Coated endovascular stent

• US 6,776,792 B1
• Filed: 04/24/1997
• Issued: 08/17/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Advanced Cardiovascular Systems Incorporated
• Inventors: Chan, Randy, Yan, John Y.
• Primary Examiner(s): Prebilic, Paul B.
• Application Number:
  US08/847,763
• Time in Patent Office: 2,672 Days
• Field of Search: 623/1, 623/12, 623/1.43, 623/1.42, 623/1.46, 623/23.71, 623/1.15, 606/191, 606/198, 606/108, 427/2.25
• US Class Current: 623/1.15
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0077 Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth A61F2/30767 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/07 Stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/82 Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents stent-grafts for tubular structures of the body other than blood vessels A61F2/04; stent-grafts for blood vessels A61F2/07; instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts A61F2/95; for closing wounds, or holding wounds closed A61B17/04 - A61B17/115; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/92 Stents in the form of a rolled-up sheet expanding after insertion into the vessel , e.g. with a spiral shape in cross-section
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/072 Encapsulated stents, e.g. wire or whole stent embedded in lining
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/075 the stent being loosely attached to the graft material, e.g. by stitching
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0067 Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2420/08 Coatings comprising two or more layers
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/10 Macromolecular materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 33/0011 Anticoagulant, e.g. heparin, platelet aggregation inhibitor, fibrinolytic agent, other than enzymes, attached to the substrate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 623/921 Blood vessel

Abstract

An implantable stent is coated with a material that attracts heparin and with which heparin forms a bond. The stent is exposed to a heparin containing solution just prior to implantation or is first implanted and then exposed to heparinized blood. As heparin becomes detached from the stent, the implantation site is exposed to heparin to restore an effective level and thereby prevent thrombosis.

Claims

1. A device, comprising:

a body that is implantable within a lumen of the vascular system, such lumen being defined by vessel walls and wherein said body has surfaces capable of contacting said vessel walls and surfaces incapable of contacting said vessel walls upon implantation; and

a coating devoid of heparin exclusively deposited on surfaces of said body that are incapable of contacting said vessel walls wherein such coating is formed of material that adheres to said body and includes function groups to attract heparin and form a bond therewith when such material is exposed to a solution containing heparin

whereby a toxic effect to the patient'"'"'s vasculature is avoided.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein said functional groups of said coating deposited on surfaces of said body incapable of contacting said vessel walls attract heparin and form a bond when said material is exposed to a heparin-containing solution comprising heparinized blood.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein said functional groups of said coating deposited on surfaces of said body capable of contacting said vessel walls attract heparin and form a bond when said material is exposed to a heparin-containing solution comprising heparinized saline.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein said functional groups comprise a teriary amine.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein said functional groups comprise carboxyl groups.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein said coating comprises a base layer, wherein such base layer is selected for its ability to adhere to said body, and a top layer, wherein such top layer is selected for its ability to bond to said base layer and includes said functional groups for bonding with heparin.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein said base layer is hydrophobically attached to said body.

12. The device of claim 10, wherein said top layer is covalently bonded to said base layer.

4. An endovascular stent, comprising:

a support structure that is implantable within a patient'"'"'s vasculature;

a coating deposited on said support structure wherein such coating is formed of material that adheres to said stent structure and that includes functional groups to attract heparin and form an ionic bond therewith when such material is exposed to a solution containing heparin; and

wherein said support structure is configured such that upon implantation in a blood vessel, such support structure has surfaces that face the vessel walls, surfaces that face the blood flow, and has an upstream edge and a downstream edge and wherein said coating is exclusively deposited on said surface facing said blood flow.

5. An endovascular stent, comprising:

a support structure that is implantable within a patient'"'"'s vasculature;

a coating deposited on said support structure wherein such coating is formed of material that adheres to said stent structure and includes functional groups to attract heparin and form an ionic bond therewith when such material is exposed to a solution containing heparin; and

wherein said support structure is configured such that upon implantation in a blood vessel, such support structure has surfaces that face the vessel walls, surfaces that face the blood flow, and has an upstream edge and a downstream edge and wherein said coating is exclusively deposited on said edges.

6. A device comprising:

a body that is implantable within a lumen of the vascular system, such lumen being defined by vessel walls and wherein said body has surfaces capable of contacting said vessel walls and surfaces incapable of contacting said vessel walls upon implantation; and

;

a coating deposited exclusively on surfaces of said body that are incapable of contacting said vessel walls, wherein such coating is formed of material that adheres to said body and includes functional groups to attract heparin and form a bond therewith when such material is exposed to a solution containing heparin; and

wherein said functional groups comprise a primary amine.

7. A device, comprising:

a body that is implantable within a lumen of the vascular system, such lumen being defined by vessel walls and wherein said body has surfaces capable of contacting said vessel walls and surfaces incapable of contacting said vessel walls upon implantation; and

;

a coating deposited exclusively on surfaces of said body that are incapable of contacting said vessel walls, wherein such coating is formed of material that adheres to said body and includes functional groups to attract heparin and form a bond therewith when such material is exposed to a solution containing heparin; and

wherein said functional groups comprise a secondary amine.