Auxiliary active clamp circuit, a method of clamping a voltage of a rectifier switch and a power converter employing the circuit or method

• US 6,882,548 B1
• Filed: 02/24/2003
• Issued: 04/19/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Acleap Power Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Tyco Electronics Power Systems Incorporated (General Electric Company)
• Inventors: Steel, John F., Pal, Subarna, Jacobs, Mark E.
• Primary Examiner(s): STERRETT, JEFFREY L
• Application Number:
  US10/373,418
• Time in Patent Office: 785 Days
• Field of Search: 363/21.06, 363/21.14, 363/56.05, 363/56.08, 363/56.11, 363/56.12, 363/89, 363/127
• US Class Current: 363/21.06
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/34 Snubber circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/342 Active non-dissipative snubbers
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33592 having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/08142 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The present invention is directed to an auxiliary active clamp circuit and a method of clamping a voltage of a rectifier switch associated with a power converter. The power converter includes a main active clamp circuit associated with a main power switch coupled to a primary winding of a transformer and a rectifier switch coupled to a secondary winding of the transformer. The main power switch conducts during a main conduction period of the power converter and the rectifier switch conducts during an auxiliary conduction period of the power converter. In one embodiment, the auxiliary active clamp circuit includes an auxiliary clamp capacitor, coupled across the rectifier switch, that stores a clamping voltage substantially equal to an off-state voltage of the rectifier switch. The auxiliary active clamp circuit also includes an auxiliary clamp switch, coupled in series with the auxiliary clamp capacitor, that receives a drive signal from a secondary winding and conducts during the main conduction period thereby clamping a voltage across the rectifier switch at about the clamping voltage.

Claims

1. For use with a power converter having a main active clamp circuit associated with a main power switch coupled to a primary winding of a transformer and a rectifier switch coupled to a secondary winding of said transformer, said main power switch configured to conduct during a main conduction period of said power converter and said rectifier switch configured to conduct during an auxiliary conduction period of said power converter, an auxiliary active clamp circuit, comprising:

an auxiliary clamp capacitor, coupled across said rectifier switch, configured to store a clamping voltage substantially equal to an off-state voltage of said rectifier switch; and

an auxiliary clamp switch, coupled in series with said auxiliary clamp capacitor, configured to receive a drive signal from another secondary winding and conduct during said main conduction period thereby clamping a voltage across said rectifier switch at about said clamping voltage.

2. The auxiliary active clamp circuit as recited in claim 1 further comprising a protection circuit or said auxiliary clamp switch.

3. The auxiliary active clamp circuit as recited in claim 2 wherein said protection circuit comprises a diode.

4. The auxiliary active clamp circuit as recited in claim 2 wherein said protection circuit comprises a plurality of resistors.

5. The auxiliary active clamp circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said main active clamp circuit is coupled across said main power switch.

6. The auxiliary active clamp circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said rectifier switch is a synchronous rectifier switch.

7. For use with a power converter having a main active clamp circuit associated with a main power switch coupled to a primary winding of a transformer and a rectifier switch coupled to a secondary winding of said transformer, said main power switch configured to conduct during a main conduction period of said power converter and said rectifier switch configured to conduct during an auxiliary conduction period of said power converter, a method of clamping a voltage of said rectifier switch, comprising:

storing a clamping voltage substantially equal to an off-state voltage of said rectifier switch;

providing a drive signal from another secondary winding to an auxiliary clamp switch;

causing said auxiliary clamp switch to conduct during said main conduction period; and

clamping a voltage across said rectifier switch at about said clamping voltage.

8. The method as recited in claim 7 further comprising providing a protection circuit for said auxiliary clamp switch.

9. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said protection circuit comprises a diode.

10. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said protection circuit comprises a plurality of resistors.

11. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein said main active clamp circuit is coupled across said main power switch.

12. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein said rectifier switch is a synchronous rectifier switch.

13. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein said power converter includes another rectifier switch and said method, further comprises:

storing a clamping voltage substantially equal to an off-state voltage of said another rectifier switch; and

clamping a voltage across said another rectifier switch at about said clamping voltage.

14. A power converter, comprising:

a main power switch coupled to an input of said power converter;

a main active clamp circuit associated with said main power switch that conducts during a main conduction period of said power converter;

a transformer having a primary winding coupled to said main power switch;

a rectifier coupled to a secondary winding of said transformer and including a rectifier switch that conducts during an auxiliary conduction period of said power converter; and

an auxiliary active clamp circuit, including;

an auxiliary clamp capacitor, coupled across said rectifier switch, that stores a clamping voltage substantially equal to an off-state voltage of said rectifier switch, and

an auxiliary clamp switch, coupled in series with said auxiliary clamp capacitor, that receives a drive signal from another a secondary winding and conducts during said main conduction period thereby clamping a voltage across said rectifier switch at about said clamping voltage.

15. The power converter as recited in claim 14 further comprising a protection circuit for said auxiliary clamp switch.

16. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said protection circuit comprises a parallel-coupled diode and resistor coupled to said auxiliary clamp switch.

17. The power converter as recited in claim 14 wherein said main active clamp circuit is coupled across said main power switch.

18. The power converter as recited in claim 14 wherein said rectifier switch is a synchronous rectifier switch.

19. The power converter as recited in claim 14 wherein said rectifier further comprises another rectifier switch and said power converter further comprises another auxiliary active clamp circuit, including:

another auxiliary clamp capacitor, coupled across said another rectifier switch, that stores a clamping voltage substantially equal to an off-state voltage of said another rectifier switch; and

another auxiliary clamp switch, coupled in series with said another auxiliary clamp capacitor, that clamps a voltage across said another rectifier switch at about said clamping voltage.

20. The power converter as recited in claim 19 wherein a drive signal for said another auxiliary clamp switch is derived from another secondary winding of said transformer of said power converter.