Measurement of cardiac output and blood volume by non-invasive detection of indicator dilution
First Claim
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1. A method of measuring at least one measurement of a physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
- a. administering to the cardiovascular system of a subject a detectable amount of at least one indicator;
b. applying a first wavelength of light for exciting the indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light;
c. detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system using at least one photodetector proximately located to a detection area of the subject;
d. removing a blood sample containing indicator from the subject;
e. determining the concentration of the indicator in the removed blood sample; and
f. computing at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject using the determined concentration and the detected magnitude of intensity.
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Abstract
A system for evaluating the cardiovascular system parameters using indicator dilution and non-invasive or minimally invasive detection methods is disclosed. Intravascular indicators are stimulated, and emission patterns detected for computation of cardiac output, cardiac index, blood volume and other indicators of cardiovascular health.
76 Citations
36 Claims
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1. A method of measuring at least one measurement of a physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
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a. administering to the cardiovascular system of a subject a detectable amount of at least one indicator;
b. applying a first wavelength of light for exciting the indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light;
c. detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system using at least one photodetector proximately located to a detection area of the subject;
d. removing a blood sample containing indicator from the subject;
e. determining the concentration of the indicator in the removed blood sample; and
f. computing at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject using the determined concentration and the detected magnitude of intensity. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method of measuring at least one of a physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
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a. administering to the cardiovascular system of a subject a detectable amount of at least one indicator;
b. applying a first wavelength of light for exciting the indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light within the range of about 750 nm to about 1000 nm, c. detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system using at least one photodetector proximately located to a detection area of the subject;
d. removing a blood sample containing indicator from the subject;
e. determining the concentration of the indicator in the removed blood sample; and
f. computing at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject using the determined concentration and the detected magnitude of intensity. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A system for determining parameters of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
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a. an illumination source configured to be positioned proximately to at least one blood vessel of the cardiovascular system for providing a first wavelength of light for exciting an indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light;
b. a photodetector configured to be positioned proximate to at least one blood vessel of the cardiovascular system of the subject for detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system and for transmitting electronic signals proportionate to the detected magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light to a computing system;
c. the computing system configured to compute at least one measurement of a physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject based on the detected intensity of the second wavelength and the information indicative of the concentration of indicator in the blood that was derived from an analysis of a sample of blood containing indicator that was removed from the patient. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A method of measuring at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
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a. administering to the cardiovascular system of a subject a detectable amount of at least one indicator;
b. applying a first wavelength of light for exciting the indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light;
c. detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system using at least one photodetector proximately located to a detection area of the subject;
d. filtering the light emitted by the indicator to substantially isolate the second wavelength of light;
e. analyzing mathematically the detected magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light to compute at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject.
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35. A method of measuring at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
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a. administering to the cardiovascular system of a subject a detectable amount of at least one indicator;
b. applying a first wavelength of light for exciting the indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light within the range of about 750 nm to about 1000 nm, c. detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system using at least one photodetector proximately located to a detection area of the subject;
d. filtering the light emitted by the indicator to substantially isolate the second wavelength of light; and
e. analyzing mathematically the detected magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light to compute at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject.
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36. A system for determining parameters of the cardiovascular system of a subject comprising:
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a. an illumination source configured to be positioned proximately to at least one blood vessel of the cardiovascular system for providing a first wavelength of light for exciting an indicator within the cardiovascular system and causing the indicator to emit a second wavelength of light;
b. a photodetector configured to be positioned proximate to at least one blood vessel of the cardiovascular system of the subject for detecting the magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light emitted from the indicator in the circulatory system and for transmitting electronic signals proportionate to the detected magnitude of intensity of the second wavelength of light to a computing system; and
c. a filter configured to filter the light emitted by the indicator to substantially isolate the second wavelength of light; and
d. the computing system for receiving the electronic signals and analyzing mathematically the detected magnitude of intensity to compute at least one physical parameter of the cardiovascular system of the subject.
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Specification