Surface electromyographic electrode assembly
First Claim
1. A flexible, surface electromyographic electrode apparatus for use on a surface of biological tissue to measure bio-electric signals thereof, said electrode apparatus comprising:
- a first conductive electrode device having a contact portion adapted to directly contact the surface of the biological tissue to receive and transmit bio-electric signals, and a signal transmission portion carrying the bio-electric signal and electrically coupled to the contact portion;
a first conductive guard device positioned substantially adjacent to and substantially over said electrode device such that the measured bio-electric signal passing therethrough is substantially shielded from ambient electric fields generated from sources external to said electrode apparatus;
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, first sheet material positioned between said electrode device and said guard device to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween;
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, second sheet material positioned between said contact portion and said signal transmission portion to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween; and
a conductive lead extending through said second sheet material to electrically couple the contact portion to the signal transmission portion.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrode assembly for use on a surface of biological tissue to measure bio-electric signals including an electrode apparatus having an electrode device adapted to directly contact the surface of the biological tissue. The electrode apparatus receives and transmits bio-electric signals measured across the biological tissue having a first voltage and a minute first current. A signal transmission line is included having a signal transmission conductor electrically coupled at one portion to the electrode device for transmission of the bio-electric signals. The transmission includes a second conductor electrically coupled to the amplifier apparatus and arranged to substantially shield the transmission conductor from ambient electric fields generated from sources external to the transmission line. A high impedance amplifier device is included having a signal input and a signal output. The signal input is electrically coupled to another portion of the signal transmission conductor for receipt of the transmitted bio-electric signals. The signal output is electrically coupled to the shield conductor, in a feedback loop, for receipt of at least a portion of the transmitted bio-electric signals, such that the voltage of the signals at the signal input of the high impedance amplifier device is maintained substantially equal to the voltage of the signals output from the signal output thereof.
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Citations
27 Claims
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1. A flexible, surface electromyographic electrode apparatus for use on a surface of biological tissue to measure bio-electric signals thereof, said electrode apparatus comprising:
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a first conductive electrode device having a contact portion adapted to directly contact the surface of the biological tissue to receive and transmit bio-electric signals, and a signal transmission portion carrying the bio-electric signal and electrically coupled to the contact portion;
a first conductive guard device positioned substantially adjacent to and substantially over said electrode device such that the measured bio-electric signal passing therethrough is substantially shielded from ambient electric fields generated from sources external to said electrode apparatus;
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, first sheet material positioned between said electrode device and said guard device to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween;
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, second sheet material positioned between said contact portion and said signal transmission portion to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween; and
a conductive lead extending through said second sheet material to electrically couple the contact portion to the signal transmission portion. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. An electrode assembly for use on a surface of biological tissue to measure bio-electric signals thereof, said electrode assembly comprising:
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an electrode apparatus having an electrode device adapted to directly contact the surface of the biological tissue to receive and transmit original bio-electric signals sensed from the biological tissue having an original first voltage and an original minute first current;
a shielded signal transmission line having a signal transmission conductor electrically coupled at one portion to the electrode device for transmission of said bio-electric signals, and a shield conductor electrically coupled to the electrode apparatus and arranged to substantially shield the transmission line from ambient electric fields generated from sources external to said transmission line;
a high impedance amplifier device having a signal input and a signal output, said signal input being electrically coupled to another portion of the signal transmission conductor for receipt of the transmitted bio-electric signals, said signal output being electrically coupled to the shield conductor, in a feedback loop, for receipt of at least a portion of the transmitted bio-electric signals, such that the voltage of the signals at said signal input of the high impedance amplifier device is maintained substantially equal to the voltage of the signals output from said signal output thereof; and
a low impedance amplifier device having a signal input and a signal output, said signal input being electrically coupled to the signal output of the high impedance amplifier device for receipt of substantially the remaining portion of the transmitted bio-electric signals. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. An electromyographic surface electrode assembly for use on a surface of biological tissue to measure bio-electric signals thereof, said electrode assembly comprising:
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a flexible, surface electromyographic electrode apparatus including a conductive electrode device having a contact portion adapted to directly contact the surface of the biological tissue to receive and transmit bio-electric signals sensed from the biological tissue having an original first voltage and an original minute first current, and a signal transmission portion carrying the bio-electric signals and having one end electrically coupled to the contact portion;
a conductive guard device positioned substantially adjacent and substantially over said electrode device such that the measured bio-electric signal passing therethrough is substantially shielded from ambient electric fields generated from sources external to said electrode apparatus; and
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, first sheet material positioned between said electrode device and said guard device to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween; and
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, second sheet material positioned between said contact portion and said signal transmission portion to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween; and
a conductive lead extending through said second sheet material to electrically couple the contact portion to the signal transmission portion;
a co-axial cable having an inner conductor and an outer conductor shielding the inner conductor, at one portion of said co-axial cable, said inner conductor being electrically coupled to an opposite end of the signal transmission portion of the electrode device for transmission of said bio-electric signals, and said outer conductor being electrically coupled to the guard device to substantially shield the inner conductor from said ambient electric fields generated from sources external thereto; and
a high impedance amplifier device having a signal input and a signal output, said signal input being electrically coupled to the inner conductor of the co-axial cable at another portion thereof for receipt of the transmitted bio-electric signals, said signal output being electrically coupled to the outer conductor of the co-axial cable, in a feedback loop, for receipt of at least a portion of the transmitted bio-electric signals, such that the voltage of the signals at said signal input of the high impedance amplifier device is maintained substantially equal to the voltage of the signals output from said signal output thereof. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. An electromyographic surface electrode assembly for use on a surface of biological tissue to measure bio-electric signals thereof, said electrode assembly comprising:
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a flexible, surface electromyographic electrode apparatus including a conductive electrode device adapted to directly contact the surface of the biological tissue to receive and transmit bio-electric signals sensed from the biological tissue having an original first voltage and an original minute first current;
a conductive guard device positioned substantially adjacent and substantially over said electrode device such that the measured bio-electric signal passing therethrough is substantially shielded from ambient electric fields generated from sources external to said electrode apparatus; and
a substantially non-conductive, flexible, first sheet material positioned between said electrode device and said guard device to substantially prevent conductive contact therebetween;
a co-axial cable having an inner conductor and an outer conductor shielding the inner conductor, at one portion of said co-axial cable, said inner conductor being electrically coupled to the electrode device for transmission of said bio-electric signals, and said outer conductor being electrically coupled to the guard device to substantially shield the inner conductor from said ambient electric fields generated from sources external thereto;
a high impedance amplifier device having a signal input and a signal output, said signal input being electrically coupled to the inner conductor of the co-axial cable at another portion thereof for receipt of the transmitted bio-electric signals, said signal output being electrically coupled to the outer conductor of the co-axial cable, in a feedback loop, for receipt of at least a portion of the transmitted bio-electric signals, such that the voltage of the signals at said signal input of the high impedance amplifier device is maintained substantially equal to the voltage of the signals output from said signal output thereof; and
a low impedance amplifier device having a signal input and a signal output, said signal input being electrically coupled to the signal output of the high impedance amplifier device for receipt of substantially the remaining portion of the transmitted bio-electric signals. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27)
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Specification