Supply voltage comparator

• US 6,812,747 B2
• Filed: 04/22/2003
• Issued: 11/02/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: STMicroelectronics SA (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Original Assignee: STMicroelectronics SA (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Inventors: Giovinazzi, Thierry, La Rosa, Francesco, Ganivet, Filipe
• Primary Examiner(s): TON, MY TRANG
• Application Number:
  US10/420,342
• Publication Number:
  US 20040032243A1
• Time in Patent Office: 560 Days
• Field of Search: 323/315, 327/53, 327/56, 327/58-63, 327/66, 327/68-72, 327/81-82, 327/90, 327/536-543, 327/546, 327/589
• US Class Current: 327/66
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 3/262 using field-effect transistors only
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 16/30 Power supply circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 5/143 Detection of memory cassette insertion or removal; Continuity checks of supply or ground lines; Detection of supply variations, interruptions or levels G11C5/148 takes precedence; Switching between alternative supplies G11C5/141 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11C 5/147 Voltage reference generators, voltage or current regulators; Internally lowered supply levels; Compensation for voltage drops G11C5/141 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/302 in field-effect transistor switches

Abstract

A comparator compares a first voltage applied to a first input to a second voltage applied to a second input. The comparator delivers an output signal having a first value when the second voltage is higher than the first voltage, and having a second value when the second voltage is lower than the first voltage. The comparator includes first and second PMOS transistors arranged as current mirrors. The first PMOS transistor has its source connected to the first input of the comparator for receiving the first voltage. The second PMOS transistor has its source connected to the second input of the comparator for receiving the second voltage. The output of the comparator is connected to the drain of one of the transistors.

Claims

1. A comparator comprising:

first and second inputs for respectively receiving first and second voltages;

first and second PMOS transistors arranged as current mirrors, each PMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain;

said first PMOS transistor having its source connected to the first input for receiving the first voltage, and said second PMOS transistor having its source connected to the second input for receiving the second voltage;

a first current source connected in series with said first PMOS transistor for defining a first branch of the comparator;

a second current source connected in series with said second PMOS transistor for defining a second branch of the comparator; and

an output of the comparator connected between one of the drains of said first and second PMOS transistors and the corresponding first or second current source connected in series therewith for providing an output signal based upon a comparison of the first and second voltages, the output signal having a first value when the second voltage is higher than the first voltage and a second value when the second voltage is lower than the first voltage.

2. A comparator according to claim 1, wherein the gates of said first and second PMOS transistors are connected together.

3. A comparator according to claim 1, wherein said first PMOS transistor has its gate connected to its drain;

and wherein the output is connected to the drain of said second PMOS transistor.

4. A comparator according to claim 1, wherein said first and second PMOS transistors each comprise a body, wherein said first PMOS transistor has its body connected to its source, and wherein said second PMOS transistor has its body connected to its source.

5. A comparator according to claim 1, wherein the gates of said first and second PMOS transistors have the same dimensions.

6. A comparator according to claim 1, wherein said first current source comprises a first NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain;

wherein said second current source comprises a second NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain; and

wherein the drain of said first PMOS transistor is connected to the drain of said first NMOS transistor;

the drain of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the drain of said second NMOS transistor;

the gates of said first and second NMOS transistors are connected together for receiving a voltage reference so that the current in the first and second branches are substantially equal or proportional to one another.

7. An integrated circuit comprising:

a terminal for receiving an external supply voltage;

a comparator comprising

first and second inputs for respectively receiving the external supply voltage and an internal supply voltage,

first and second PMOS transistors arranged as current mirrors, each PMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain,

said first PMOS transistor having its source connected to the first input for receiving a first voltage, and said second PMOS transistor having its source connected to the second input for receiving a second voltage, and

an output of the comparator connected to the drain of one of said first and second PMOS transistors for providing an output signal based upon a comparison of the external and internal supply voltages, the output signal having a first value when the internal supply voltage is higher than the external supply voltage and a second value when the internal supply voltage is lower than the external supply voltage; and

a booster circuit connected to the terminal for receiving the external supply voltage;

a power switch connected to the terminal for receiving the external supply voltage and being driven by the output signal; and

a distribution line for providing the internal supply voltage, said distribution line connected to said booster circuit and to said power switch.

8. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein the gates of said first and second PMOS transistors are connected together.

9. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein said first PMOS transistor has its gate connected to its drain;

and wherein the output is connected to the drain of said second PMOS transistor.

10. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein said first and second PMOS transistors each comprise a body, wherein said first PMOS transistor has its body connected to its source, and wherein said second PMOS transistor has its body connected to its source.

11. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein the gates of said first and second PMOS transistors have the same dimensions.

12. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein said comparator further comprises:

a first current source connected in series with said first PMOS transistor for defining a first branch of the comparator; and

a second current source connected in series with said second PMOS transistor for defining a second branch of the comparator.

13. An integrated circuit according to claim 12, wherein said first current source comprises a first NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain;

wherein said second current source comprises a second NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain; and

wherein the drain of said first PMOS transistor is connected to the drain of said first NMOS transistor;

the drain of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the drain of said second NMOS transistor;

the gates of said first and second NMOS transistors are connected together for receiving a voltage reference so that the current in the first and second branches are substantially equal or proportional to one another.

14. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, further comprising a control circuit for activating said booster circuit when the internal supply voltage is lower than a threshold so as to maintain the internal supply voltage close to the threshold when the external supply voltage is too low;

said power switch being blocked by said comparator when said at least one booster circuit is active.

15. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein said power switch comprises a PMOS transistor comprising a gate for receiving the output signal.

16. An integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein said booster circuit comprises a charge pump.

17. An integrated circuit according to claim 14, further comprising:

an array of electrically erasable and programmable memory cells; and

at least one line decoder connected to said distribution line for receiving the internal supply voltage.

18. An integrated circuit according to claim 17, wherein the threshold is higher than or equal to a sum of a memory cell read voltage and a MOS transistor threshold voltage.

19. An integrated circuit according to claim 17, further comprising a regulator connected to said booster circuit and to said distribution line, said regulator having two modes of operation for performing the following:

taking the internal supply voltage to a high erasing or programming voltage during phases of erasing or programming memory cells; and

maintaining the internal supply voltage close to the threshold when the external supply voltage is too low, at least during phases of reading memory cells.

20. A memory comprising:

an array of memory cells; and

a power supply management circuit connected to said array of memory cells for providing an internal supply voltage and comprising

a charge pump connected to an external supply voltage,

a distribution line connected to said charge pump and providing the internal supply voltage,

a diode circuit connected between said distribution line and the external supply voltage, said diode circuit comprising a comparator comprising

first and second inputs for respectively receiving the external supply voltage and the internal supply voltage,

first and second PMOS transistors arranged as current mirrors, each PMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and, a drain,

said first PMOS transistor having its source connected to the first input for receiving the external supply voltage, and said second PMOS transistor having its source connected to the second input for receiving the internal supply voltage, and

an output of the compartor connected to the drain of said second PMOS transistors for providing an output signal based upon a comparison of the external and internal supply voltages, the output signal having a first value when the internal supply voltage is higher than the external supply voltage and a second value when the internal supply voltage is lower than the external supply voltage,

said diode circuit being blocked when the external supply voltage is too low.

21. A memory according to claim 20, wherein the gates of said first and second PMOS transistors are connected together.

22. A memory according to claim 20, wherein said first PMOS transistor has its gate connected to its drain.

23. A memory according to claim 20, wherein said comparator further comprises:

a first current source connected in series with said first PMOS transistor for defining a first branch of the comparator; and

a second current source connected in series with said second PMOS transistor for defining a second branch of the comparator.

24. A memory according to claim 23, wherein said first current source comprises a first NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain;

wherein said second current source comprises a second NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain; and

wherein the drain of said first PMOS transistor is connected to the drain of said first NMOS transistor;

the drain of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the drain of said second NMOS transistor;

the gates of said first and second NMOS transistors are connected together for receiving a voltage reference so that the current in the first and second branches are substantially equal or proportional to one another.

25. A memory according to claim 24, wherein said power supply management circuit further comprises a power switch connected to the external supply voltage and being driven by the output signal.

26. A memory according to claim 25, wherein said power supply management circuit further comprises an activation circuit for activating said charge pump when the internal supply voltage is lower than a threshold so as to maintain the internal supply voltage close to the threshold when the external supply voltage is too low;

said power switch being blocked by said comparator when said charge pump is active.

27. A memory according to claim 26, in said power supply management circuit further comprises a regulator connected to said charge pump and to said distribution line, said regulator having two modes of operation for performing the following:

taking the internal supply voltage to a high erasing or programming voltage during phases of erasing or programming memory cells; and

maintaining the internal supply voltage close to the threshold when the external supply voltage is too low, at least during phases of reading memory cells.

28. A method for making a comparator comprising:

connecting a first PMOS transistor to a first input, and connecting a second PMOS transistors to a second input, the first and second PMOS transistor being connected together as current mirrors, each PMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain;

the first PMOS transistor having its source connected to the first input for receiving the first voltage, and the second PMOS transistor having its source connected to the second input for receiving the second voltage;

connecting a first current source in series with the first PMOS transistor for defining a first branch of the comparator;

connecting a second current source in series with the second PMOS transistor for defining a second branch of the comparator; and

forming an output of the comparator connected between the drain of one of the first and second PMOS transistors and the corresponding first or second current source connected in series therewith for providing an output signal based upon a comparison of the first and second voltages, the output signal having a first value when the second voltage is higher than the first voltage and a second value when the second voltage is lower than the first voltage.

29. A method according to claim 28, further comprising connecting the gate and the drain of the first PMOS transistor together;

and wherein the output is connected to the drain of the second PMOS transistor.

30. A method according to claim 28, wherein the gates of the first and second PMOS transistors have the same dimensions.

31. A method according to claim 28, wherein the first current source comprises a first NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain;

wherein the second current source comprises a second NMOS transistor comprising a gate, a source and a drain; and

further comprising;

connecting the drain of the first PMOS transistor to the drain of the first NMOS transistor;

connecting the drain of the second PMOS transistor to the drain of the second NMOS transistor; and

connecting the gates of the first and second NMOS transistors together for receiving a voltage reference so that the current in the first and second branches are substantially equal or proportional to one another.