Organic electroluminescent devices with enhanced light extraction
First Claim
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1. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device, comprising:
- an assemblage capable of emitting light and an output coupler disposed adjacent to an element of said assemblage;
wherein said assemblage comprising;
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
at least one organic light emitting layer; and
wherein said output coupler reduces a Fresnel loss and has an index of refraction that matches an index of refraction of an element of said assemblage adjacent said output coupler.
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Abstract
An organic light emitting diode containing a first electrode, a second electrode, at least one organic light emitting layer, and an output coupler which reduces a Fresnel loss is provided. The index of refraction of the output coupler is matched to that of the adjacent layer of the device. The output coupler may be a dimpled transparent material or a composite layer containing light scattering particles to also reduce a critical angle loss.
265 Citations
34 Claims
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1. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device, comprising:
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an assemblage capable of emitting light and an output coupler disposed adjacent to an element of said assemblage;
wherein said assemblage comprising;
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
at least one organic light emitting layer; and
wherein said output coupler reduces a Fresnel loss and has an index of refraction that matches an index of refraction of an element of said assemblage adjacent said output coupler.
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2. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device comprising an assemblage and an output coupler;
- the assemblage comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one organic light emitting comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one organic light emitting layer;
wherein the assemblage comprises an organic light emitting diode;
the output coupler reduces both a critical angle loss and a Fresnel loss;
an index of refraction of the output coupler is matched to an index of refraction of an adjacent layer of the assemblage. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
- the assemblage comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one organic light emitting comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and at least one organic light emitting layer;
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18. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device comprising:
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a first electrode;
a second electrode;
at least one organic light emitting layer; and
an output coupler which reduces a Fresnel loss;
wherein; the electroluminescent device emits white light;
the first electrode comprises a metal containing electrode;
the organic light emitting layer comprises at least one organic molecule layer or at least one polymer layer over a first side of the first electrode;
the second electrode comprises a transparent electrode having a first side over the organic light emitting layer; and
the electroluminescent device further comprising;
a voltage source; and
a luminescent material. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21)
a first device electrical contact contacting the first side of the first electrode;
a second device electrical contact contacting a second side of the second electrode;
a sealing member over the second side of the second electrode;
a mounting substrate over the sealing member; and
a plurality of organic electroluminescent devices below the mounting substrate having a fill factor of greater than 0.3.
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22. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device comprising:
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a first electrode;
a second electrode;
at least one organic light emitting layer; and
an output coupler which reduces a Fresnel loss;
wherein; a reflectivity of a non-light emitting side of the device is 80% or higher;
the output coupler optical thickness for scattering is about 0.1 to about 0.9; and
the device emission extraction is 55% or higher. - View Dependent Claims (23)
a reflectivity of a non-light emitting side of the device is 86% or higher;
the output coupler optical thickness for scattering is about 0.5; and
the device emission extraction is 58% or higher.
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24. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device comprising an assemblage capable of emitting light and an output coupler that reduces a Fresnel loss;
- wherein the assemblage comprises;
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
at least one organic light emitting layer; and
wherein the output coupler comprises;
a first layer having a first index of refraction that is matched to an index of refraction of an adjacent layer of the assemblage; and
a second layer having a second index of refraction lower that the first index of refraction.
- wherein the assemblage comprises;
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25. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device comprising an assemblage capable of emitting light and an output coupler that reduces a Fresnel loss;
- wherein the assemblage comprises;
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
at least one organic light emitting layer; and
wherein the output coupler a layer having a graded index of refraction, wherein an inner portion of the layer has a first index of refraction that is matched to an index of refraction of an adjacent layer of the assemblage, and an outer portion of the layer has a second index of refraction that is lower that the first index of refraction.
- wherein the assemblage comprises;
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26. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device, comprising:
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a first electrode;
at least one organic light emitting layer over the first electrode;
a second transparent electrode over the at least one organic light emitting layer; and
a shaped transparent material which has corrugated or dimpled light emitting surface and which contains nanoparticles having a size of less than 100 nm over the second transparent electrode. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
the organic electroluminescent light emitting device, comprises an organic light emitting diode;
the first electrode comprises a metal containing electrode;
the organic light emitting layer comprises at least one organic molecule layer or at least one polymer layer;
the second electrode comprises an indium tin oxide electrode;
the shaped transparent material comprises a glass or a polymer material containing 0.1 to 20 micron light scattering particles; and
each dimple has a height of greater than 0.1 microns and a spacing between dimple peaks is a factor of 10 or less of the dimple height.
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28. The device of claim 26, wherein the shaped transparent material comprises a glass or polymer material formed on a glass or polymer substrate.
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29. The device of claim 26, wherein the shaped transparent material comprises a glass or polymer material substrate onto which the organic electroluminescent light emitting device is fabricated.
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30. An organic electroluminescent device, comprising:
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a first electrode;
at least one organic light emitting layer over the first electrode;
a second transparent electrode over the at least one organic light emitting layer; and
a matrix material containing light scattering particles over the second electrode, the light scattering particles having a size in arrange from about 0.1 to about 20 microns. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32)
the matrix material comprises silicone or epoxy formed over a glass or polymer substrate; and
the light scattering particles comprise 0.1 to 20 micron titania or zinc oxide light scattering particles.
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32. The device of claim 31, wherein the matrix material further comprises nanoparticles having a size of less than 100 nm.
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33. An organic electroluminescent light emitting device, comprising:
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a first electrode;
at least one organic light emitting layer over the first electrode;
a second transparent electrode over the at least one organic light emitting layer; and
a shaped transparent material whose index of refraction is selected to match that of an adjacent layer of the light emitting device. - View Dependent Claims (34)
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Specification