Sensor controlled analysis and therapeutic delivery system

• US 6,843,254 B2
• Filed: 09/25/2002
• Issued: 01/18/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Robert Tapper
• Original Assignee: Robert Tapper
• Inventors: Tapper, Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): Hindenburg, Max F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SZMAL, BRIAN SCOTT
• Application Number:
  US10/254,113
• Publication Number:
  US 20030028124A1
• Time in Patent Office: 846 Days
• Field of Search: 600/573, 128/898, 604/20, 604/501, 604/145, 604/150, 604/152, 604/3, 604/901
• US Class Current: 128/898
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0436 Material of the electrode
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/044 Shape of the electrode
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0444 Membrane
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0448 Drug reservoir
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/325 for iontophoresis, i.e. transfer of media in ionic state by an electromotoric force into the body electrodes for external use A61N1/0428

Abstract

A method and apparatus for non-invasively withdrawing and accurately evaluating analytes quickly, painlessly and reliably from a biological subject automatically and controlling subsequent administration of therapeutic agents in response to such analyte sample analysis. Improvements are provided in electro-osmotic sample withdrawal, dosimetry and iontophoretic delivery subsystems, biosensors electrode construction and arrangement, intervenors, mediators, bolus delivery, and related subsystems.

Claims

1. In a biosensor system the combination, comprising:

an electrode at a high electrical potential, and

means for physically and electrically isolating said electrode from the skin of a biological subject said means including a dropping resistor.

2. A combination as recited in claim 1, wherein said electrode is at a positive electrical potential relative to the skin of the subject.

3. In a biosensor device, the combination comprising:

a pair of electrodes; and

a multi-layer membrane between said electrodes, said membrane being adapted to place one end of said membrane in contact with the skin of a biological subject.

4. A combination as recited in claim 3, wherein the other end of said membrane is connected to high voltage through a substantial long intervenor.

5. A combination as recited in claim 3, wherein said high voltage is of negative polarity.

6. A combination as recited in any of claims 3-5, wherein said membrane is a dielectric medium.

7. In a sensor, the combination comprising:

a pair of electrodes;

means for applying a high D.C. voltage to said electrodes to generate a reducing agent;

measurement means for measuring the electrical results of reaction to said reducing agent; and

means for automatically reducing said high voltage to a low voltage for operation of said measurement means.