Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
First Claim
1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a cylindrical conductive support, and provided thereon a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order, which cylindrical conductive support has an outer diameter of less than 30 mm, wherein;
- the difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion α
1 measured from the top of the protective layer and a coefficient of thermal expansion α
2 measured after the protective layer has been removed, |α
1−
α
2|, is more than 5.0×
10−
7°
C.−
1 to less than 1.0×
10−
4°
C.−
1; and
the modulus of elastic deformation We % measured from the top of the protective layer is more than 30% to less than 60%.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
In an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a cylindrical support, and provided thereon a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order, which cylindrical support has an outer diameter of less than 30 mm, the difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion α1 measured from the top of the protective layer and a coefficient of thermal expansion α2 measured after the protective layer has been removed, |α1−α2|, is more than 5.0×10−7° C.−1 to less than 1.0×10−4° C.−1, and the modulus of elastic deformation We % measured from the top of the protective layer is more than 30% to less than 60%. Also disclosed are a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which have such an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
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Citations
27 Claims
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1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a cylindrical conductive support, and provided thereon a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order, which cylindrical conductive support has an outer diameter of less than 30 mm, wherein;
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the difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion α
1 measured from the top of the protective layer and a coefficient of thermal expansion α
2 measured after the protective layer has been removed, |α
1−
α
2|, is more than 5.0×
10−
7°
C.−
1 to less than 1.0×
10−
4°
C.−
1; and
the modulus of elastic deformation We % measured from the top of the protective layer is more than 30% to less than 60%. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24)
wherein A11 to A18 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, provided that the proportion of the total number b of the hydrogen atoms in the total number a of A'"'"'s, b/a, ranges from 0.001 or more to 0.5 or less; and
n11 is an integer of 0 or more.
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13. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein said protective layer contains lubricating particles.
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14. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 13, wherein said lubricating particles are particles selected from the group consisting of fluorine-atom-containing resin particles, silicone resin particles, silica particles and alumina particles.
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15. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein said protective layer contains at least a charge-transporting material, and the charge-transporting material has a hydroxyl group in the molecule.
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16. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 15, wherein said charge-transporting material has at least one of a hydroxyalkyl group and a hydroxyalkoxyl group in the molecule.
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17. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 16, wherein said charge-transporting material having at least one of a hydroxyalkyl group and a hydroxyalkoxyl group in the molecule has structure represented by any one of the following Formulas (2) to (4):
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wherein R21, R22 and R23 each independently represent a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and which may be branched;
the benzene rings α
, β and
γ
may each independently have as a substituent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group; and
letter symbols a, b, d, m and n each independently represent 0 or 1;
wherein R31, R32 and R33 each independently represent a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and which may be branched;
the benzene rings δ and
ε
may each independently have as a substituent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
letter symbols e, f and g each independently represent 0 or 1;
letter symbols p, q and r each independently represent 0 or 1, provided that a case in which all of them are simultaneously 0 is excluded; and
Z31 and Z32 each independently represent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, or may combine to form a ring; and
wherein R41, R42, R43 and R44 each independently represent a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and which may be branched;
the benzene rings ζ
, η
, θ and
ι
may each independently have as a substituent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
letter symbols h, i, j, k, s, t and u each independently represent 0 or 1; and
Z41 and Z42 each independently represent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, or may combine to form a ring.
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18. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein said protective layer contains at least a charge-transporting material, and the charge-transporting material has a hydroxyphenyl group in the molecule.
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19. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 18, wherein said charge-transporting material having a hydroxyphenyl group in the molecule has structure represented by any one of the following Formulas (5) to (7):
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wherein R51 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and which may be branched;
R52 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group;
Ar51 and Ar52 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
Ar53 represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aromatic heterocyclic group;
letter symbols v and w each independently represent 0 or 1, provided that w is 0 when v is 0; and
the benzene rings κ and
λ
may each independently have as a substituent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
wherein R61 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and which may be branched;
Ar61 and Ar62 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
letter symbol x represents 0 or 1; and
the benzene rings μ and
ν
may each independently have as a substituent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, or the benzene rings μ and
ν
may combine via a substituent to form a ring;
wherein R71 and R72 each independently represent a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and which may be branched;
Ar71 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
letter symbols y and z each independently represent 0 or 1; and
the benzene ring ξ
, π
, ρ and
σ
may each independently have as a substituent a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group;
or the benzene rings ξ and
π and
the benzene rings ρ and
σ
may each in dependently combine via a substituent to form a ring.
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20. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, which is an electrophotographic photosensitive member used for an electrophotographic apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging means, an exposure means, a developing means and a transfer means;
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said charging means being a contact charging means having a charging member provided in contact with said electrophotographic photosensitive member;
said charging member being a contact charging member to which only a direct-current voltage is applied to charge said electrophotographic photosensitive member electrostatically.
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21. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 20, which is used for an electrophotographic apparatus and wherein;
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said contact charging member is a member comprising i) charging particles for coming into contact with said electrophotographic photosensitive member and ii) a charging-particle-holding member having a surface which has conductivity and elasticity for holding thereon said charging particles;
said charging particles having a particle diameter of from 10 nm to 10 μ
m; and
said contact charging means is an injection charging means in which electric charges are directly injected to said electrophotographic photosensitive member surface by means of said charging particles to charge said electrophotographic photosensitive member electrostatically.
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24. The process cartridge according to claim 2, wherein;
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said contact charging member is a member comprising i) charging particles for coming into contact with said electrophotographic photosensitive member and ii) a charging-particle-holding member having a surface which has conductivity and elasticity for holding thereon said charging particles;
said charging particles having a particle diameter of from 10 nm to 10 μ
m; and
said contact charging means is an injection charging means in which electric charges are directly injected to the electrophotographic photosensitive member surface by means of said charging particles to charge said electrophotographic photosensitive member electrostatically.
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22. A process cartridge comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means, a transfer means and a cleaning means which are integrally supported, and being detachably mountable to the main body of an electrophotographic apparatus, wherein;
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said electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a cylindrical conductive support, and provided thereon a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order, which cylindrical conductive support has an outer diameter of less than 30 mm, wherein;
the difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion α
1 measured from the top of the protective layer and a coefficient of thermal expansion α
2 measured after the protective layer has been removed, |α
1−
α
2|, is more than 5.0×
10−
7°
C.−
1 to less than 1.0×
10−
4°
C.−
1; and
the modulus of elastic deformation We % measured from the top of the protective layer is more than 30% to less than 60%. - View Dependent Claims (23)
said charging member being a contact charging member to which only a direct-current voltage is applied to charge said electrophotographic photosensitive member electrostatically.
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25. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging means, an exposure means, a developing means and a transfer means, wherein;
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said electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a cylindrical conductive support, and provided thereon a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order, which cylindrical conductive support has an outer diameter of less than 30 mm, wherein;
the difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion α
1 measured from the top of the protective layer and a coefficient of thermal expansion α
2 measured after the protective layer has been removed, |α
1−
α
2|, is more than 5.0×
10−
7°
C.−
1 to less than 1.0×
104°
C.−
1; and
the modulus of elastic deformation We % measured from the top of the protective layer is more than 30% to less than 60%. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27)
said charging member being a contact charging member to which only a direct-current voltage is applied to charge said electrophotographic photosensitive member electrostatically.
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27. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 25, wherein;
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said contact charging member is a member comprising i) charging particles for coming into contact with said electrophotographic photosensitive member and ii) a charging-particle-holding member having a surface which has conductivity and elasticity for holding thereon said charging particles;
said charging particles having a particle diameter of from 10 nm to 10 μ
m; and
said contact charging means is an injection charging means in which electric charges are directly injected to the electrophotographic photosensitive member surface by means of said charging particles to charge said electrophotographic photosensitive member electrostatically.
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Specification