Deposition monitoring system

• US 6,880,402 B1
• Filed: 10/26/2000
• Issued: 04/19/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (SLB)
• Original Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (SLB)
• Inventors: Couet, Benoit, Jones, Timothy Gareth John
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron
• Assistant Examiner(s): MILLER, ROSE MARY
• Application Number:
  US10/088,723
• Time in Patent Office: 1,636 Days
• Field of Search: 735/79, 736/51, 73/542.4, 73/542.5, 73/14.9, 73/645.3
• US Class Current: 73/579
• CPC Class Codes: B08B 2209/005 Use of ultrasonics or cavitation, e.g. as primary or secondary action
• CPC Class Codes: B08B 3/12 by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware using sonic or ultrasonic waves A47L15/13; of natural teeth, of prostheses using ultrasonic techniques similar to those used for natural teeth A61C17/20; application of ultrasonic vibrations to chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general B01J19/10
• CPC Class Codes: B08B 7/028 Using ultrasounds
• CPC Class Codes: B08B 9/027 Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 34/066 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 37/00 Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells E21B21/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 37/06 using chemical means for preventing or limiting , e.g. eliminating, the deposition of paraffins or like substances
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/006 Detection of corrosion or deposition of substances
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/085 using radiant means, e.g. acoustic, radioactive or electromagnetic
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/0231 Composite or layered materials
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02818 Density, viscosity
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02827 Elastic parameters, strength or force
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02854 Length, thickness
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02872 Pressure
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/0421 Longitudinal waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/0422 Shear waves, transverse waves, horizontally polarised waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/036 by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/2456 Focusing probes focusing arrangements G01N29/221
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 5/00 Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid G01N9/00 takes precedence ; weighing per se G01G

Abstract

Described is an apparatus for detecting and removing deposits from a surface exposed to wellbore fluids. The apparatus can monitor the rate of deposition and subsequently remove the deposited material. The combination of detection apparatus and removal apparatus provides an instrument with self-cleaning operation mode.

Claims

1. A deposit monitoring apparatus located above ground level comprising:

an acoustic device for operating in a longitudinal mode and in a resonance mode in a frequency range of 10 kHz to 250 kHz, the device including a monitoring surface directly exposed to fluids prone to causing deposition of material, wherein the deposition of the material on the monitoring surface is monitored by measuring a change in resonance frequency of the acoustic device; and

a power supply for supplying said acoustic device with electrical energy.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the acoustic device further comprises a transducer, and a focussing element coupled to the transducer.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the focussing element is an acoustic horn.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency of the acoustic device is in the range of 10 kHz to 150 kHz.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the resonance frequency of the acoustic device is in the range of 50 kHz to 100 kHz.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the fluids are primarily fluids produced by a hydrocarbon wellbore.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the monitoring surface is located on or near one of the following devices switches, valves, sleeves, mandrels, risers, subsea pipelines, surface separators and sensors located on surface facilities.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a deposit removal system for at least partially removing the deposition from the monitoring surface, the deposit removal system being in a control loop with said deposit monitoring apparatus.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the deposit removal system includes a deposition inhibiting or removing chemical agent.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the deposit removal system uses the acoustic device to exert a physical force onto the deposited material.

11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the deposition removal system is near a sensor having a sensor exposed to the fluids and the deposition removal system removes deposits from said exposed surface.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the sensor is selected from a group comprising optical sensors, electro-chemical sensors, or acoustic sensors.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the exposed sensor surface is selected from a group comprising optical windows, membranes, or sensitive areas of acoustic sensors.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising an additional sensing system to analyze material deposited on the monitoring surface.

15. A monitoring apparatus located above ground level comprising:

a monitor to measure characteristics of fluids, the monitor having a monitoring surface that is directly exposed to the fluids;

a deposit removal system including an acoustic device for exerting a physical force on the monitoring surface to at least partially remove deposition from the monitoring surface, the deposit removal system being in a control loop with said monitor; and

a power supply for supplying said acoustic device with electrical energy, wherein the monitor further uses said acoustic device, said acoustic device to be operated in a resonance mode, and wherein the monitor measures deposition of the material on the monitoring surface by measuring a change in resonance frequency of the acoustic device and wherein the acoustic device operates in a longitudinal mode.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the acoustic device further comprises a transducer, and a focussing element coupled to the transducer.

17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the resonance frequency of the acoustic device is in the range of 10 kHz to 150 kHz.

18. A monitoring apparatus located above ground level comprising:

a monitor to measure characteristics of fluids, the monitor having a monitoring surface that is directly exposed to the fluids;

a deposit removal system including an acoustic device for exerting a physical force on the monitoring surface to at least partially remove deposition from the monitoring surface, the deposit removal system being in a control loop with said monitor; and

a power supply for supplying said acoustic device with electrical energy, wherein the monitor is selected from a group comprising optical sensors, electro-chemical sensors, nuclear sensors, separation membranes, or acoustic sensors separate from the force exerting acoustic device.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the monitor is a gamma ray density measurement system.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the monitoring surface is a nuclear window.

21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the monitor is an optical fluid analyzer.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the monitoring surface includes an optical window.

23. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the monitor is used to measure activity of an ionic species contained in the wellbore fluid.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the monitoring surface is a membrane of an ion selective electrode.

25. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the monitoring surface is a separation membrane.

26. A deposit monitoring apparatus located above ground level comprising:

an acoustic device to operate in a resonance mode including a monitoring surface directly exposed to fluids produced by a hydrocarbon wellbore, wherein the deposition of material on the monitoring surface is monitored by measuring a change in resonance frequency of the acoustic device, and wherein by measuring said change in resonance frequency of the acoustic device a thickness of deposited material of 600 microns can be distinguished from a thickness of deposited material of 1050 microns; and

a power supply for supplying said acoustic device with electrical energy, wherein the acoustic device operates in a longitudinal mode.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the acoustic device further comprises a transducer, and an acoustic horn coupled to the transducer.

28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the resonance frequency of the acoustic device is in the range of 10 kHz to 150 kHz.