Coding apparatus and method, decoding apparatus and method, data processing system, storage medium, and signal

• US 6,804,372 B1
• Filed: 10/06/1999
• Issued: 10/12/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Inventors: Kondo, Tetsujiro, Tanaka, Kenji, Watanabe, Yoshinori
• Primary Examiner(s): Mehta, Bhavesh M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tabatabai, Abolfazl
• Application Number:
  US09/413,134
• Time in Patent Office: 1,833 Days
• Field of Search: 382/100, 382/232, 382/240, 380/51, 380/54, 380/210, 380/252, 380/287, 380/201, 713/176, 713/179, 348/461, 348/463, 370/522, 370/523, 370/524, 370/525, 370/526, 370/527, 370/528, 370/529, 704/273, 725/9, 725/20, 725/22
• US Class Current: 382/100
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0028 Adaptive watermarking, e.g. Human Visual System [HVS]-based watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0035 Output size adaptive watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0051 Embedding of the watermark in the spatial domain
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0083 whereby only watermarked image required at decoder, e.g. source-based, blind, oblivious
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0203 whereby the image with embedded watermark is reverted to the original condition before embedding, e.g. lossless, distortion-free or invertible watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32144 embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32224 Replacing pixels of an image with other pixels from the same image, e.g. texture block coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/00 Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/46 Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process H04N19/517, H04N19/68, H04N19/70 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2005/91335 the copy protection signal being a watermark
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/781 on disks or drums
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/85 on discs or drums
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/907 using static stores, e.g. storage tubes or semiconductor memories H04N5/91 takes precedence

Abstract

The invention relates to a coding apparatus for embedding second data into first data without deteriorating the first data and a decoding apparatus for decoding coded data into original first data and second data without deteriorating those data. The invention provides a coding apparatus which has a memory for storing at least partial data of first data, and embeds second data into the first data by rearranging, according to the second data, the at least partial data of the first data that is stored in the memory. The invention also provides a coding apparatus for decoding coded data in which second data is embedded and at least partial data of the coded data has been subjected to rearrangement by using one of a plurality of rearrangement patterns. The decoding apparatus calculates correlation between adjacent data for each rearrangement pattern, and decodes the original first data and the second data according to a rearrangement pattern that is determined based on the correlation.

Claims

1. A coding apparatus for coding first data according to second data, comprising:

storing means for storing at least partial data of the first data; and

coding means for embedding the second data into the first data by rearranging, according to the second data, the at least partial data of the first data that is stored in the storing means and producing coded data, the rearrangement of the at least partial data of the first data being associated with the second data and wherein the first data and the second data can be decoded from the coded data.

2. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising input means for allowing input of the first data and the second data.

3. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data;

the storing means stores the image data; and

the coding means embeds the second data into the image data by rearranging, according to the second data, positions of sets of one or more pixel data constituting the image data that is stored in the storing means.

4. The coding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the coding means rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data in a frame of the image data.

5. The coding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the coding means rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of pixel data constituting the image data, each of the sets of pixel data constituting one column or one row.

6. The coding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the coding means rearranges the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data constituting the image data according to numbers of pixels corresponding to values of the second data.

7. The coding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein part of the first data is prohibited from being subjected to the data rearrangement by the coding means.

8. A coding method for coding first data according to second data, comprising:

a storing step of storing at least partial data of the first data; and

a coding step of embedding the second data into the first data by rearranging the stored at least partial data of the first data according to the second data and producing coded data, the rearrangement of the at least partial data of the first data being associated with the second data and wherein the first data and the second data can be decoded from the coded data.

9. The coding method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of allowing input of the first data and the second data.

10. The coding method according to claim 8, wherein:

the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data;

the storing step stores the image data; and

the coding step embeds the second data into the image data by rearranging, according to the second data, positions of sets of one or more pixel data constituting the stored image data.

11. The coding method according to claim 10, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data in a frame of the image data.

12. The coding method according to claim 10, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of pixel data constituting the image data, each of the sets of pixel data constituting one column or one row.

13. The coding method according to claim 10, wherein the coding step rearranges the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data constituting the image data according to numbers of pixels corresponding to values of the second data.

14. The coding method according to claim 8, wherein part of the first data is prohibited from being subjected to the data rearrangement.

15. A decoding apparatus for decoding coded data that has been produced by coding first data according to second data, comprising:

relation calculating means for calculating a relation between first partial data and second partial data of the coded data; and

decoding means for decoding the coded data into the original, first data by rearranging at least the second partial data of the coded data based on the relation calculated by the relation calculating means, and for decoding the second data that is embedded in the coded data according to the rearrangement.

16. The decoding apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the relation calculating means calculates the relation in terms of continuity between the first partial data and the second partial data of the coded data.

17. The decoding apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the decoding means rearranged at least the second partial data of the coded data so that they come adjacent to each other, when the relation between the first partial data and the second partial data is strongest.

18. The decoding apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data, and wherein the decoding means rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data on a column-by-column basis or row-by-row basis.

19. The decoding apparatus according to claim 15, wherein part of the coded data is prohibited from being subjected to the rearrangement.

20. The decoding apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the decoding means determines a rearrangement pattern of the rearrangement of at least the second partial data of the coded data, and employs a value corresponding to the rearrangement pattern as the second data.

21. A decoding method for decoding coded data that has been produced by coding first data according to second data, comprising:

a relation calculating step of calculating a relation between first partial data and second partial data of the coded data; and

a decoding step of decoding the coded data into the original, first data by rearranging at least the second partial data of the coded data based on the calculated relation, and for decoding the second data that is embedded in the coded data according to the rearrangement.

22. The decoding method according to claim 21, wherein the relation calculating step calculates the relation in terms of continuity between the first partial data and the second partial data of the coded data.

23. The decoding method according to claim 21, wherein the decoding step rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data so that they come adjacent to each other, when the relation between the first partial data and the second partial data is strongest.

24. The decoding method according to claim 21, wherein the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data, and wherein the decoding step rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data on a column-by-column basis or row-by-row basis.

25. The decoding method according to claim 21, wherein part of the coded data is prohibited from being subjected to the rearrangement.

26. The decoding method according to claim 21, wherein the decoding step determines a rearrangement pattern of the rearrangement of at least the second partial data of the coded data, and employs a value corresponding to the rearrangement pattern as the second data.

27. A data processing system for coding first data into coded data according to second data and decoding the coded data, comprising:

storing means for storing at least partial data of the first data;

coding means for embedding the second data into the first data by rearranging, according to the second data, the at least partial data of the first data that is stored in the storing means and producing coded data, the rearrangement of the at least partial data of the first data being associated with the second data and wherein the first data and the second data can be decoded from the coded data;

relation calculating means for calculating a relation between first partial data and second partial data of the coded data; and

decoding means for decoding the coded data into the original, first data by rearranging at least the second partial data of the coded data based on the relation calculated by the relation calculating means, and for decoding the second data that is embedded in the coded data according to the rearrangement.

28. A storage medium storing a program that is capable of controlling a computer and serves to code first data according to second data, the program comprising:

a storing step of storing at least partial data of the first data; and

a coding step of embedding the second data into the first data by rearranging the stored at least partial data of the first data according to the second data and producing coded data, the rearrangement of the at least partial data of the first data being associated with the second data and wherein the first data and the second data can be decoded from the coded data.

29. The storage medium according to claim 28, wherein the program further comprises the step of allowing input of the first data and the second data.

30. The storage medium according to claim 28, wherein:

the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data;

the storing step stores the image data; and

the coding step embeds the second data into the image data by rearranging, according to the second data, positions of sets of one or more pixel data constituting the stored image data.

31. The storage medium according to claim 30, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data in a frame of the image data.

32. The storage medium according to claim 30, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of pixel data constituting the image data, each of the sets of pixel data constituting one column or one row.

33. The storage medium according to claim 28, wherein part of the first data is prohibited from being subjected to the data rearrangement.

34. The storage medium according to claim 30, wherein the coding step rearranges the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data constituting the image data according to numbers of pixels corresponding to a value of the second data.

35. A storage medium storing a program that is capable of controlling a computer and serves to decode coded data that has been produced by coding first data according to second data, the program comprising:

a relation calculating step of calculating a relation between first partial data and second partial data of the coded data; and

a decoding step of decoding the coded data into the original, first data by rearranging at least the second partial data of the coded data based on the calculated relation, and for decoding the second data that is embedded in the coded data according to the rearrangement.

36. The storage medium according to claim 35, wherein the relation calculating step calculates the relation in terms of continuity between the first partial data and the second partial data of the coded data.

37. The storage medium according to claim 35, wherein the decoding step rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data so that they come adjacent to each other, when the relation between the first partial data and the second partial data is strongest.

38. The storage medium according to claim 35, wherein the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data, and wherein the decoding step rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data on a column-by-column basis or row-by-row basis.

39. The storage medium according to claim 35, wherein part of the coded data is prohibited from being subjected to the rearrangement.

40. The storage medium according to claim 35, wherein the decoding step determines a rearrangement pattern of the rearrangement of at least the second partial data of the coded data, and employs a value corresponding to the rearrangement pattern as the second data.

41. A signal having a program that is capable of controlling a computer and serves to code first data according to second data, the program comprising:

a storing step of storing at least partial data of the first data; and

a coding step of embedding the second data into the first data by rearranging the stored at least partial data of the first data according to the second data and producing coded data, the rearrangement of the at least partial data of the first data being associated with the second data and wherein the first data and the second data can be decoded from the coded data.

42. The signal according to claim 41, wherein the program further comprises the step of allowing input of the first data and the second data.

43. The signal according to claim 41, wherein:

the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data;

the storing step stores the image data; and

the coding step embeds rearrangement the second data into the image data by rearranging, according to the second data, positions of sets of one or more pixel data constituting the stored image data.

44. The signal according to claim 43, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data in a frame of the image data.

45. The signal according to claim 43, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of pixel data constituting the image data, each of the sets of pixel data constituting one column or one row.

46. The signal according to claim 43, wherein the coding step rearranges the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data constituting the image data according to numbers of pixels corresponding to values of the second data.

47. The signal according to claim 41, wherein part of the first data is prohibited from being subjected to the data rearrangement.

48. A signal having a program that is capable of controlling a computer and serves to decode coded data that has been produced by coding first data according to second data, the program comprising:

a relation calculating step of calculating a relation between first partial data and second partial data of the coded data; and

a decoding step of decoding the coded data into the original, first data by rearranging at least the second partial data of the coded data based on the calculated relation, and for decoding the second data that is embedded in the coded data according to the rearrangement.

49. The signal according to claim 48, wherein the relation calculating step calculates the relation in terms of continuity between the first partial data and the second partial data of the coded data.

50. The signal according to claim 48, wherein the decoding step rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data so that they come adjacent to each other, when the relation between the first partial data and the second partial data is strongest.

51. The signal according to claim 48, wherein the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data, and wherein the decoding step rearranges at least the second partial data of the coded data on a column-by-column basis or row-by-row basis.

52. The signal according to claim 48, wherein part of the coded data is prohibited from being subjected to the rearrangement.

53. The signal according to claim 48, wherein the decoding step determines a rearrangement pattern of the rearrangement of at least the second partial data of the coded data, and employs a value corresponding to the rearrangement pattern as the second data.

54. A signal having first data that has been coded according to second data by using a program capable of controlling a computer, the program comprising:

a storing step of storing at least partial data of the first data; and

a coding step of embedding the second data into the first data by rearranging the stored at least partial data of the first data according to the second data and producing coded data, the rearrangement of the at least partial data of the first data being associated with the second data and wherein the first data and the second data can be decoded from the coded data.

55. The signal according to claim 54, wherein the program further comprises the step of allowing input of the first data and the second data.

56. The signal according to claim 54, wherein:

the first data is image data consisting of a plurality of pixel data;

the storing step stores the image data; and

the coding step embeds the second data into the image data by rearranging, according to the second data, positions of sets of one or more pixel data constituting the stored image data.

57. The signal according to claim 56, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data in a frame of the image data.

58. The signal according to claim 56, wherein the coding step rearranges, according to the second data, the positions of the sets of pixel data constituting the image data, each of the sets of pixel data constituting one column or one row.

59. The signal according to claim 56, wherein the coding step rearranges the positions of the sets of one or more pixel data constituting the image data according to numbers of pixels corresponding to values of the second data.

60. The signal according to claim 54, wherein part of the first data is prohibited from being subjected to the data rearrangement.