Segmented power amplifier and method of control

• US 6,782,244 B2
• Filed: 03/16/2001
• Issued: 08/24/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Qorvo US, Inc. (Qorvo, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: RF Micro Devices Incorporated (Qorvo, Inc.)
• Inventors: Vu, Khoi Tam, Jorgenson, Jon D., Steel, Victor E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Urban, Edward F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CHOW, CHARLES CHIANG
• Application Number:
  US09/810,009
• Publication Number:
  US 20020132652A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,257 Days
• Field of Search: 455/127, 455/341, 455/572, 455/574, 455/127.1, 455/575.1, 455/127.3, 455/550.1, 455/127.2, 455/144, 455/194.2, 455/232.1, 455/253.2, 455/248.1, 330/51, 330/197, 330/310, 330/278, 330/288, 330/285, 330/295, 330/84, 330/124.R, 330/126, 330/286, 330/284, 330/54, 375/295, 375/297
• US Class Current: 455/127.1
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0261 with control of the polarisation voltage or current, e.g. gliding Class A
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0277 Selecting one or more amplifiers from a plurality of amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/411 the output amplifying stage of an amplifier comprising two power stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/451 the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/21191 the supply current of a power amplifier being switchable controlled, e.g. by choosing different current sources or resistors
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/21193 the supply voltage of a power amplifier being continuously controlled, e.g. by an active potentiometer
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/211 using a combination of several amplifiers H03F3/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only

Abstract

An amplifier provides two or more selectively enabled amplifier segments allowing a source signal to be amplified with a selectable output power. A bias circuit responsive to a bias control signal enables selectable combinations of one or more amplifier segments, thus allowing selection of a desired output power. Selecting a desired output signal power via the bias control signal corresponds to selecting an overall amplifier quiescent current that decreases with decreasing output signal power. Thus, the amplifier permits a controlling system, such as a mobile terminal (e.g., cellular telephone) to amplify a transmit signal with a selectable transmit signal output power and corresponding level of amplifier quiescent power consumption. Preferably, each segment comprises one or more transistor amplification stages which, when enabled by the bias circuit, are biased to permit maximum power linear amplification for the transmit signal.

Claims

1. A radio frequency amplifier comprising:

a signal input for receiving a source signal;

a plurality of selectively enabled amplifier segments connected to said signal input, each providing an amplified source signal via a segment output when enabled;

a bias circuit selectively enabling a desired combination of said amplifier segments via one or more bias signals responsive to a bias control signal; and

a final output connected to said segment outputs providing an amplifier output signal based on combining said amplified source signals and having an output power determined by said desired combination of enabled amplifier segments;

wherein said plurality of amplifier segments each comprise a plurality of amplification stages, each of said amplification stages comprising a stage input, a stage output, and a transistor amplifier arrangement disposed between said stage input and stage output, and each said stage input includes an impedance matching circuit and each said stage output includes a phase compensation circuit.

2. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 1 wherein said desired combination of enabled amplifier segments determines a quiescent current of said radio frequency amplifier.

3. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 2 wherein said bias circuit enables said desired combination of said amplifier segments responsive to said bias control signal by biasing a first number of said amplifier segments on and biasing a second number of said amplifier segments off, said first and second numbers totaling said plurality of said amplifier segments.

4. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 3 wherein said amplifier segments biased on by said bias control circuit linearly amplify said source signal and said amplifier segments biased off by said bias circuit behave as high-impedance loads.

5. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 4 wherein said segment outputs from said second number of amplifier segments do not substantially load said amplified signals output from said first number of amplifier segments.

6. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 4 wherein said bias signals provided to said first number of amplifier segments biases each of said first number of amplifier segments such that said linear amplification of said source signal represents a maximum power linear amplification of said source signal.

7. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 1 wherein said desired combination represents one of a possible set of enabled amplifier segment combinations selected via said bias control signal.

8. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 7 wherein said bias circuit includes a digital interface and said bias control signal comprises a binary value corresponding to one of said possible set of enabled amplifier segment combinations.

9. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 1 wherein said amplification stages further include a bias input responsive to one of said one or more bias signals for selectively enabling said transistor arrangement.

10. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 1 wherein said stage input in a first amplification stage in each of said amplifier segments is connected to said signal input and said impedance matching circuit of said first amplification stage matching a source impedance of said source signal.

11. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 10, wherein said amplifier segments each include an equal plurality of said amplifications stages connected in series with said first amplification stage.

12. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 11, wherein said stage inputs and said stage outputs from corresponding amplification stages are interconnected between said plurality of amplifier segments.

13. The radio frequency amplifier of claim 1 wherein said transistor amplifier arrangement comprises a HBT transistor.

14. An amplifier comprising:

a bias circuit adapted to selectively provide bias signals responsive to a bias control signal;

two or more amplifier segments selectively enabled via said bias signals, each comprising a plurality of transistor amplification stages and each adapted to provide an amplified output signal based on amplifying a common source signal when said amplifier segment is enabled; and

a common output connected to an output from each said amplifier segment, said common output adapted to provide a final output signal based on combining said amplified output signals

wherein said two or more amplifier segments comprise at least one first amplifier segments designed for low-power source signal amplification and at least one second amplifier segments designed for higher-power source signal amplification, and said transistor amplification stages each comprise a stage input, stage output, and a hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) amplifier disposed between said stage input and said stage output.

15. The amplifier of claim 14 wherein said HBT amplifier comprises a single HBT in a common-collector configuration.

16. The amplifier of claim 14 wherein said HBT amplifier further includes a bias input adapted to receive one or more of said bias signals from said bias circuit.

17. The amplifier of claim 14 wherein said HBT transistors in said first segments and said second segments are fabricated such that transistor active emitter current densities in said first segment and said second segments are comparable.

18. The amplifier of claim 14 wherein said bias circuit includes a digital interface adapted to receive said bias control signal.

19. The amplifier of claim 18 wherein said digital interface comprises a discrete input signal line for each of said amplifier segments, and enables said amplifier segments corresponding to asserted input signals on corresponding said input signal lines.

20. The amplifier of claim 18 wherein said digital interface comprises a binary interface adapted to receive a binary control signal, and further adapted to enable one or more of said amplifier segments based on a value of said bias control signal.

21. A method of operating a power amplifier, said method comprising:

providing a segmented power amplifier comprising two or more selectively enabled amplifier segments, each segment adapted to amplify a source signal with a known maximum segment output power when enabled;

determining a desired overall amplifier maximum output power;

enabling one or more of said amplifier segments in a combination corresponding to said desired overall amplifier maximum output power; and

combining an amplified output signal from each said enabled amplifier segment to form a final amplifier output signal having said desired overall amplifier maximum output power;

wherein said amplifier segments each comprise a like number of one or more transistor amplifier stages and each said transistor amplifier stage is fabricated such that one or more transistors comprising each said transistor amplifier stage operate with a desired emitter current density when biased to said transistor operating point.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said enabling one or more of said amplifier segments in a combination corresponding to said desired overall amplifier maximum output power comprises using a bias circuit that selectively biases one or more transistor amplification stages in each of said amplifier segments on when said amplifier segment is enabled and off when said amplifier segment is not enabled.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein said bias circuit is responsive to a bias control signal, and further wherein a binary value of said bias control signal determines which of said amplifier segments is enabled.

24. The method of claim 21 wherein a mobile terminal includes said segmented power amplifier and performs said steps of determining, enabling, and combining in response to changing transmit signal power requirements.

25. The method of claim 24 further comprising operating said mobile terminal in a digital wireless communications system that communicates said changing transmit signal power requirements to said mobile terminal.

26. The method of claim 21 wherein said enabling one or more of said amplifier segments comprises biasing each transistor amplifier stage within an enabled amplifier segment to a transistor operating point providing linear signal amplification at a maximum output power for each said transistor amplifier stage in said enabled amplifier segment.

27. A method of operating a power amplifier, said method comprising:

providing a segmented power amplifier comprising two or more selectively enabled amplifier segments, each segment adapted to amplify a source signal with a known maximum segment output power when enabled;

determining a desired overall amplifier maximum output power;

enabling one or more of said amplifier segments in a combination corresponding to said desired overall amplifier maximum output power; and

combining an amplified output signal from each said enabled amplifier segment to form a final amplifier output signal having said desired overall amplifier maximum output power;

wherein one or more of said two or more amplifier segments is designed to operate with low levels of quiescent current when enabled, as compared to one or more other said amplifier segments comprising said segmented power amplifier.