Control strategy for an electric motor using real time predictions of motor capability based on thermal modeling and measurements

• US 6,861,820 B2
• Filed: 09/09/2002
• Issued: 03/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Gale, Allan Roy, Degner, Michael W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Martin, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): MCCLOUD, RENATA D
• Application Number:
  US10/065,007
• Publication Number:
  US 20040046525A1
• Time in Patent Office: 904 Days
• Field of Search: 318/471, 318/473, 318/783, 318/727, 318/782, 318/789, 318/792, 388/934, 180/412, 361/25
• US Class Current: 318/727
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/448 Electrical distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/425 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/54 Energy consumption estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/56 Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/10 using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/60 using power supplied by batteries in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/24 including control of energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/081 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/087 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 388/934 Thermal condition

Abstract

A system and method for controlling an electric motor using real time predictions of motor capability based on thermal modeling and measurements is provided. The invention includes controllers for receiving and processing system input signals, strategies for: determining a maximum energy amount that can be put into the motor before the motor reaches a maximum allowable temperature; determining a motor power assist value that the motor can provide in a predetermined period of time before the motor reaches the maximum allowable temperature; determining a battery power assist value; determining a maximum power assist value that is the minimum of the motor power assist value and the battery power assist value; and comparing the maximum power assist value to a driver demand signal. Strategy outputs can be sent to a vehicle system controller and/or a power assist gauge.

Claims

1. A system for controlling an electric motor in a motor vehicle, comprising:

at least one controller for receiving and processing a plurality of system input signals;

a first step embodied within the at least one controller for determining a maximum energy amount that can be put into the motor before the temperature of the motor is caused to rise to a maximum allowable temperature;

a second step embodied within the at least one controller for determining a motor power assist value that the motor can provide in a predetermined time period before the motor reaches said maximum allowable temperature;

a third step embodied within said at least one controller for determining a battery power assist value;

a fourth step embodied within said at least one controller for determining a maximum power assist value that is the minimum of said motor power assist value and said battery power assist value;

means for outputting said motor power assist value to a vehicle system controller;

a means for outputting said maximum power assist value to said vehicle system controller.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein said system further comprises:

a fifth step embodied within the at least one controller for comparing said maximum power assist value to a driver demand signal; and

means for outputting a minimum of said maximum power assist value and said driver demand signal to said vehicle system controller.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said system further comprises means for outputting said maximum power assist value to a power assist gauge.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said battery power assist value is based on a battery state of charge signal.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein said system inputs comprise:

ambient air temperature;

motor temperature; and

motor speed.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein said motor temperature comprises a stator copper temperature.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined time period is about 10 seconds.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein said predetermined time period is based on vehicle operating conditions.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein said first step comprises calculating the temperature of a plurality of motor components as a function of time using heat transfer determinations.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein said plurality of motor components comprises:

motor stator copper; and

motor stator iron.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein said second step uses a look up table to determine said motor power assist value.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein said look up table contains data referencing at least one of said plurality of system input signals and said maximum energy amount.

13. A method for controlling an electric motor in an hybrid electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:

monitoring and processing a plurality of system input signals;

determining a maximum energy amount that can be put into the motor before the temperature of the motor rises to a maximum allowable temperature;

determining a motor power assist value that the motor can provide in a predetermined period of time before the motor temperature rises to said maximum allowable temperature;

determining a battery power assist value;

determining a maximum power assist value that is the minimum of said motor power assist value and said battery power assist value; and

outputting said motor power assist value to a vehicle system controller.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said step of determining a battery power assist value comprises the step of deriving said battery power assist value from a battery state of charge signal.

15. The method according to claim 13, further comprising the step of outputting said maximum power assist value to the vehicle system controller.

16. The method according to claim 13, further comprising the step of outputting said maximum power assist value to a power assist gauge.

17. The method according to claim 13, further comprising the steps of:

comparing said maximum power assist value to a driver demand signal; and

outputting a minimum of said maximum power assist value and said driver demand signal to the vehicle system controller.

18. The method according to claim 13, wherein said step of monitoring and processing a plurality of system inputs comprises the steps of:

monitoring and processing a signal for ambient air temperature;

monitoring and processing at least one signal for motor temperature; and

monitoring and processing a signal for motor speed.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein said step of monitoring and processing at least one signal for motor temperature comprises the step of monitoring and processing a signal for motor stator copper temperature.

20. The method according to claim 13, wherein said step of determining a maximum energy amount that can be put into the motor before the motor reaches a maximum allowable temperature comprises the step of calculating the temperature of a plurality of motor components as a function of time using heat transfer determinations.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein said plurality of motor components comprises:

motor stator copper; and

motor stator iron.

22. The method according to claim 13, wherein said step of determining a motor power assist value that the motor can provide in a predetermined period of time before the motor temperature reaches said maximum allowable temperature comprises the step of determining said motor power assist value using a look up table.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein said look up table contains data referencing said at least one of said plurality of system input signals and said maximum energy amount.

24. The method according to claim 13, wherein said predetermined time period is about 10 seconds.

25. The method according to claim 13, wherein said predetermined time period is based on vehicle operating conditions.

26. An article of manufacture, comprising:

a computer readable storage device; and

a plurality of steps in computer readable format embodied in said computer readable storage device for directing a computer to control monitoring and processing a plurality of system input signals, said steps comprising

a determination of a maximum energy amount that can be put into an electric motor before the temperature of the motor rises to a maximum allowable temperature,

a determination of a motor power assist value that the motor can provide in a predetermined period of time before the motor reaches said maximum allowable temperature, determining a battery power assist value,

a determination of a maximum power assist value that is the minimum of said motor power assist value and said battery power assist value, comparing said maximum power assist value to a driver demand signal, and

an output of a minimum of said maximum power assist value and said driver demand signal to a vehicle system controller.

27. A vehicle, comprising:

a computer readable storage device; and

a plurality of steps in computer readable format embodied in said computer readable storage device for directing a computer to control monitoring and processing a plurality of system input signals said steps comprising;

a determination of a maximum energy amount that can be put into an electric motor before the temperature of the motor rises to a maximum allowable temperature,

a determination of a motor power assist value the motor can provide in a predetermined period of time before the motor temperature reaches said maximum allowable temperature, determining a battery power assist value,

a determination of a maximum power assist value that is the minimum of said motor power assist value and said battery power assist value, comparing said maximum power assist value to a driver demand signal, and

an output of a minimum of said maximum power assist value and said driver demand signal to a vehicle system controller.

28. A method for controlling an electric motor in an hybrid electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:

determining a maximum allowable temperature for the motor;

determining a motor power assist value that the motor can provide in a predetermined period of time before the motor temperature rises to said maximum allowable temperature;

determining a battery power assist value; and

controlling the motor to a maximum power assist value that is the minimum of said motor power assist value and said battery power assist value.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein said step of determining a battery power assist value comprises the step of deriving said battery power assist value from a battery state of charge signal.

30. The method according to claim 28, further comprising the step of outputting said maximum power assist value to at least one of a vehicle system controller and a power assist gauge.

31. The method according to claim 30, further comprising the steps of:

comparing said maximum power assist value to a driver demand signal; and

outputting a minimum of said maximum power assist value and said driver demand signal to the vehicle system controller.

32. The method according to claim 28, wherein said step of determining the motor power assist value comprises the step of calculating the temperature of a plurality of motor components as a function of time using heat transfer determinations.

33. The method according to claim 28, wherein said step of determining the motor power assist value comprises determining said motor power assist value using a look up table that contains data referencing at least one of said plurality of system input signals and a maximum energy amount that can be transferred to the motor before the motor reaches said maximum allowable temperature.

34. The method according to claim 28, wherein said predetermined period of time is based on vehicle operating conditions.