Detection and recognition of objects by multispectral sensing
First Claim
1. A method for detection and recognition of an object that includes a plurality of sub-objects, the sub-object having a plurality of unique physical parameters;
- said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the method comprising the steps of;
(a) acquiring electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the selected region in at least two spectral bands by measuring it in at least one time, each time in said spectral bands, thus obtaining at least two readings;
(b) recording the acquired electromagnetic radiation data by means of a suitable radiation data recording means;
(c) storing the recorded electromagnetic radiation data in a suitable electromagnetic radiation data storage means;
(d) deriving descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the electromagnetic radiation data stored in said suitable electromagnetic radiation data storage means; and
(e) classifying the pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by pattern recognition processor means, the classifying by sorting the pixels into classes comprising the steps of describing statistical distribution of the pixels by using a poly-Gauss expansion; and
calculating probabilities of association of the pixels with the classes by using Bayes'"'"' formula, whereby the desired object detection and recognition are achieved.
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Abstract
A method and a system for determining temperature and/or emissivity of an object by remote sensing are described. Based on the concept of temperature and emissivity determination, there are also developed a method and a system for the detection and recognition of an object that includes a plurality of sub-objects. The method for the detection and recognition of an object comprises acquiring, inter alia, electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from a selected region in at least two spectral bands, recording and storing the required electromagnetic radiation data, deriving descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the stored data and classifying the pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by pattern recognition processor means.
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Citations
32 Claims
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1. A method for detection and recognition of an object that includes a plurality of sub-objects, the sub-object having a plurality of unique physical parameters;
- said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the method comprising the steps of;
(a) acquiring electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the selected region in at least two spectral bands by measuring it in at least one time, each time in said spectral bands, thus obtaining at least two readings;
(b) recording the acquired electromagnetic radiation data by means of a suitable radiation data recording means;
(c) storing the recorded electromagnetic radiation data in a suitable electromagnetic radiation data storage means;
(d) deriving descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the electromagnetic radiation data stored in said suitable electromagnetic radiation data storage means; and
(e) classifying the pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by pattern recognition processor means, the classifying by sorting the pixels into classes comprising the steps of describing statistical distribution of the pixels by using a poly-Gauss expansion; and
calculating probabilities of association of the pixels with the classes by using Bayes'"'"' formula,whereby the desired object detection and recognition are achieved. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
- said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the method comprising the steps of;
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2. A method for detection and recognition of an object that includes a plurality of sub-objects, the sub-object having a plurality of unique physical parameters;
- said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the method comprising the steps of;
(a) acquiring electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the selected region in at least two spectral bands by measuring it in at least one time, each time in said spectral bands, thus obtaining at least two readings;
(b) recording the acquired electromagnetic radiation data by means of a suitable radiation data recording means;
(c) storing the recorded electromagnetic radiation data in a suitable data storage means;
(d) acquiring meteorological data indicative of climatic conditions of the selected region on the ground and the surrounding atmosphere;
(e) recording the meteorological data by means of a suitable meteorological data recording means;
(f) storing the meteorological data in suitable meteorological data storage means, (g) deriving descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the electromagnetic radiation data stored in said suitable electromagnetic data storage means and the meteorological data stored in said suitable meteorological data storage means; and
(h) classifying the pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by pattern recognition processor means, the classifying by sorting the pixels into classes comprising the steps of describing statistical distribution of the pixels by using a poly-Gauss expansion; and
calculating probabilities of association of the pixels with the classes by using Bayes'"'"' formula,whereby the desired object detection and recognition are achieved. - View Dependent Claims (5)
- said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the method comprising the steps of;
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17. A system for detection and recognition of an object that include a plurality of sub-objects, said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the system comprising:
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(a) means for acquiring and recording electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the selected region having at least one sensor;
(b) means for acquiring and recording meteorological data indicative of climatic conditions of the selected region on the ground and the surrounding atmosphere;
(c) storage means coupled with the acquiring and recording means for storing the electromagnetic radiation and meteorological data, (d) a processor coupled with said storage means for deriving descriptive maps of the selected region from the stored meteorological and electromagnetic radiation data, descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the stored electromagnetic radiation data; and
(e) a pattern recognition processor means being in communication with said processor for classifying pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by sorting the pixels into classes, the classifying by using a poly-Gauss expansion in order to describe the statistical distribution of the pixels and the Bayes'"'"' formula in order to calculate the probabilities of association of the pixels with the classes. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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31. A system for detection and recognition of an object that include a plurality of sub-objects, said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the system comprising:
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(a) a means for acquiring and recording electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the selected region having at least one sensor;
(b) a storage means coupled with the acquiring and recording means for storing the electromagnetic radiation data;
(c) a processor coupled with said storage means for deriving descriptive maps of the selected region from the stored electromagnetic radiation data descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the stored electromagnetic radiation data; and
(d) a pattern recognition processor means being in communication with said processor for classifying pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by sorting the pixels into classes, the classifying by using a poly-Gauss expansion in order to describe the statistical distribution of the pixels and the Bayes'"'"' formula in order to calculate the probabilities of association of the pixels with the classes. wherein said pattern recognition processor means are capable of extracting physical information from the recorded data, said physical information characterizing heating and cooling processes that take place on a ground surface and below it by applying an equation of energy balance and a set of thermophysical constants, processing the information for detecting thermophysical inhomogeneous regions, the regions having different thermal properties in the region selected for scanning, and classifying the inhomogeneous regions by said pattern recognition processor means, thereby providing identification and display of the underground structures.
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32. A system for detection and recognition of an object that include a plurality of sub-objects, said object located in a selected region, and said sub-objects having a background, the system comprising:
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(a) a means for acquiring and recording electromagnetic radiation data of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the selected region having at least one sensor;
(b) a storage means coupled with the acquiring and recording means for storing the electromagnetic radiation data;
(c) a processor coupled with said storage means for deriving descriptive maps of the selected region from the stored electromagnetic radiation data, descriptive maps constituted by pixels of the selected region from the stored electromagnetic radiation data and (d) a pattern recognition processor means being in communication with said processor for classifying pixels of said descriptive maps of said selected region by sorting the pixels into classes, the classifying by using a poly-Gauss expansion in order to describe the statistical distribution of the pixels and the Bayes'"'"' formula in order to calculate the probabilities of association of the pixels with the classes, wherein the means for acquiring electromagnetic radiation data are further integrated with a spatial optical filter divided into a number of sites for simultaneous acquiring of the electromagnetic radiation from a plurality of segments of the object, each the site having N zones responsible for splitting the radiation acquired by the site into N spectral bands, wherein N is at least two, thereby acquiring the electromagnetic radiation in all N spectral bands simultaneously.
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Specification