Automatically applying bi-directional quality of service treatment to network data flows

• US 6,788,647 B1
• Filed: 11/19/1999
• Issued: 09/07/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 11/19/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Parnafes, Itzhak, Mohaban, Shai
• Primary Examiner(s): LY, ANH VU H
• Assistant Examiner(s): LY, ANH VU H
• Application Number:
  US09/443,947
• Time in Patent Office: 1,754 Days
• Field of Search: 370/230, 370/230.1, 370/231, 370/238, 370/389, 370/392, 370/395.4, 370/395.42, 370/235, 370/236, 370/395.21, 370/395.32
• US Class Current: 370/235
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2408 for supporting different services, e.g. a differentiated services [DiffServ] type of service
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2425 for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2441 relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2491 Mapping quality of service [QoS] requirements between different networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/724 at intermediate nodes, e.g. resource reservation protocol [RSVP]

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for automatic reverse-direction or bi-directional quality of service treatment of network data flows. A network device located at the edge or border of a network, such as a router that is connected to another network, identifies a data flow originating within its network and directed outside the network, and having packets set with quality of service treatment values. Identified quality of service treatments may be IP precedence, DSCP marking of packets in the flow, an RSVP PATH message, etc. The network device creates and stores, in its local memory, values that uniquely identify the flow and that tell the device how to treat packets of the same flow that are transmitted in the opposite or inbound direction. Upon identifying a corresponding inbound flow with quality of service treatment, all packets of the flow are given a pre-configured quality of service treatment based upon the quality of service treatment of the originally identified flow.

Claims

1. A method of automatically applying a quality of service treatment to a bidirectional network data flow, comprising the steps of:

receiving at a first device the bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with an outbound quality of service treatment value, wherein the first device is one of one or more devices;

creating and storing in a computer-readable medium an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the inbound quality of service value is derived from the outbound quality of service treatment value;

receiving one or more inbound message elements at a second device, wherein the second device is one of the one or more devices and the second device is distinct from the first device;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

accessing, from the second device, the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises retrieving the inbound quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the creating and storing step comprises creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table that uniquely identifies the bidirectional network data flow and that includes the inbound quality of service value.

5. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein applying the inbound quality of service value to the inbound message elements based on the stored information comprises automatically generating an inbound RSVP PATH message for the flow when the inbound message elements include an RSVP PATH message.

6. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP PATH message.

7. A router apparatus capable of routing packets of data flows in a packet-switched communications network and automatically applying quality of service treatments to the data flows, comprising:

a memory configured to store information identifying the data flows and an inbound quality service value associated with each of the data flows;

a stored program that can access the information in the memory and which, when executed by the router apparatus, carries out the steps of;

receiving at a first device a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with an outbound quality of service treatment value, wherein the first device is one of one or more devices;

creating and storing in a computer-readable medium an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the inbound quality of service value is derived from the outbound quality of service treatment value;

receiving one or more inbound message elements at a second device, wherein the second device is one of the one or more devices and the second device is distinct from the first device;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

accessing, from the second device, the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

8. A router apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein the stored program step of receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

9. A router apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein the stored program step of receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises retrieving the inbound quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

10. A router apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein the creating and storing step comprises creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table that uniquely identifies the bidirectional network data flow and that includes the inbound quality of service value.

11. A router apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP PATH message.

12. A switch apparatus capable of switching packets of data flows in a packet-switched communications network and automatically applying quality of service treatments to the data flows, comprising:

a memory configured to store information identifying the data flows and an inbound quality service value associated with each of the data flows;

a stored program that can access the information in the memory and which, when executed by the switch apparatus, carries out the steps of;

receiving at a first device a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with an outbound quality of service treatment value, wherein the first device is one of one or more devices;

creating and storing in a computer-readable medium an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the inbound quality of service value is derived from the outbound quality of service treatment value;

receiving one or more inbound message elements at a second device, wherein the second device is one of the one or more devices and the second device is distinct from the first device;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

accessing, from the second device, the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

13. A switch apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the stored program step of receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

14. A switch apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the stored program step of receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises retrieving the inbound quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

15. A switch apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein the creating and storing step comprises creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table that uniquely identifies the bidirectional network data flow and that includes the inbound quality of service value.

16. A switch apparatus as recited in claim 12, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP path message.

17. A computer-readable medium carrying one or more sequences of instructions for automatically applying quality of service treatments to data flows in a communications network, wherein execution of the one or more sequences of instructions by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to perform the steps of:

receiving at a first device a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with an outbound quality of service treatment value, wherein the first device is one of one or more devices;

creating and storing in a computer-readable medium an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the inbound quality of service value is derived from the outbound quality of service treatment value;

receiving one or more inbound message elements at a second device, wherein the second device is one of the one or more devices and the second device is distinct from the first device;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

accessing, from the second device, the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

19. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises retrieving the inbound quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

20. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the creating and storing step comprises creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table that uniquely identifies the bidirectional network data flow and that includes the inbound quality of service value.

21. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein applying the inbound quality of service value to the inbound message elements based on the stored information comprises automatically generating an inbound RSVP PATH message for the flow when the inbound message elements include an RSVP PATH message.

22. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP PATH message.

23. A data communications network, comprising:

a first end station that communicates with other end stations in the network using packetized message elements;

a first router coupled to the first end station and capable of routing the message elements among the first end station and the other end stations and automatically applying quality of service treatments to data flows, and comprising a memory configured to store information identifying the data flows and an inbound quality service value associated with each of the data flows, and a stored program that can access the information in the memory and which, when executed by the first router, carries out the steps of;

receiving at the first router a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with an outbound quality of service treatment value; and

creating and storing in a computer-readable medium an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the inbound quality of service value is derived from the outbound quality of service treatment value;

a second router coupled to the first end station and capable of routing the message elements among the first end station and the other end stations and automatically applying quality of service treatments to the data flows, and comprising a second memory configured to store information identifying the data flows and an inbound quality service value associated with each of the data flows, and a second stored program that can access the information in the second memory and which, when executed by the second router, carries out the steps of;

receiving one or more inbound message elements;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

accessing the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

24. A method of automatically applying a quality of service treatment to a bidirectional network data flow in a packet-switched communications network, comprising the steps of:

creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table stored in a computer-readable medium communicatively coupled to a first device that uniquely identifies an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying a bidirectional network data flow based on an outbound quality of service value that is in at least one outbound message element that is associated with the outbound quality of service treatment value;

receiving one or more inbound message elements at a second device, wherein the second device is one of the one or more devices and the second device is distinct from the first device;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

accessing, from the second device, the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

25. A method as recited in claim 24, wherein the bidirectional network data flow comprises at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

26. A method as recited in claim 24, wherein the bidirectional network data flow comprises one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises retrieving the inbound quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

27. A method as recited in claim 24, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP PATH message.

28. An apparatus for automatically applying a quality of service treatment to a bidirectional network data flow, comprising:

means for receiving at a first device a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with an outbound quality of service treatment value, wherein the first device is one of one or more devices;

means for creating and storing in a computer-readable medium an inbound quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the inbound quality of service value is derived from the outbound quality of service treatment value;

means for receiving one or more inbound message elements at a second device, wherein the second device is one of the one or more devices and the second device is distinct from the first device;

means for determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow;

means for accessing, from the second device, the computer-readable medium containing the inbound quality of service value; and

means for applying the inbound quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements based on the stored information.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises retrieving the inbound quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

31. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the creating and storing step comprises creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table that uniquely identifies the bidirectional network data flow and that includes the inbound quality of service value.

32. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein applying the inbound quality of service value to the inbound message elements based on the stored information comprises automatically generating an inbound RSVP PATH message for the flow when the inbound message elements include an RSVP PATH message.

33. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the inbound quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP PATH message.

34. A method of automatically applying a quality of service treatment to a bidirectional network data flow, comprising the steps of:

receiving at a first device the bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is associated with a particular quality of service treatment value, wherein the first device is one of one or more devices;

creating and storing in a computer-readable medium the particular quality of service value in association with information identifying the bidirectional network data flow wherein the particular quality of service value is derived from the quality of service treatment value associated with the outbound message element;

receiving a request for a quality of service value for an inbound message element from a second device of one or more devices, wherein the inbound message element is associated with the particular bidirectional message flow, wherein the second device is distinct from the first device; and

providing the particular quality of service value to the second device.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that is marked with a DSCP value and wherein providing the particular quality of service value comprises providing the DSCP value.

36. The method of claim 34, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising one or more outbound message elements that are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein providing the particular quality of service value comprises retrieving the particular quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and providing the retrieved quality of service value to the second device.

37. The method of claim 34, wherein the creating and storing step comprises creating and storing a hash entry in a hash table that uniquely identifies the bidirectional network data flow and that includes the inbound quality of service value.

38. The method of claim 34, wherein receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprises receiving a bidirectional network data flow comprising at least one outbound message element that includes a first RSVP PATH message and wherein providing the particular quality of service value comprises providing a second RSVP PATH message, wherein the second RSVP PATH message is created based on the first RSVP PATH message.

39. A method of automatically applying a quality of service treatment to a bidirectional network data flow, comprising the steps of:

receiving one or more inbound message elements at a first device, wherein the first device is one of the one or more devices, the inbound message element is part of a bidirectional network data flow, no outbound message elements have been received at the first device, and no quality of service value is specified in the one or more inbound message elements;

accessing a computer-readable medium containing a particular quality of service value associated with the bidirectional network data flow, wherein the quality of service value was stored in the computer-readable medium by a second device based on an outbound message element associated with the bidirectional network data flow and the first device is distinct from the second device;

determining that the inbound message elements are associated with the same bidirectional network data flow; and

applying the particular quality of service value to the one or more inbound message elements.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein one or more outbound message elements of the outbound message elements are marked with a DSCP value and wherein applying the particular quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with the DSCP value.

41. The method of claim 39, wherein one or more outbound message elements of the outbound message elements are marked with a DSCP value, and wherein applying the particular quality of service value comprises retrieving the particular quality of service value from a mapping of DSCP values to associated quality of service values, and adding the retrieved quality of service value to the inbound message elements.

42. The method of claim 39, wherein applying the particular quality of service value to the inbound message elements based on the stored information comprises automatically generating an inbound RSVP PATH message for the flow when the inbound message elements include an RSVP PATH message.

43. The method of claim 39, wherein one or more outbound message elements of the one outbound message elements include a first RSVP PATH message and wherein applying the particular quality of service value comprises marking the inbound message elements with a second RSVP PATH message.