Method and apparatus for reducing switching losses in a switching circuit

• US 6,847,196 B2
• Filed: 08/28/2002
• Issued: 01/25/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Schneider Electric Solar Inverters Usa, Inc. (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: Xantrex Technology Incorporated (Mission Critical Electronics LLC)
• Inventors: Garabandic, Djordje
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, MATTHEW VAN
• Application Number:
  US10/231,295
• Publication Number:
  US 20040041545A1
• Time in Patent Office: 881 Days
• Field of Search: 363/16, 363/17, 363/56.01, 363/56.02, 363/97, 363/98, 363/131, 363/132, 323/220, 323/222, 323/223, 323/232, 323/233
• US Class Current: 323/222
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0048 Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses using snubbers H02M1/34
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/538 in a push-pull configuration H02M7/5375 takes precedence ; with oscillating arrangements H02M7/53832, H02M7/53846
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5387 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/08142 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A method and apparatus for reducing switching losses in a leg of a switching circuit during commutation of current between first and second complementary switching elements thereof is disclosed. The method involves impeding changes in current flow between a load current node and a first supply conductor through a first path comprised of a first saturable inductor and the first switching element, while impeding changes in current flow between the load current node and a second supply conductor through a second path comprised of a second saturable inductor and the second switching element.

Claims

1. A method of reducing switching losses in a leg of a switching circuit during commutation of current between first and second complementary switching elements of the switching circuit, the method comprising:

impeding changes in current flow between a load current node and a first supply conductor through a first path comprised of a first saturable inductor and the first switching element, while impeding changes in current flow between said load current node and a second supply conductor through a second path comprised of a second saturable inductor and the second switching element.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising pre-saturating said first saturable inductor with current in a direction from said load current node to said first supply conductor so that said first saturable inductor is saturated when the first switching element is shut off.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein pre-saturating comprises operating the first switching element in an on condition in which sufficient current is flowing therethrough to saturate said first saturable inductor.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising resetting current flow to zero through said second saturable inductor prior to commutating current from the first switching element to the second switching element.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein resetting current flow to zero comprises switching the second switching element off and passing current from said load current node through said second saturable inductor to a clamping diode connected to said first supply conductor.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein resetting comprises turning the first switching element on while passing current through said clamping diode to rob said current through the clamping diode to reduce a voltage drop across the clamping diode to a voltage below a turn on voltage thereof to shut the diode off.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein impeding changes in current flow through the first path comprises operating said first saturable inductor in a saturated mode while operating said second saturable inductor in a linear mode.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein operating said second saturable inductor in a linear mode comprises switching the second switching element on while said second saturable inductor impedes instantaneous current flow therethrough such that at the instant the second switching element is turned on the instantaneous current therethrough is zero.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein operating said first saturable inductor in a saturated mode while operating said second saturable inductor in a linear mode is followed by operating said first saturable inductor in a linear mode while operating said second saturable inductor in a saturated mode.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein impeding changes in current flow comprises passing current through a series combination of said first saturable inductor and a body diode of the first switching element.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said first saturable inductor impedes reverse recovery current flow through said body diode of the first switching element, from said first supply conductor to said load current node thereby limiting a contribution to total current flow in said second path.

12. A switching circuit apparatus comprising:

a load current node operable to receive load current;

a first current path comprised of a first saturable inductor connected to said load current node and a first switching element connected to said first saturable inductor and a first supply conductor,

a second current path comprised of a second saturable inductor connected to said load current node and a second switching element connected to said second saturable inductor and a second supply conductor;

said first saturable inductor being operable to impede changes in current flow between said load current node and said first supply conductor while said second saturable inductor is operable to impede changes in current flow between said load current node and said second supply conductor.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said first saturable inductor is configured to be pre-saturated with current flowing in a direction from said load current node to said first supply conductor so that said first saturable inductor is saturated when the first switching element is shut off.

14. The apparatus of claim 12 further comprising a reset circuit for resetting current flow to zero through said second saturable inductor prior to commutation of current from the first switching element to the second switching element.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said reset circuit comprises a diode connected to said second saturable inductor and said first supply conductor.

16. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said first and second saturable inductors are configured such that said first saturable inductor is operated in a saturated mode while said second saturable inductor is operated in a linear mode at an instant when said second switching element is turned on.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein said first and second saturable inductors are configured such that operating said first saturable inductor in a saturated mode while operating said second saturable inductor in a linear mode is followed by operating said first saturable inductor in a linear mode while operating said second saturable inductor in a saturated mode.