Filtering face mask that has a new exhalation valve

• US 6,854,463 B2
• Filed: 05/11/1994
• Issued: 02/15/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/29/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Japuntich, Daniel A., Grannis, Vaughn B., Seppala, Harold J., Ferguson, Anthony B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lewis, Aaron J.
• Application Number:
  US08/240,877
• Publication Number:
  US 20030084902A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,933 Days
• Field of Search: 128/206.15, 128/206.12, 128/206.17, 128/207.12, 128/201.28, 128/203.11, 128/205.24, 137855-859
• US Class Current: 128/206.15
• CPC Class Codes: A62B 18/025 Halfmasks A62B23/02 takes precedence; surgical face masks A41D13/11
• CPC Class Codes: A62B 18/10 Valves
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/0491 Valve or valve element assembling, disassembling, or replacing

Abstract

Filtering face mask 10 has a mask body 12 and an exhalation valve 14. The mask body 12 is adapted to fit over the nose and mouth of a person, and the exhalation valve 14 is attached to the mask body 12. The exhalation valve 14 has a valve seat 26 and a single flexible flap 24. The valve seat 26 includes a seal surface 31 and an orifice 32. The orifice 32 is circumscribed by the seal surface 31. The single flexible flap 24 has a fixed portion 28 and one free portion 38. The one free portion 38 has a free end, and the fixed portion 28 is located off-center of the flexible flap 24 away from the free end and is secured to the valve seat 26 outside the orifice 32. The one free portion 38 is pressed toward the seal surface 31 when the wearer is neither inhaling or exhaling. The free portion 38 can be lifted from the seal surface 31 during an exhalation. Because the flexible flap 24 is mounted to the valve seat off-center and outside the orifice 32 and yet is pressed towards the valve seat 26 when the wearer is not inhaling or exhaling, the face mask 10 can demonstrate a lower air flow resistance force during an exhalation which enables the exhalation valve 14 to open easier, and it can remain closed under any static orientation of the valve 14 to prevent contaminants from entering the mask interior.

Claims

1. A filtering face mask that comprises:

(a) a mask body that is adapted to fit over the nose and mouth of a person and that has a filtering layer for filtering air that passes through the mask body; and

(b) an exhalation valve that is attached to the mask body, which exhalation valve comprises;

(i) a valve seat that comprises an orifice, a seal surface surrounding the orifice, and a flap retaining surface; and

(ii) a single flexible flap that has a stationary portion and one free portion and a circumferential edge that includes stationary and free segments, the stationary segment of the circumferential edge being associated with the stationary portion of the flexible flap so as to remain in substantially the same position during an exhalation, and the free segment of the circumferential edge being associated with the one free portion of the flexible flap so as to be movable during an exhalation, the free segment of the circumferential edge being disposed beneath the stationary segment when the valve is viewed from the front in an upright position;

the flexible flap being secured to the valve seat non-centrally relative to the orifice at the flap retaining surface, which flap retaining surface and seal surface are nonaligned and positioned relative to each other to allow for a cross sectional curvature of at least the one free portion of the flexible flap when viewed from the side in a closed position, the nonalignment and relative positioning of the flap-retaining surface and the seal surface also allowing for the one free portion of the flexible flap to be pressed against the seal surface when a wearer of the mask is neither inhaling or exhaling and to allow for the one free portion of the flexible flap to be lifted from the seal surface during an exhalation.

2. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap has an inflection free curvature when viewed in cross-section from a side elevation in the closed position.

3. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the seal surface of the valve seat has a curvature when viewed from a side elevation.

4. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is mounted to the valve seat in cantilever fashion.

5. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the exhalation valve also includes a valve cover, the flexible flap being held in position between the valve seat and the valve cover by mechanical clamping.

6. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the outline shape of the orifice does not wholly correspond to the outline shape of the seal surface.

7. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the valve seat comprises cross members that are disposed within the orifice to define four openings through which exhaled air can pass during an exhalation to lift the free portion of the flap from the seal surface.

8. The filtering face mask of claim 7, wherein the valve seat inludes cross members that are recessed beneath the seal surface.

9. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the valve seat includes cross members that are disposed within the orifice and are recessed beneath the seal surface.

10. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the mask body includes an opening through which exhaled air passes before passing through the orifice of the valve seat, the opening in the mask body having a cross-sectional area that is at least the size of the orifice.

11. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is pressed towards the seal surface such that there is a substantially uniform seal when the valve is in a closed position.

12. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flap-retaining surface is spaced from the orifice at about 1 to 3.5 millimeters.

13. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flap-retaining surface is spaced from the orifice at about 1 to 2.5 millimeters.

14. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the valve seat is made from a relatively light-weight plastic that is molded into an integral one-piece body.

15. The filtering face mask of claim 14, wherein the valve seat has been made by an injection molding technique.

16. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the seal surface is substantially uniformly smooth to insure that a good seal occurs between the single flexible flap and the seal surface.

17. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is made from a material that is capable of allowing the flap to display a bias towards the seal surface.

18. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap would normally assume a flat configuration when no forces are applied to it.

19. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is elastomeric and is resistant to permanent set and creep.

20. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is made from an elastomeric rubber.

21. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap has a stress relaxation sufficient to keep the flexible flap in an abutting relationship to the seal surface under any static orientation for 24 hours at 70°

C.

22. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap provides a leak-free seal according to the standards set forth in 30 C.F.R. §

11.183-2, Jul. 1, 1991.

23. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is made from a crosslinked polyisoprene.

24. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap has a Shore A hardness of about 30 to 50.

25. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap has a generally uniform thickness of about 0.2 to 0.8 millimeters.

26. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap has a generally uniform thickness of about 0.3 to 0.6 millimeters.

27. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap has a generally uniform thickness of about 0.35 to 0.45 millimeters.

28. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the circumference of the one free portion of the flexible flap has a profile that comprises a curve and is cut to correspond to the general outline shape of the seal surface.

29. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is greater than one centimeter wide.

30. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexibl flap is 1.2 to 3 centimeters wide and is about 1 to 4 centimeters long.

31. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the stationary segment of the circumferential edge of the flexible flap is about 10 to 25 percent of the total circumferential edge of the flexible flap, with the remaining 75 to 90 percent being free to be lifted from the seal surface.

32. The filtering face mask of claim 31, wherein a flange extends 360 degrees around the valve seat where the valve seat is mounted to the mask body.

33. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the valve seat includes a flange that provides a surface onto which the exhalation valve can be secured to the mask body.

34. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the flexible flap is positioned on the valve such that exhaled air is deflected downward during an exhalation when the filtering face mask is worn on a person.

35. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the mask body is cup-shaped and includes an outer shaping layer.

36. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the mask body is cup-shaped and comprises (1) a shaping layer for providing structure to the mask, and (2) a filtration layer.

37. The filtering face mask of claim 36, wherein the shaping layer is located outside of the filtration layer on the mask body.

38. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein a high percentage of the exhaled air is purged through the exhalation valve.

39. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein at least 60 percent of the total airflow flows through the exhalation valve under a normal exhalation test.

40. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein at least 73 percent of the total airflow flows through the exhalation valve under a normal exhalation test.

41. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the exhalation valve is positioned on the mask body substantially opposite to a wearer'"'"'s mouth when the mask is being worn.

42. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein greater than 50% of the airflow that enters the filtering face mask exits the filtering face mask through the exhalation valve when the airflow exceeds 30 liters per minute under a normal exhalation test.

43. The filtering face mask of claim 1, wherein the seal surface resides on a seal ridge of the valve seat.

44. A filtering face mask that comprises:

(a) a cup shaped mask body that is adapted to fit over the nose and mouth of a person; and

(b) an exhalation valve that is attached to the mask body directly in front of where the wearer'"'"'s mouth would be when the mask is worn, which exhalation valve comprises;

(i) a valve seat that comprises an orifice, a seal surface surrounding the orifice, and a flap retaining surface; and

(ii) a single flexible flap that has a stationary portion, one free portion. and a peripheral edge that includes stationary and free segments, the stationary segment of the peripheral edge being associated with the stationary portion of the flexible flap so as to remain in substantially the same position during an exhalation, and the free segment of the peripheral edge being associated with the one free portion of the flexible flap so as to be movable during an exhalation, the free segment of the peripheral edge being disposed beneath the stationary segment when the valve is viewed from the front in an upright position;

the flexible flap being secured to the valve seat at the flap retaining surface closer to the stationary segment of the peripheral edge than to the free segment, the flap retaining surface and seal surface are nonaligned and positioned relative to each other to create a cross-sectional curvature of at least the one free portion of the flexible flap when viewed from the side in a closed position, the securement of the flexible flap at the flap-retaining surface allowing for the one free portion of the flexible flap to be pressed against the seal surface when a wearer of the mask is neither inhaling nor exhaling and allowing for the one free portion of the flexible flap to be lifted from the seal surface during an exhalation.