Method and device for battery load sharing

• US 6,866,107 B2
• Filed: 06/13/2003
• Issued: 03/15/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Deka Products Limited Partnership
• Original Assignee: Deka Products Limited Partnership
• Inventors: Morrell, John B., Robinson, David W., Heinzmann, John David
• Primary Examiner(s): Morris, Lesley D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LUBY, MATTHEW D
• Application Number:
  US10/462,225
• Publication Number:
  US 20040007399A1
• Time in Patent Office: 641 Days
• Field of Search: 320/119, 315/82, 322/28, 322/90, 180/7.1, 180/21, 180/218, 180/282, 180/65.1, 180/68.5
• US Class Current: 180/7.1
• CPC Class Codes: A63C 17/12 with driving mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/16 Single-axle vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: B62K 11/007 Automatic balancing machines with single main ground engaging wheel or coaxial wheels supporting a rider
• CPC Class Codes: B62K 2204/00 Adaptations for driving cycles by electric motor for driving electrically assisted bicycles B62M6/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A device and method for equalizing the charge among a plurality of batteries redundantly driving a motor. The batteries are coupled to the motor through isolated windings and to each other through the drive shaft. The device senses the charge of the batteries and then controls the current from each of the batteries to its respective winding to equalize the charge. Related methods are provided to maximize the speed limit of a balancing transporter.

Claims

1. A method for equalizing the charge between a first battery and a second battery, the first battery providing a first current to a first winding of a motor and the second battery providing a second current to a second winding of the motor, the motor supplying power to a mechanical device, the method comprising:

a. determining a value of a parameter of the first battery and a value of the parameter of the second battery; and

b. adjusting the first current and the second current to reduce a difference of the value of the parameter of the first battery from the value of the parameter of the second battery.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the parameter is an open circuit voltage.

3. A method according to claim 1, further comprising:

c. limiting the performance of the mechanical device so that at least one of the first battery and the second battery can power the device.

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the mechanical device is a balancing transporter and the performance includes the speed of the transporter.

5. A device for reducing a charge difference between a first battery and a second battery, the first battery providing a first current to a first winding of a motor and the second battery providing a second current to a second winding of a motor, a first amplifier controlling the first current and a second amplifier controlling the second current, the device comprising a processor including:

a. a comparator that receives measurements of a value of a parameter of the first battery and a value of the parameter of the second battery; and

b. logic that controls the first amplifier and the second amplifier such that the difference between the value of the parameter of the first battery and the value of the parameter of the second battery is reduced.

6. A device according to claim 5, wherein the parameter is an open circuit voltage.

7. A method for maximizing the speed limit for a balancing transporter, the speed limit set to maintain balance, the method comprising:

a. providing a transporter including;

(i) a platform which supports a payload including the user,

(ii) a ground-contacting module, mounted to the platform, including at least one ground-contacting member, characterized by a ground contact region and a fore-aft plane, and

(iii) a motorized drive arrangement, coupled to the ground-contacting module, the drive arrangement, ground-contacting module and payload constituting a system being unstable with respect to tipping in at least the fore-aft plane when the motorized drive is not powered, the arrangement powered by a first battery and a second battery, the first battery providing a first current to a first winding of a motor and the second battery providing a second current to a second winding of the motor, the motor powering the arrangement;

b. causing the drive arrangement to operate the ground-contacting module using a control loop in which the drive arrangement is included, for dynamically maintaining stability of the system in the fore-aft plane by operation of the drive arrangement;

c. limiting the speed of the transporter so that at least one of the first battery and the second battery can accelerate the transporter; and

d. equalizing the charge across the first battery and the second battery.

8. A method according to claim 7, wherein equalizing the charge includes:

a. determining a value of a parameter of the first battery and a value of the parameter of the second battery; and

b. adjusting the first current and the second current to reduce a difference of the value of the parameter of the first battery from the value of the parameter of the second battery.

9. A transporter for carrying a payload including a user, the transporter comprising:

a. a platform which supports a payload including the user;

b. a ground-contacting module, mounted to the platform, including at least one ground-contacting member, characterized by a ground contact region and a fore-aft plane;

c. a motorized drive arrangement, coupled to the ground-contacting module, the drive arrangement, ground-contacting module and payload constituting a system being unstable with respect to tipping in at least the fore-aft plane when the motorized drive is not powered, the arrangement powered by a first battery and a second battery, the first battery providing a first current to a first winding of a motor and the second battery providing a second current to a second winding of the motor, the motor powering the arrangement; and

d. a controller including;

(i) a control loop in which the drive arrangement is included, for dynamically maintaining stability of the system in the fore-aft plane by operation of the drive arrangement so that the net torque experienced by the system about the region of contact with the surface causes a specified acceleration of the system,

(ii) a comparator that receives measurements of a value of a parameter of the first battery and a value of the parameter of the second battery, and

(iii) logic for limiting the speed of the transporter so that at least one of the first battery and the second battery can accelerate the transporter; and

(iv) logic for equalizing the charge across the first battery and the second battery.