Fuel cells having silicon substrates and/or sol-gel derived support structures

• US 6,852,443 B1
• Filed: 07/07/2003
• Issued: 02/08/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: XNRGI, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Neah Power Systems, Inc.
• Inventors: Ohlsen, Leroy J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Crepeau, Jonathan
• Application Number:
  US10/613,784
• Time in Patent Office: 582 Days
• Field of Search: 429/40, 429/44
• US Class Current: 429/524
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8605 Porous electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/925 supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04197 Preventing means for fuel crossover
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1011 Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

Fuels cells, electrode assemblies, and electrodes that comprise silicon and/or sol-gel derived support structures, as well as to methods relating thereto, are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to an electrode assembly adapted for use with a fuel cell comprises: an anode derived from a first planar silicon substrate; an electrolyte; a cathode derived from a second planar silicon substrate; wherein the anode and the cathode are parallel to each other and separated by an interstitial region comprising the electrolyte. In another embodiment, the invention is directed to electrode adapted for use with a fuel cell, wherein the electrode comprises a silicon substrate that functions as a current conductor, wherein the silicon substrate has a plurality of pores that define pore surfaces, wherein at least a portion of the pore surfaces have a catalyst thereon, wherein the catalyst is derived from one or more metallic precursors chemisorbed onto at least the pore surfaces.

Claims

1. An electrode, comprising:

a support structure derived from a silicon substrate, wherein the support structure has a plurality of porous regions that define pore surfaces, and wherein the pore surfaces have a catalyst dispersed thereon such that the catalyst is dispersed throughout the plurality of porous regions.

2. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the silicon substrate is a silicon wafer.

3. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises platinum, ruthenium, or a combination thereof.

4. An electrode adapted, comprising:

a support structure derived from a silicon substrate, wherein the support structure has a plurality of parallel pores that extend through the support structure, and wherein the plurality of parallel pores define pore surfaces, and wherein at least a portion of the pore surfaces carries a catalyst thereon, and wherein the plurality of parallel pores are random.

5. The electrode of claim 4 wherein the silicon substrate is a silicon wafer.

6. The electrode of claim 4, wherein the catalyst comprises platinum, ruthenium, or a combination thereof.

7. The electrode of claim 4 wherein the plurality of parallel pores are nanoporous.

8. The electrode of claim 4 wherein the plurality of parallel pores are mesoporous.

9. The electrode of claim 4 wherein the plurality of parallel pores are microporous.