Apparatus and method for improved connectivity in wireless optical communication systems

• US 6,850,709 B1
• Filed: 04/21/1999
• Issued: 02/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 01/11/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Ingham, Brian R., Walter, Hirt, Gfeller, Fritz
• Primary Examiner(s): Phan, Hanh
• Application Number:
  US09/623,961
• Time in Patent Office: 2,113 Days
• Field of Search: 398/135, 398/118, 398/119, 398/127, 398/131, 398/136, 398/138, 398/202, 398/208, 398/25, 398/26, 375/355, 375/365
• US Class Current: 398/118
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/11 Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for improved connectivity in wireless optical networks. Therefore at least two or more receiving units are used which receive an infrared signal and convert it to a digital signal. The digital signals represent data in the form of frames whereby each frame comprises at least a data field and a header field containing a preamble. A selector determines a measure related to the signal-to-noise ratio of the preamble and compares the measures in order to select the best suited signal for further processing.

Claims

1. Apparatus for receiving an infrared signal, comprising:

at least two receiving units, each comprising a converter which converts the received infrared signal to a digital signal, whereby the digital signals represent data carried in frames comprising at least a data field and a header field which contains a preamble being identical for each of said digital signals, and

a selector for determining for at least part of each of the preambles a measure related to its signal-to-noise ratio and comparing the measures in order to select for further processing the one digital signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio, wherein the digital signal of the preamble is oversampled and weighted in order to determine the measure related to the signal-to-noise ratio.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the preamble comprises a symbol forming a periodic sequence of pulses, preferably a sequence of pulses with a defined period.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, whereby one symbol includes at least one pulse.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the received infrared signal in each receiving unit is converted by a binary decision-unit to the digital signal.

5. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the one digital signal occurs during the reception of the preambles at the selector.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each receiving unit is designed to provide an optical reception characteristic which is described by an obtuse reception angle φ

_R, wherein the reception angle φ

_R is a planar angle that defines where the receiver'"'"'s sensitivity is half the sensitivity of the sensitivity on the receiver'"'"'s optical axis.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data are encoded by a pulse modulation, preferably a Pulse Position Modulation (PPM).

8. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least the receiving unit which receives the preamble with a lower signal-to-noise than the one receiving unit which receives the one preamble with the highest signal-to-noise is switched off.

20. Method according to claim 1, wherein the steps of oversampling and adding are repeated at least once.

9. Apparatus for receiving and transmitting an infrared signal, which comprises:

at least two receiving units, each comprising a converter which converts the received infrared signal to a digital signal, whereby the digital signals represent data carried in frames comprising at least a data field and a header field which contains a preamble being identical for each of said digital signals, and

a selector for determining for at least part of each of the preambles a measure related to its signal-to-noise ratio and comparing the measures in order to select for further processing the one digital signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio, wherein the digital signal of the preamble is oversampled and weighted in order to determine the measure related to the signal-to-noise ratio, and

at least one transmitting unit, coupled to the selector.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the receiving unit has an optical reception characteristic whose shape is identical or at least similar to the shape of an optical emission characteristic of the transmitting unit.

11. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein at least one receiving unit and at least one transmitting unit and the converter are part of a transceiver.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein several transceivers are arranged to complement one another their optical reception characteristics and/or optical emission characteristics.

13. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein at least three transceivers cover a range of 360°

.

14. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the selector is connected to a unit comprising at least a first modem unit and/or a second modem unit.

15. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the selector is combinable with at least one modem unit, preferably with a High Rate modem/controller.

16. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein at least the selector, a first modem unit, and a second modem unit are combinable to a single unit.

17. A method for receiving an infrared signal in a wireless optical communication system comprising the steps of:

receiving the infrared signal by at least two receiving units,

converting the infrared signal to a digital signal, whereby the digital signals represent data carried in frames comprising at least a data field and a header field which contains a preamble being identical for each of said digital signals,

determining for at least part of each of the preambles a measure related to its signal-to-noise ratio and comparing the measures, wherein the digital signal of the preamble is oversampled and weighted in order to determine the measure related to the signal-to-noise ratio, and

selecting the one digital signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio for further data processing.

18. Method according to claim 17, wherein the measure is determined by:

defining a time interval and splitting up the preamble in periodical time intervals,

oversampling the preamble according to the time interval in order to provide a binary sequence comprising at least a binary digit,

adding the individual binary digits of the binary sequence to corresponding stored values, and

calculating the measure from the stored values.

19. Method according to claim 18, wherein the steps of oversampling and adding are repeated at least once.

21. A method for receiving an infrared signal and transmitting an infrared signal comprising the steps of:

receiving the infrared signal by at least two receiving units,

converting the infrared signal to a digital signal, whereby the digital signals represent data carried in frames comprising at least a data field and a header field which contains a preamble being identical for each of said digital signals,

determining for at least part of each of the preambles a measure related to its signal-to-noise ratio and comparing the measures, wherein the digital signal of the preamble is oversampled and weighted in order to determine the measure related to the signal-to-noise ratio,

selecting the one digital signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio for further data processing, and

transmitting transmit-data in the opposite direction where the one digital signal with the highest signal-to-noise ratio is being received or in all directions.

22. Method according to claim 21, wherein the measure is determined by:

defining a time interval and splitting up the preamble in periodical time intervals,

oversampling the preamble according to the time interval in order to provide a binary sequence comprising at least a binary digit,

adding the individual binary digits of the binary sequence to corresponding stored values, and

calculating the measure from the stored values.