Semiconductor article harmonic identification

• US 6,856,275 B1
• Filed: 12/26/2001
• Issued: 02/15/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 12/26/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Charters, Jay P., Ehlers, Gerald L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ALSOMIRI, ISAM A
• Application Number:
  US10/033,080
• Time in Patent Office: 1,147 Days
• Field of Search: 342/42, 342/44, 342/50, 342/51, 342192-193, 340/10.42, 340 101- 104, 340/10.41
• US Class Current: 342/42
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/067 Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/086 sensing passive circuit, e.g. resonant circuit transponders
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10009 sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2422 using acoustic or microwave tags

Abstract

An harmonic intermodulation article identification system comprises a scanning dipole antenna response to an RF intermodulation harmonic product radiated from RF diodes carried by or embedded in a substrate. The product signature is applied to a spectrum analyzer that outputs a signature identification to a comparator. In response to receiving a signature identification, the comparator scans previously stored signature identifications for a match. A match indicates the received product identification from the analyzer defined a specific substrate such as a document or product tag. A match by the comparator outputs a signal to a display that indicates the identification of a substrate carrying RF diodes generating the compared product identification.

Claims

1. An harmonic article identification system, comprising:

a first signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a first frequency;

a second signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a second frequency;

two or more RF diodes carried by an article and responsive to the first and second frequencies to generate an harmonic signal;

an antenna receiving the harmonic signal and, in response to receiving the harmonic signal, generating an analyzer signal;

a signal analyzer coupled to the antenna and responsive to the analyzer signal to identify the article;

wherein the analyzer signal from the receiving antenna to the signal analyzer comprises a subtraction of the first frequency signal from twice the second frequency signal.

2. The harmonic article identification system as in claim 1 wherein the two or more RF diodes comprise a signature identification of the article.

3. The harmonic article identification system as in claim 1 wherein the at least two or more RF diodes respond to RF signals in a frequency range from about 24.0 GHz to about 24.1 GHz.

4. The harmonic article identification system as in claim 1 wherein the antenna comprises a dipole having a wavelength determined by either the first frequency or the second frequency.

5. An harmonic article identification system, comprising:

a first signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a first frequency;

a second signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a second frequency;

two or more RF diodes carried by an article and responsive to the first and second frequencies to generate an harmonic signal;

an antenna receiving the harmonic signal and, in response to receiving the harmonic signal, generating an analyzer signal;

a signal analyzer coupled to the antenna and responsive to the analyzer signal to identify the article;

wherein the analyzer signal from the receiving antenna to the signal analyzer varies in accordance with the expression;

2F1−

F2,

wherein;

F1 equals the first frequency, and

F2 equals the second frequency.

6. An harmonic article identification system, comprising:

a first signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a first frequency;

a second signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a second frequency;

two or more RF diodes carried by an article and responsive to the first and second frequencies to generate an harmonic signal;

an antenna receiving the harmonic signal and, in response to receiving the harmonic signal, generating an analyzer signal;

a signal analyzer coupled to the antenna and responsive to the analyzer signal to identify the article;

wherein the analyzer signal from the receiving antenna to the signal analyzer comprises a subtraction of the second frequency signal from twice the first frequency signal.

7. An harmonic article identification system, comprising:

a first signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a first frequency;

a second signal generator operating to generate an RF signal at a second frequency;

two or more RF diodes carried by an article and responsive to the first and second frequencies to generate an harmonic signal;

an antenna receiving the harmonic signal and, in response to receiving the harmonic signal, generating an analyzer signal;

a signal analyzer coupled to the antenna and responsive to the analyzer signal to identify the article;

wherein the analyzer signal from the receiving antenna to the signal analyzer varies in accordance with the expression;

2F2−

F1,

wherein;

F1 is the first frequency, and

F2 is the second frequency.

8. An harmonic article identification system, comprising:

a first signal generator outputting an RF signal at a frequency of 24.0 GHZ;

a second signal generator outputting an RF signal at a frequency of 24.1 GHZ;

two or more RF diodes carried by an article and responsive to the 24.0 GHZ frequency and the 24.1 GHZ frequency to generate an harmonic signal;

a dipole antenna receiving the harmonic signal and, in response to the dipole antenna receiving the harmonic signal generating an analyzer signal varying in accordance with the expression;

2F1−

F2,

wherein;

F1 equals the 24.0 GHZ frequency, and

F2 equals the 24.1 GHZ frequency; and

a signal analyzer coupled to the dipole antenna and responsive to the analyzer signal to identify the article.

9. An harmonic article identification system, comprising:

a first signal generator outputting an RF signal at a frequency of 24.0 GHZ;

a second signal generator outputting an RF signal at a frequency of 24.1 GHZ;

two or more RF diodes carried by an article and responsive to the 24.0 GHZ frequency and the 24.1 GHZ frequency to generate an harmonic signal having a third order intermodulation product;

a dipole antenna receiving or any other tuned antenna receiving the harmonic signal and, in response to the dipole antenna receiving the harmonic signal, generating an analyzer signal varying in accordance with the expression;

2F2−

F1,

wherein;

F1 equals the 24.0 GHZ frequency, and

F2 equals the 24.1 GHZ frequency; and

a signal analyzer coupled to the dipole antenna and responsive to the analyzer signal to identify the article.

10. An harmonic article identification tag, comprising:

at least one RF diode carried by an article and responsive to at least two RF signals to generate an harmonic signal having a third order intermodulation product defined by the expression of twice a first one of the two RF signals less a second one of the two RF signals, the at least one diode generating harmonic signal characteristics for RF article identification.