Bi-directional and multi-axial fabrics and fabric composites
First Claim
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1. A woven fabric comprising:
- a) a first set of continuous filament unidirectional yarns lying in a first plane;
b) a second set of continuous filament unidirectional yarns lying in a second plane above said first plane and arranged transversely to said first set of yarns;
c) a third set of yarns arranged transversely to said first set of yarns and interlaced with said first set of yarns, each yarn of the third set lying above some and below the remaining yarns of said first set;
d) a fourth set of yarns arranged transversely to said second set and said third set of yarns and interlaced with said second and thirds sets of yarns, each yarn of the fourth set lying above some and below the remaining yarns of said second and third sets of yarns;
wherein each of said first and second sets of yarns have tenacity'"'"'s equal to or greater than about 15 g/d, initial tensile moduli equal to or greater than about 400 g/d and energies-to-break equal to or greater than about 22 J/g as measured by ASTM D2256; and
wherein each of said first and second sets of yarns, in proportion to the yarns comprising each of said third and fourth sets of yarns have at least twice the breaking strength, and half the elongation to break.
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Abstract
Bi-directional and multi-axial fabrics, fabric composites, ballistically resistant assemblies thereof, and the methods by which they are made. The fabrics are comprised of sets of strong, substantially parallel, unidirectional yarns lying in parallel planes, one above the other, with the direction of the yarns in a given plane rotated at an angle to the direction of the yarns in adjacent planes; and one or more sets of yarns having lower strength and higher elongation interleaved with the strong yarns. The fabrics of the invention provide superior ballistic effectiveness compared to ordinary woven and knitted fabrics but retain the ease of manufacture on conventional looms and knitting machines.
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Citations
29 Claims
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1. A woven fabric comprising:
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a) a first set of continuous filament unidirectional yarns lying in a first plane;
b) a second set of continuous filament unidirectional yarns lying in a second plane above said first plane and arranged transversely to said first set of yarns;
c) a third set of yarns arranged transversely to said first set of yarns and interlaced with said first set of yarns, each yarn of the third set lying above some and below the remaining yarns of said first set;
d) a fourth set of yarns arranged transversely to said second set and said third set of yarns and interlaced with said second and thirds sets of yarns, each yarn of the fourth set lying above some and below the remaining yarns of said second and third sets of yarns;
wherein each of said first and second sets of yarns have tenacity'"'"'s equal to or greater than about 15 g/d, initial tensile moduli equal to or greater than about 400 g/d and energies-to-break equal to or greater than about 22 J/g as measured by ASTM D2256; and
wherein each of said first and second sets of yarns, in proportion to the yarns comprising each of said third and fourth sets of yarns have at least twice the breaking strength, and half the elongation to break. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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Specification