Inhalation device and method for delivering variable amounts of different components

• US 6,886,557 B2
• Filed: 10/31/2002
• Issued: 05/03/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Childers, Winthrop D., Tyvoll, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Bennett, Henry
• Assistant Examiner(s): WIEKER, AMANDA FLYNN
• Application Number:
  US10/286,204
• Publication Number:
  US 20040084044A1
• Time in Patent Office: 915 Days
• Field of Search: 128/200.14, 128/200.19, 128/200.23, 128/203.12, 128/204.21, 128/204.23, 128/202.21, 131/273
• US Class Current: 128/200.14
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0003 with means for dispensing more than one drug
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0065 Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices A61M15/0028 takes precedence; dosage devices incorporated in aerosol cans B65D83/52
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0066 with means for varying the dose size
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/008 Electronic counters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0083 Timers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/025 Bubble jet droplet ejection devices

Abstract

An inhalation device configured to programmably emit small droplets of multiple components in which quantities of the multiple components can vary with each successive activation of the inhalation device.

Claims

1. An inhalation device comprising:

an inhalation chamber;

control electronics having an information storage portion;

first and second microfluidic aerosol generators governed by the control electronics, the first and second microfluidic aerosol generators capable of contemporaneously emitting droplets of a first material and a second material, respectively, into the inhalation chamber to form a single inhalable composition, wherein the first and second materials are pharmacologically different from each other;

a reservoir in fluid communication with the first and second microfluidic aerosol generators and including a plurality of chambers with a first chamber and a second chamber in fluid communication, respectively, with the first and second aerosol generators, the first chamber configured to contain the first material and the second chamber configured to contain the second material;

wherein the information storage portion stores a regimen of doses to enable the control electronics to direct quantities of the first and second materials to be emitted with each activation of the inhalation device as the single inhalable composition, and to direct the quantities of the first and second pharmacologically different materials to vary with respect to each other to alter the concentration of the first material relative to the second material in the single inhalable composition over the regimen of doses.

2. The inhalation device of claim 1 wherein both the first and second materials are pharmacologically active.

3. The inhalation device of claim 2 wherein the first material has primary pharmacological activity and a second pharmacologically active material has substitutional pharmacological activity.

4. The inhalation device of claim 3 wherein the amount of the material having primary pharmacological activity is decreased in response to at least one of elapsed time, use frequency and a programmed weaning protocol, and wherein the amount of the material having substitutional activity is delivered in an amount complimentary to the amount of the material having primary pharmacological activity delivered.

5. The inhalation device of claim 4 wherein the material having primary pharmacological activity is nicotine.

6. The inhalation device of claim 5 wherein the material having substitutional pharmacological activity includes at least one of flavoring compounds, fragrance compounds, bronchodilators, adjuvants, and complimentary medicants.

7. The inhalation device of claim 6 wherein the flavoring compound includes at least one of eucalyptus extract, mint, mint oil and menthol.

8. The inhalation device of claim 6 wherein the flavoring compound includes at least one of vanilla and cocoa.

9. The inhalation device of claim 6 wherein the adjuvant compound includes at least one of ammonium compounds and levulinic acid.

10. The inhalation device of claim 6 wherein the complimentary medicant includes at least one of cough suppressants, expectorants, and throat soothers.

11. The inhalation device of claim 1 wherein the regimen of doses for quantities of the first and second materials to be emitted includes at least one of total dosage, programmed dispersing regimen, amounts of respective quantities dispensed, interval since last dispensation, and use frequency.

12. The inhalation device of claim 1 wherein the information storage portion of the control electronics includes a look-up table specifying quantities of the first and second materials to be ejected with each activation of the inhalation device.

13. The inhalation device of claim 1 wherein the information storage portion of the control electronics includes a mathematical algorithm controlling quantities of the first and second materials to be ejected with each activation of the inhalation device wherein quantities vary with each successive activation.

14. The inhalation device of claim 1 wherein the first and second microfluidic aerosol generators are microfluidic drop ejection devices, each microfluidic drop ejector configured to dispense an associated pharmacologically active material.

15. The inhalation device of claim 1 further comprising a sensor capable of detecting at least one externally originated event actionable on the device, the sensor capable of emitting at least one signal receivable by the control electronics.

16. The inhalation device of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second material is a fluidizable solid.

17. A smoking cessation device comprising:

an inhalation passage;

control electronics having an information storage portion;

first and second microfluidic aerosol generators under control of the control electronics, a first microfluidic aerosol generator delivering quantities of a nicotine-containing material and a second microfluidic aerosol generator delivering quantities of an associated smoking cessation agent contemporaneously with the nicotine-containing material, respectively, into the inhalation passage to form a single inhalable composition;

a reservoir in fluid communication with the first and second microfluidic aerosol generators and including a plurality of chambers with a first chamber and a second chamber in fluid communication, respectively, with the first and second aerosol generators, and the first chamber configured to contain the nicotine-containing material and the second chamber configured to contain the associated smoking cessation agent including at least one of flavouring compounds, fragrance compounds, bronchodilators, adjuvants, and complimentary medicants;

wherein the information storage portion stores a regimen of doses to enable the control electronics to direct quantities of the nicotine-containing material and the associated smoking cessation agent to be delivered on each-activation of the smoking cessation device as the single inhalable composition, causing the quantity of the nicotine-containing material to decrease over the regimen and the quantity of the associated smoking cessation agent to increase over the regimen to alter the concentration of the nicotine-containing material relative to the associated smoking cessation agent in the single inhalable composition over the regimen of doses.

18. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 wherein the control electronics includes logic to regulate and vary quantities of nicotine-containing material and the associated smoking cessation agent in response to at least one of total dosage, programmed dispensing regimen, amounts of respective quantities dispensed, interval since last dispensation, and usage frequency.

19. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 further comprising at least one sensor capable of detecting at least one externally originated event actionable on the device, the sensor capable of emitting at least one signal receivable by the control electronics.

20. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 wherein the first and second microfluidic aerosol generators are microfluidic drop ejection devices.

21. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 wherein the associated smoking cessation agent includes at least one of flavoring compounds, fragrance compounds, bronchodilators, adjuvants, and complimentary medicants.

22. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 wherein the information storage portion of the control electronics includes at least one of a look-up table and an algorithm.

23. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 wherein the control electronics operate on the first and second microfluidic aerosol generators to administer total dose of nicotine-containing material over a defined interval and a variable amount of associated smoking cessation agent, the amount of associated smoking cessation agent administered determined by at least one of the amount of nicotine-containing material delivered, interval since last device activation, and frequency of activation.

24. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 further comprising a lockout mechanism for preventing emission of amount of nicotine in excess of a predetermined amount contained in the information storage portion.

25. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 further comprising a user interface device for permitting adjustment of the amount of smoking cessation agent delivered.

26. The smoking cessation device of claim 17 wherein delivered quantities of nicotine-containing material and quantities of associated smoking cessation agent vary with respect to number and sequence of activations of the inhalation device.

27. The smoking cessation device of claim 26 wherein delivered quantities of nicotine-containing material and quantities of associated smoking cessation agent remain constant over multiple activations.

28. The smoking cessation device of claim 26 wherein delivered quantities of nicotine-containing material and quantities of associated smoking cessation agent remain constant over a chronological interval.

29. An inhalation device comprising:

an inhalation chamber;

control electronics having an information storage portion and a chronometer;

first, second and third microfluidic aerosol generators under the control of the control electronics, the first, second, and third aerosol generators are capable of contemporaneously emitting droplets of first, second and third materials, respectively, into the inhalation chamber to form a single inhalable composition, wherein the first, second, and third materials are pharmacologically different from each other;

a reservoir in fluid communication with the first, second, and third microfluidic aerosol generators and including a plurality of chambers with a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber in fluid communication, respectively, with the first, second, and third respective aerosol generators, wherein the first chamber is configured to contain the first material, the second chamber is configured to contain the second material, and the third chamber is configured to contain the third material;

wherein the information storage portion stores a regimen of doses to enable the control electronics to direct quantities of the first, second, and third materials to be emitted upon activation of the inhalation device as the single inhalable composition, and to direct the quantities of the first and second materials to vary with respect to each other to alter the concentration of the first material relative to the second material in the single inhalable composition over the regimen of doses over the regimen and to direct the quantity of the third material to be regulated over time via the chronometer.

30. The inhalation device of claim 29 further comprising an interface, the interface actionable on the control electronics to adjust emission of at least one of the pharmacologically active materials.

31. The inhalation device of claim 29 further comprising a sensor capable of detecting at lest one externally originated event actionable on the device, the sensor capable of generating at least one signal receivable by the control electronics.

32. The inhalation device of claim 29 wherein the information storage portion of the control electronics includes a look-up table specifying quantities of the first and second materials to be emitted upon activation of the inhalation device.

33. The inhalation device of claim 29 wherein the regimen stored in the information storage portion of the control electronics includes a mathematical algorithm controlling quantities of the first and second materials to be ejected with each activation of the inhaler, the quantities vary with each successive activation.

34. The inhalation device of claim 29 wherein the first, second and third aerosol generators are microfluidic drop ejection devices.

35. An inhalation device comprising:

an inhalation chamber;

means for storing a first material separately from a second material;

means for generating aerosolized quantities of first and second materials from first and second chambers and introducing the materials into the inhalation chamber to form a single inhalable composition, wherein the first material and the second material are pharmacologically different from each other; and

means for controlling aerosolized generation of the first and second materials over a regimen of doses such that the quantities of the first and second material are variable with respect to each other to alter the concentration of the first material relative to the second material in the single inhalable composition over the regimen of doses.