Plastic structural element with inserts
First Claim
1. A plastic structural element, comprising:
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix-forming plastic;
an insert having a length embedded in the matrix-forming plastic and a length that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material whereby the length of the insert that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material forms a connection for connecting attachment means, the insert exhibiting different values of at least one of elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficients compared to the fiber reinforced plastic material; and
a plastic coupling layer arranged on a surface of the insert to join the insert to the fiber reinforced plastic material, the coupling layer being an intermediate layer of fiber-reinforced plastic, the fibers of which are not embedded in the matrix-forming plastic of the plastic structural element, the coupling layer being of a material different from the fiber reinforced plastic material of the plastic structural element, and having a volume fraction of fibers, type of fibers, length of fibers and alignment of fibers or fiber layers so that at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion changes through the coupling layer whereby the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are equilibrated so that differences in at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion at an interface between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are minimized.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Inserts of metal in the plastic of a plastic structural element are coated with a coupling layer of fibre-reinforced plastic, which reduces the abrupt change in stiffness and/or coefficient of thermal expansion at the joining interfaces in the metal-plastic composite. By altering the volume fraction of fibres and/or by different orientation of the fibre layers within the coupling layers, a gradual change in the E-modulus and the thermal expansion coefficient are produced, as a result of which abrupt changes in these values at the composite interfaces can be avoided. The sudden change in stiffness between the plastic material and the metal inset also reduced by reducing the stiffness of the insert, which again is achieved by specific choice of shape. Preferred, in particular, is a finger-shaped fanning out of the insert in the plastic material.
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Citations
43 Claims
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1. A plastic structural element, comprising:
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix-forming plastic;
an insert having a length embedded in the matrix-forming plastic and a length that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material whereby the length of the insert that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material forms a connection for connecting attachment means, the insert exhibiting different values of at least one of elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficients compared to the fiber reinforced plastic material; and
a plastic coupling layer arranged on a surface of the insert to join the insert to the fiber reinforced plastic material, the coupling layer being an intermediate layer of fiber-reinforced plastic, the fibers of which are not embedded in the matrix-forming plastic of the plastic structural element, the coupling layer being of a material different from the fiber reinforced plastic material of the plastic structural element, and having a volume fraction of fibers, type of fibers, length of fibers and alignment of fibers or fiber layers so that at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion changes through the coupling layer whereby the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are equilibrated so that differences in at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion at an interface between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are minimized. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix-forming plastic;
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42. A plastic structural element, comprising:
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix—
forming plastic;
an insert having a length embedded in the matrix—
forming plastic and a length that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material whereby the length of the insert that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material forms a connection for connecting attachment means, the insert exhibiting different values of at least one of elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficients compared to the fiber reinforced plastic material; and
a plastic coupling layer arranged on a surface of the insert to join the insert to the fiber reinforced plastic material, the coupling layer being an intermediate layer of fiber reinforced plastic, the fibers of which are not embedded in the matrix—
forming plastic of the plastic structural element, the coupling layer being of a material different from the fiber reinforced plastic material of the plastic structural element, and having a volume fraction of fibers, type of fibers, length of fibers and alignment of fibers or fiber layers so that at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion changes through the coupling layer whereby the elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are equilibrated so that differences in at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion at an interface between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are minimized; and
the plastic structural element exhibiting the following feature;
the insert having at least one aperture through which at least one of reinforcing fibers, fiber strands and textile type materials are looped and are embedded in and intermittently joined to the plastic matrix of the plastic structural element at its free end so as to anchor the insert in the plastic material.
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix—
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43. A plastic structural element, comprising:
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix—
forming plastic;
an insert having a length embedded in the matrix—
forming plastic and a length that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material whereby the length of the insert that projects from the fiber reinforced plastic material forms a connection for connecting attachment means, the insert exhibiting different values of at least one of elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficients compared to the fiber reinforced plastic material; and
a plastic coupling layer arranged on a surface of the insert to join the insert to the fiber reinforced plastic material, the coupling layer being an intermediate layer of fiber reinforced plastic, the fibers of which are not embedded in the matrix—
forming plastic of the plastic structural element, the coupling layer being of a material different from the fiber reinforced plastic material of the plastic structural element, and having a volume fraction of fibers, type of fibers, length of fibers and alignment of fibers or fiber layers so that at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion changes through the coupling layer whereby the elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are equilibrated so that differences in at least one of the elastic modulus and the coefficient of thermal expansion at an interface between the fiber reinforced plastic material and the insert are minimized; and
the plastic structural element exhibiting the following feature;
the embedded length of the insert is one of strip—
shaped and finger—
shaped with a plurality of strips or fingers configured so as to reduce a geometrical movement of inertia of the embedded length, the strips or fingers one of lie parallel, are comb—
shaped and fan—
shaped.
- a fiber reinforced plastic material with a matrix—
Specification