RF power amplifier and methods for improving the efficiency thereof

• US 6,825,719 B1
• Filed: 05/26/2000
• Issued: 11/30/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Hasson, Jaime, Rainish, Doron, Barak, Ilan
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, KHANH V
• Application Number:
  US09/579,528
• Time in Patent Office: 1,649 Days
• Field of Search: 330/107, 330/124.R, 330/129, 330/136, 330/124, 455/126, 455/127
• US Class Current: 330/129
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0294 using vector summing of two or more constant amplitude phase-modulated signals

Abstract

A radio frequency power amplifier characterized by an efficiency and operative to produce an output signal at a desired output power includes an outphasing system with shunt reactance and a controller. The outphasing system with shunt reactance has a variable phase and is operative to produce the output signal from an input signal. The controller is operative to control the variable phase and the amplitude of the input signal in order to achieve high efficiency at low desired output powers. A method for controlling the output power of a radio frequency power amplifier includes reducing the power of an input signal to the power amplifier when a desired output power is below a threshold and performing outphasing when the desired output power is not below the threshold.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

varying the power of an input signal to an outphasing system at a first range of output power values; and

adjusting a phase of said outphasing system at a second range of output power values.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said outphasing system has shunt reactance.

3. A method comprising:

varying the power of an input signal to a power amplifier when a desired output power is below a threshold; and

performing outphasing when said desired power is at said threshold and above said threshold.

4. A method comprising:

providing a first method of power control in a radio frequency power amplifier for a desired output power at a first range of power values which is below a threshold; and

providing a second method of power control in said power amplifier for a desired output power at a second range of power values which is above or at said threshold.

5. A method comprising:

providing a first method of power control in a radio frequency power amplifier for a desired output power at a first range of power values which is below a threshold; and

providing a second method of power control in said power amplifier for a desired output power at a second range of power values which is above or at said threshold,

wherein said first method is reducing the power of an input signal to said power amplifier and said second method is outphasing.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said outphasing is setting at least one phase value from a collection of discrete phase values.

7. The method claim 6, wherein said outphasing is setting at least one phase value from a collection of discrete phase values.

8. A method comprising:

providing a first method of power control in a radio frequency power amplifier for a desired power at a first range of power values which is below a threshold; and

providing a second method of power control in said power amplifier for a desired output power at a second range of power values which is above or at said threshold,

wherein said first method is reducing the power of an input signal to said power amplifier and said second method is outphasing and reducing the power of the input signal.

9. A method comprising:

modifying the amplitude of an input signal to an outphasing system having shunt reactance.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said outphasing system is coupled to at least one of a radio frequency (RF) preamplifier and to an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and said modifying comprises:

adjusting a gain of at least one of said RF preamplifier and said IF amplifier.

11. A method comprising:

modifying the amplitude of input to at least one of two branch amplifiers of an outphasing system having shunt reactance.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein a first of said two branch amplifiers is coupled to a first radio frequency preamplifier and a second of said two branch amplifiers is coupled to a second radio frequency preamplifier and said modifying comprises:

adjusting a gain of said first radio frequency preamplifier and adjusting a gain of said second radio frequency preamplifier.

13. A method comprising:

modifying the input to an outphasing system having shunt reactance; and

performing bias control in said outphasing system.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein said performing comprises:

reducing an internal bias current of at least one branch amplifier in said outphasing system.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein said performing comprises:

reducing a supply voltage of at least one branch amplifier in said outphasing system.

16. A radio frequency (RF) power amplifier comprising:

a controller coupled to an outphasing system to provide a variation of the power of an input signal to said outphasing system at a first range of output power values and to provide an adjustment of a phase of the outphasing system at a second range of output power.

17. The RF power amplifier of claim 16, wherein said outphasing system further comprises a shunt reactance.

18. A radio frequency (RF) power amplifier comprising:

a controller coupled to an outphasing system to provide a variation of the power of an input signal to said outphasing system when a desired output power is below a threshold and said controller performs outphasing when said desired output power is at said threshold and above said threshold.

19. The RF power amplifier of claim 18, wherein said outphasing system further comprises a shunt reactance and at least two phase shifters and wherein said controller is coupled to said phase shifters to provide each of said phase shifters with a phase value.

20. The RF power amplifier of claim 19, wherein said outphasing system has a peak efficiency at an upper power and at a lower power, wherein said threshold is said lower power.

21. The RF power amplifier of claim 19, wherein said outphasing system is coupled to at least one of a radio frequency (RF) preamplifier and to an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and said controller is coupled to at least one of said RF preamplifier and said IF amplifier to provide an adjustment of a gain of said at least one of said RF preamplifier and said IF amplifier.

22. The RF power amplifier of claim 18, wherein said outphasing system comprises at least two phase shifters and said controller is coupled to said at least two phase shifters to provide a collection of discrete phase values to said at least two phase shifters.

23. The RF power amplifier of claim 22, wherein said outphasing system comprises a shunt reactance and has a peak efficiency at an upper power and at a lower power, wherein said threshold is said lower power.

24. The RF power amplifier of claim 22, wherein the outphasing system is coupled to at least one of a radio frequency (RF) preamplifier and an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and said controller is coupled to at least one of said RF preamplifier and said IF amplifier to provide an adjustment of a gain of at least one of said RF preamplifier and IF amplifier.

25. A radio frequency (RF) power amplifier comprising:

a controller coupled to at least one of a radio frequency (RF) preamplifier and an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and to an outphasing system having shunt reactance to provide a modification of the amplitude of an input signal to said outphasing system.

26. The RF power amplifier of claim 25, wherein said outphasing system comprises:

a splitter coupled to at least two RF preamplifiers;

at least two phase shifters each coupled to a respective one of said at least two RF preamplifiers; and

at least two branch amplifiers each coupled to a respective one of said at least two phase shifters;

wherein said controller is coupled to at least one of said at least two RF preamplifiers to provide a gain modification of said at least one of said at least two RF preamplifiers.

27. A radio frequency (RF) power amplifier comprising:

an outphasing system having shunt reactance coupled to a controller wherein said controller is coupled to said outphasing system to provide a modification of an input signal to said outphasing system and to perform bias control in said outphasing system.

28. The RF power amplifier of claim 27, wherein said outphasing system comprises at least one branch amplifier and said controller is coupled to said outphasing system to reduce an internal bias current of said at least one branch amplifier.

29. The RF power amplifier of claim 27, wherein said outphasing system comprises at least one branch amplifier and said controller is coupled to said outphasing system to reduce a supply voltage of said at least one branch amplifier.

30. A method comprising:

when a desired output power is below a threshold, setting a variable phase of an outphasing system having shunt reactance to a fixed value and reducing the power of an input signal to a power amplifier including said outphasing system; and

performing outphasing when said desired output power is at said threshold and above said threshold.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein said outphasing system has a peak efficiency at an upper power at a first value of said variable phase and at a lower power at a second value of said variable phase, wherein said threshold is said lower power and said fixed value is said second value.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein said outphasing system is coupled to at least one of a radio frequency (RF) preamplifier and to an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and reducing the power of the input signal comprises:

lowering a gain of at least one of said RF preamplifier and said IF amplifier.

33. The method of claim 30, wherein said variable phase is a collection of discrete phase values.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein said outphasing system has a peak efficiency at an upper power at a first value of said variable phase and at a lower power at a second value of said variable phase, wherein said threshold is said lower power and said fixed value is said second value.

35. The method of claim 33, wherein said outphasing system is coupled to at least one of a radio frequency (RF) preamplifier and to an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and reducing the power of the input signal comprises:

lowering a gain of at least one of said RF preamplifier and said IF amplifier.