Method of making electrochemical detectors based on iridium oxide
First Claim
1. A method for forming an iridium oxide solid, said method comprising the steps of:
- exposing iridium metal to an alkali metal carbonate at a temperature sufficient to oxidize said iridium metal; and
applying a voltage between said iridium metal and said alkali metal carbonate so as to drive said oxidizing iridium metal toward a maximum oxidation state.
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Abstract
A conductive oxide solid formed through an electrochemical process. The resulting solid predominantly contains oxides of the highest oxidation state. Additionally, the solid can be thick, uniform, stable across a wide range of acidity and temperature, fully hydrated, and conductive with a very low redox potential. A preferred embodiment is an iridium solid formed at high temperature in molten carbonate, said solid containing intercalated lithium. The solid has application as an electrode with reduced drift. An electrochemical acidity sensor is disclosed which pairs an electrode bearing the solid with a reference electrode. Additionally, sensor apparatuses for measuring carbon dioxide and other materials as well as methods for measuring materials using an embedded acidity sensor are disclosed.
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Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method for forming an iridium oxide solid, said method comprising the steps of:
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exposing iridium metal to an alkali metal carbonate at a temperature sufficient to oxidize said iridium metal; and
applying a voltage between said iridium metal and said alkali metal carbonate so as to drive said oxidizing iridium metal toward a maximum oxidation state. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A method for forming an iridium oxide solid electrode, said method comprising the steps of:
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forming an iridium oxide solid, said iridium oxide solid formed by the method of;
(i) exposing iridium metal to an alkali carbonate at a temperature sufficient to oxidize said iridium metal;
(ii) applying a voltage between said iridium metal and said alkali metal carbonate so as to drive said oxidizing iridium metal toward a maximum oxidation state; and
depositing said iridium oxide solid on at least one surface of an electrical lead, said electrical lead conductively attached to said iridium oxide solid. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16)
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17. A method for forming an iridium oxide solid electrode, said method comprising the steps of:
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forming an iridium oxide solid, said iridium oxide solid formed by the method of;
(i) exposing iridium metal to an alkali carbonate at a temperature sufficient to oxidize said iridium metal;
(ii) applying a voltage between said iridium metal and said alkali metal carbonate so as to drive said oxidizing iridium metal toward a maximum oxidation state; and
depositing said iridium oxide solid on at least one surface of a metal substrate, said metal substrate conductively attached to said iridium oxide solid; and
conductively connecting an electrical lead to said metal substrate, so as to form an iridium oxide electrode. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19)
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Specification