Medical applications of artificial olfactometry

• US 6,841,391 B2
• Filed: 05/14/2001
• Issued: 01/11/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 06/19/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Smiths Detection Incorporated
• Original Assignee: California Institute of Technology, Smiths Detection Incorporated
• Inventors: Wong, Bernard, Severin, Erik J., Munoz, Beth C., Lewis, Nathan S., Kelso, David M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Warden, Jill
• Assistant Examiner(s): Handy, Dwayne K
• Application Number:
  US09/855,277
• Publication Number:
  US 20010041366A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,338 Days
• Field of Search: 436/149, 436/151, 436/172, 436/900, 422/68.1, 422/82.01, 422/82.02, 422/82.05, 422/82.06, 422/82.08, 422/83, 422/84, 422/94, 422/98, 73/233, 73/233.4, 73/233.5, 73/233.6
• US Class Current: 436/149
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/00 Measuring for diagnostic purposes radiation diagnosis A61B6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/00; Identification of persons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/082 Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath A61B5/083, A61B5/091 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4547 Evaluating teeth
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/22 in the gaseous state specially adapted for biological material G01N33/497; measuring breath flow A61B5/087
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/405 by adsorption or absorption
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0031 comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array electrochemical electrode arrays G01N27/27
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0034 comprising neural networks or related mathematical techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0044 for H2S, sulfides
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/497 of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/90 Breath testing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/879 Material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/143333 Saccharide [e.g., DNA, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/17 Nitrogen containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/200833 Carbonyl, ether, aldehyde or ketone containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/212 Aromatic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/214 Acyclic [e.g., methane, octane, isoparaffin, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/216 Unsaturated [e.g., ethylene, diene, etc.]

Abstract

The present invention provides methods for detecting the presence of an analyte indicative of various medical conditions, including halitosis, periodontal disease and other diseases are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A method for comparing the analyte profiles of mammalian breath samples for diagnosing and monitoring a medical condition, said method comprising:

(a) contacting an array of sensors with a first sample of mammalian breath to identify analytes in said first sample; and

(b) storing the results of the analysis of said first sample in a computer-readable format;

(c) contacting an array of sensors with a second sample of mammalian breath to identify analytes in said second sample; and

(d) comparing the results of said second sample with the stored results of the analysis of said first sample, thereby comparing the analyte profiles of mammalian breath samples, wherein the comparison of the analyte profiles are used to diagnose and monitor a medical condition.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said analyte is a marker gas.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said marker gas is a member selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, dienes, alicyclic hydrocarbons, arenes, alcohols, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, carbonyls, carbanions, polynuclear aromatics, biomolecules, sugars, isoprenes isoprenoids, VOC, VOA, indoles, skatoles, diamines, pyridines, picolines, an off-gas of a microorganism and fatty acids.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said marker gas is an off gas of a member selected from the group consisting of Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella loescheii, Hemophilus parainfluenzae, Stomatococcus muci, Treponema denticola, Veillonella species, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Micros prevotii, Eubacterium limosum, Centipeda periodontii, Selemonad aremidis, Eubacterium species, Bacteriodes species, Fusobacterium periodonticum, Prevotella melaninogenica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter species and Stomatococcus mucilaginus.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said array of sensors comprises a member selected from the group consisting of a surface acoustic wave sensor, a quartz microbalance sensor, a conductive composite;

a chemiresistor;

a metal oxide gas sensor and a conducting polymer sensor, a dye-impregnated polymer film on fiber optic detector, a polymer-coated micromirror, an electrochemical gas detector, a chemically sensitive field-effect transistor, a carbon black-polymer composite, a micro-electro-mechanical system device and a micro-opto-electro-mechanical system device.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating a response from said sensors and inputting said response to a neural net trained against known marker gases.

8. The method of claim 1 or 7, wherein the comparing the results is diagnostic of a lower respiratory tract infection.

9. The method of claim 1 or 7, wherein the comparing the results is diagnostic of an upper respiratory tract infection.

7. A method for comparing the analyte profiles of mammalian breath samples for diagnosing and monitoring a medical condition said method comprising:

(a) contacting an array of sensors with first sample of mammalian breath;

(b) detecting a first set of responses from said array of sensors, wherein said set of responses is a first sensor array response profile;

(c) analyzing said first sensor array response profile to identify analytes in said first sample;

(d) storing said first sensor array response profile and the results of the analysis;

(e) contacting an array of sensors with a second sample of mammalian breath;

(f) detecting a second set of responses from said array of sensors, wherein said set of responses is a second sensor array response profile;

(g) analyzing said second sensor array response profile to identify analytes in said second sample; and

(h) comparing the results of the analysis of said first and second breath samples, wherein the comparison of the results of the analysis are used to diagnose and monitor a medical condition.