High-impedance optical electrode
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A high-impedance optical electrode used for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
- a) a light source;
b) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output proportional to said bio-potential;
c) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator to an electrical signal;
d) electronic circuitry for providing an electronic output signal; and
e) a pilot tone generated by said electronic circuitry and superimposed on said bio-potential.
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Accused Products
Abstract
High-impedance optical electrodes modulate light in response to a life-form bio-potential and then converts the modulated light to an electrical signal that provides traditional EEG and EEC type output. Light splitters are used to provide multiple electrodes and an electronic reference source. A pilot tone is used to achieve high sensitivity and synchronize multiple units while an optical phase-shift modulator is used to reduce optical noise.
147 Citations
56 Claims
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1. A high-impedance optical electrode used for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output proportional to said bio-potential;
c) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator to an electrical signal;
d) electronic circuitry for providing an electronic output signal; and
e) a pilot tone generated by said electronic circuitry and superimposed on said bio-potential.
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2. A high-impedance optical electrode used for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output proportional to said bio-potential;
c) an optical splitter for splitting said light from said light source into at least a second light portion wherein said second light portion is used as an optical reference signal. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4)
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5. A high impedance optical electrode for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) a bio-potential;
c) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output;
d) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator into an electrical output; and
e) wherein at least one end of said electro-optic modulator connections to at least one member of a group of members consisting of;
an optical fiber, said light source, and said photodetector, is formed at an angle to vertical. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A high impedance optical electrode for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) a bio-potential;
c) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output;
d) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator into an electrical output; and
e) wherein at least said electro-optic modulator is enclosed in a housing at least partially covered with electro-magnetic shielding wherein said electro-magnetic shielding is a conductive paint. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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21. A high impedance optical electrode for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) a bio-potential;
c) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to said bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output;
d) wherein said electro-optic modulator is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer comprising a substrate having formed therein;
(1) a light input wave-guide receiving light from said light source;
(2) a splitter connected to said light input wave-guide;
(3) a first leg light wave-guide connected to said splitter;
(4) a second leg light wave-guide connected to said splitter;
(5) a combiner connected for receiving light from said first leg light wave-guide and said second leg light wave-guide; and
(6) a light output wave-guide connected to said combiner;
(7) a bio-potential plate mounted on said substrate between said first leg light wave-guide and said second light wave-guide;
(8) a first grounding plate mounted on said substrate on a side of said first leg light wave-guide opposite said bio-potential plate;
(9) a second grounding plate mounted on said substrate on a side of said second leg light wave-guide opposite said bio-potential plate;
(10) a pick-up pad electrically connected to said bio-potential plate; and
e) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator into an electrical output. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28)
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27. A high impedance optical electrode for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) a bio-potential;
c) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to said bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output;
d) wherein said electro-optic modulator is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer comprising a substrate having formed therein;
(1) a light input wave-guide receiving light from said light source;
(2) a splitter connected to said light input wave-guide;
(3) a first leg light wave-guide connected to said splitter;
(4) a second leg light wave-guide connected to said splitter;
(5) a combiner connected for receiving light from said first leg light wave-guide and said second leg light wave-guide; and
(6) a light output wave-guide connected to said combiner; and
e) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator into an electrical output; and
f) a spatial filter mounted to an end of said substrate. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30)
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31. A high impedance optical electrode for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a light source;
b) a bio-potential;
c) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output;
d) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator into an electrical output; and
e) a bio-potential plate for receiving said bio-potential and modulating said light in response thereto. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
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56. An optical electrode for measuring bio-potentials comprising:
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a) a low coherent laser diode light source;
b) a bio-potential;
c) an electro-optic modulator;
(1) receiving light from said light source;
(2) modulating said light in response to a bio-potential; and
(3) providing a modulated light output;
d) a photodetector for receiving and converting said modulated light output from said electro-optic modulator into an electrical output.
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Specification