Method and device for plasma coating surfaces

• US 6,800,336 B1
• Filed: 04/29/2002
• Issued: 10/05/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/30/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alfred Baalmann, Christian Buske, Förnsel, Peter, Guido Ellinghorst, Klaus D. Vissing, Uwe Hartmann
• Original Assignee: Alfred Baalmann, Christian Buske, Förnsel, Peter, Guido Ellinghorst, Klaus D. Vissing, Uwe Hartmann
• Inventors: Hartmann, Uwe, Buske, Christian, Baalmann, Alfred, Förnsel, Peter, Ellinghorst, Guido, Vissing, Klaus D
• Primary Examiner(s): MEEKS, TIMOTHY HOWARD
• Application Number:
  US10/111,864
• Time in Patent Office: 890 Days
• Field of Search: 427/562, 427/563, 427/568, 427/569, 427/578, 427/255.28, 118/723.R, 118/723.E, 118/723.ER
• US Class Current: 427/562
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 4/134 Plasma spraying
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 8/36 using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
• CPC Class Codes: H05H 1/34 Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
• CPC Class Codes: H05H 1/42 with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid arc stabilising or constricting arrangements H05H1/3405; coaxial protecting fluids H05H1/341; electrostatic spraying, spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically B05B5/00 ; cf. B23K9/324, B05B7/22

Abstract

A method for coating surfaces, for which a precursor material is caused to react with the help of plasma and the reaction product is deposited on a surface, the reaction as well as the deposition taking place at atmospheric pressure, such that a plasma jet is generated by passing a working gas through an excitation zone and the precursor material is supplied with a lance separately from the working gas to the plasma jet.

Claims

1. A method for coating surfaces, comprising the steps of:

generating a plasma jet by passing a working gas through an excitation zone and by applying a high frequency AC voltage to electrodes positioned in the excitation zone to produce an arc discharge,

supplying a precursor material separately from the working gas to the plasma jet to cause the precursor material to react with the help of plasma in the plasma jet,

depositing a reaction product from said reaction on a surface, and

providing that the reaction as well as the deposition takes place at atmospheric pressure.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the precursor material includes at least one of liquid components and solid components in a state in which the precursor material in supplied to the plasma jet.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of supplying a precursor material includes the step of injecting the precursor material into an outlet opening through which the plasma jet leaves the excitation zone.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the outlet opening is constructed as a Venturi nozzle and the step of supplying a precursor material includes the step of supplying a precursor gas, utilizing a Venturi effect, to the outlet opening.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of supplying a precursor material includes the step of injecting the precursor material into the plasma jet downstream from an outlet opening through which the plasma jet leaves the excitation zone.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of supplying a precursor material includes the step of injecting the precursor material into the plasma jet in a downstream region of the excitation zone at which the plasma jet is formed.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of generating and applying includes the step of applying a high frequency AC voltage of the order of approximately 20 KHz to the electrodes positioned in the excitation zone.

8. A device for coating surfaces comprising:

a plasma nozzle housing which is tubular and electrically conductive and which forms a nozzle channel through which a working gas flows,

an arrangement for generating a plasma jet by excitation of the working gas, said arrangement including;

an electrode disposed coaxially in the nozzle channel, and

a high frequency generator for applying a high frequency AC voltage between the electrode and the housing in such a manner that the working gas, on flowing through the nozzle channel, is excited by means of an electric arc discharge thereat, and

a supplying device which supplies a precursor material to the plasma jet separately from the working gas.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the housing includes a spiraling device for spiraling the working gas in the nozzle channel.

10. The device of claim 9,

wherein the nozzle channel includes an outlet,

further comprising a tubular mouthpiece of an electrically insulating material inserted in the outlet of the nozzle channel, and

wherein the supplying device for the precursor includes a lance which discharges into the mouthpiece.

11. The device of claim 8, wherein the nozzle channel includes an outlet, and the supplying device for the precursor gas includes a lance which discharges into the plasma jet downstream from the outlet of the nozzle channel.

12. The device of claim 8, wherein the nozzle channel includes an outlet, and the supplying device for the precursor material includes a Venturi nozzle formed in the outlet of the nozzle channel.

13. The device of claim 8, wherein the nozzle channel includes an outlet, and the supplying device for the precursor gas includes an electrically insulating tube which passes through the plasma nozzle and which has an opening which can lie one of within and without the nozzle channel.

14. The device of claim 8, wherein the plasma nozzle includes an outlet, and an inert gas nozzle for enveloping the plasma jet with a protective gas.

15. The device of claim 8, wherein said high frequency generator applies a voltage of the order of approximately 20 KHz between the electrode and the housing.