RFID based security system

• US 6,888,459 B2
• Filed: 02/03/2003
• Issued: 05/03/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The ADT Security Corporation (Apollo Global Management, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: LifeShield LLC (Apollo Global Management, Inc.)
• Inventors: Stilp, Louis A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hofsass, Jeffrey
• Assistant Examiner(s): Blount, Eric
• Application Number:
  US10/356,512
• Publication Number:
  US 20040150521A1
• Time in Patent Office: 820 Days
• Field of Search: 340/541, 340/572.1, 340/545.1, 340/506, 340/507, 340/539.14, 340/539.16, 340/539.17, 340/5.2, 340/5.1, 340/310.01, 340/825.36, 340/825.49, 340/10.1, 340/10.34, 340/539.22, 340/508, 340/5.61, 700/79, 700 80- 82
• US Class Current: 340/541
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/27 with central registration
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/28 the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2417 having a radio frequency identification chip
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2454 Checking of authorisation of a person accessing tagged items in an EAS system
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2462 Asset location systems combined with EAS inventory, tracking, logistic G06Q10/00; entrance control systems G07C9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/248 EAS system combined with another detection technology, e.g. dual EAS and video or other presence detection system
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/002 Generating a prealarm to the central station
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/008 Alarm setting and unsetting, i.e. arming or disarming of the security system
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/06 using power transmission lines
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/08 using communication transmission lines G08B13/19658, G08B21/0286, G08B25/016 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/16 Security signalling or alarm systems, e.g. redundant systems
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 3/1083 Pager locating systems

Abstract

A system and method for constructing a security system for a building using at least one RFID reader to communicate with at least one RFID transponder to provide the radio link between each of a number of openings and a controller capable of causing an alert in the event of an intrusion. The RFID transponder is connected to an intrusion sensor. The controller preferably communicates with the RFID reader using a power line communications protocol. The RFID transponder can contain a battery. The RFID reader contains means for transferring power to an RFID transponder for the purpose of charging any battery. The security system can contain more than one controller, whereby the RFID reader can communicate with more than one controller.

Claims

1. A security system for use in a building with at least a first opening to be monitored for intrusion, said security system comprising:

at least a first controller and a second controller,

at least a first intrusion sensor monitoring at least the first opening, said first intrusion sensor being connected to a first RFID transponder,

at least a first RFID reader in wireless communications with at least said first RFID transponder, and in communications with at least the first controller,

wherein said first controller and said second controller both receive communications from said RFID reader indicating whether said intrusion sensor has detected an intrusion, and wherein said first controller and said second controller contain arbitration logic to determine which of said first controller and said second controller will in turn cause an alert indicating that said intrusion sensor has detected an intrusion.

2. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID transponder includes a battery to power at least a portion of circuits included in said first RFID transponder.

3. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader communicates with at least said first controller using a power line carrier protocol.

4. The security system of claim 1, further comprising:

a second intrusion sensor monitoring a second opening, said second intrusion sensor being connected to a second RFID transponder,

wherein the first RFID reader is in wireless communications with both said first RFID transponder and second RFID transponder, and

wherein at least said first controller is configured to receive communications from the RFID reader indicating which of said intrusion sensors have detected an intrusion.

5. The security system of claim 1, wherein at least said first controller is configured to cause an alert by sending a message to at least one emergency response agency using a public switched telephone network.

6. The security system of claim 1, wherein at least said first controller is configured to cause an alert by sending a message to at least one emergency response agency using at least one commercial mobile radio service.

7. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader is configured to communicate with at least said first controller using a hardwired connection.

8. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader includes means for transferring power to said first RFID transponder using radio waves.

9. The security system of claim 2, wherein said first RFID transponder includes means for receiving power from radio waves, means for converting the power received from the radio waves, and means for using the converted power to charge the battery.

10. The security system of claim 8, wherein said first RFID reader is configured to switch its means for transferring power to one or more of said RFID transponders on and off.

11. The security system of claim 8, wherein said first RFID reader is configured to receive a status message from at least one RFID transponder, said status message comprising at least a single bit and indicating whether said at least one RFID transponder requires power for charging a battery of said at least one RFID transponder.

12. The security system of claim 2, wherein said first RFID transponder includes—

means for conserving stored energy in the battery by placing at least a portion of said RFID transponder into a sleep mode during periods of inactivity.

13. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader includes an acoustic transducer, coupled with algorithms, capable of detecting the breakage of glass.

14. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader also contains an acoustic transducer capable of receiving sound waves, and a means for sending said sound waves to at least the first controller.

15. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader includes a processing apparatus and algorithms using microwave Doppler analysis configured to detect motion.

16. The security system of claim 1, wherein said first RFID reader is in wireless communications with an RFID tag carried by a person or animal or placed on an object.

17. The security system of claim 1, including an interface module containing means whereby at least one of the first controller and the second controller can monitor a contact “

closed”

or “

open”

status of at least one wired sensor.

18. The security system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first controller and the second controller is in communications with at least one passive infrared sensor using a power line communications protocol.

19. An RFID reader for use in a security system that monitors a building for possible intrusion, said RFID reader comprising:

means for communicating with at least a first controller and a second controller in a security system capable of causing an alert, wherein said first controller and said second controller contain arbitration logic to determine which of said first controller and said second controller will cause an alert indicating that an intrusion sensor has detected an intrusion,

means for communicating with at least a first RFID transponder using wireless communication,

logic, implemented in either firmware of software, for receiving a message from at least said first RFID transponder indicating whether the intrusion sensor has detected an intrusion, and

logic, implemented in either firmware or software, for sending a message to at least said first controller and said second controller of the security system indicating whether the intrusion sensor has detected an intrusion.

20. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader includes means for transferring power to one or more RFID transponders using radio waves for charging batteries, if present, in said one or more RFID transponders.

21. The RFID reader of claim 20, wherein the RFID reader is configured to switch said means for transferring power to said one or more RFID transponders using radio waves on and off.

22. The RFID reader of claim 21, wherein the RFID reader receives a status message from at least one of said RFID transponders comprising at least a single bit, wherein the status message indicates whether said at least one RFID transponder requires power for charging a battery of said at least one RFID transponder.

23. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader communicates with at least said first controller using a power line carrier protocol.

24. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader communicates with at least said first controller using a hardwired connection.

25. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader comprises an acoustic transducer, coupled with algorithms, capable of detecting the breakage of glass.

26. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader comprises an acoustic transducer capable of receiving sound waves, and a means for sending said sound waves to at least one of said first and second controllers.

27. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader comprises a processing apparatus and algorithms for using microwave Doppler analysis to detect motion.

28. The RFID reader of claim 19, wherein the RFID reader is in wireless communications with an RFID tag carried by a person or animal or placed on an object.

29. A method of monitoring intrusion in a building comprising at least a first opening, said method comprising the steps of:

detecting an intrusion with at least a first intrusion sensor,

receiving a message from at least a first RFID transponder at a first RFID reader indicating that said intrusion sensor has detected the intrusion,

receiving a message at at least a first and a second controller from at least said first RFID reader indicating that said first intrusion sensor has detected the intrusion,

determining, using arbitration logic, which of said first controller and said second controller will cause an alert indicating that said first intrusion sensor has detected the intrusion, and

causing the alert.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein at least one of said first controller and said second controller causes the alert by sending a message to at least one emergency response agency using at least one commercial mobile radio service.

31. The method of claim 29, wherein at least one of said first controller and said second controller causes the alert by sending a message to at least one emergency response agency using a public switched telephone network.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein the first RFID reader sends its message to said first controller and said second controller using a power line carrier protocol.