Method and apparatus for fast acquisition and low SNR tracking in satellite positioning system receivers

• US 6,888,879 B1
• Filed: 02/24/2000
• Issued: 05/03/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Trimble Navigation Limited (Trimble Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Trimble Navigation Limited (Trimble Inc.)
• Inventors: Lennen, Gary R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bocure, Tesfaldet
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kumar, Pankaj
• Application Number:
  US09/512,243
• Time in Patent Office: 1,895 Days
• Field of Search: 375/150, 375/130, 375/147, 375/140, 375/377, 375/224, 375/145, 375/149, 342/134, 342/135, 701/200, 701/207, 701/213, 708/100, 708/200, 708/201, 708/210, 708/212, 708/235, 708/505, 711/100, 711/101
• US Class Current: 375/149
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/24 Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system synchronisation aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation H04B1/7073
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/246 involving long acquisition integration times, extended snapshots of signals or methods specifically directed towards weak signal acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/30 code related G01S19/246 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7075 with code phase acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2201/70715 with application-specific features

Abstract

A satellite positioning system (SATPS) receiver has a mix of standard and enhanced digital channel processors. The standard digital channel processors perform continuous tracking. During a low SNR and/or fast acquisition mode, the enhanced digital channel processor accumulates samples of a SATPS signal that are identically positioned within corresponding PRN code repetition periods, and plays back the stored accumulated values of the samples in an integration period to a correlation section for correlation with a locally generated PRN code.

Claims

1. An enhanced digital channel processor for a satellite positioning system (SATPS) receiver, comprising:

a memory processor having a storage device,

wherein, during a low SNR and/or fast acquisition mode, said memory processor accumulates samples of a down-converted SATPS signal that have sequential ordinal positions that are repeated within each of a plurality of pseudo-random noise (PRN) code repetition periods in an integration period, stores in said storage device a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period, and plays the sums back at a substantially accelerated rate.

2. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, wherein

said memory processor further comprises an adder processor, and

said adder processor supplies said samples to said storage device without accumulation during a first PRN code repetition period in said integration period and supplies to said storage device an accumulation of said samples and an output of said storage device during subsequent PRN code repetition periods in said integration period.

3. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 2, wherein

said storage device comprises at least two storage parts, and

said samples or accumulated values supplied to said storage device are written to one of the storage parts and the values stored in another of the storage parts is played back at said accelerated rate.

4. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, wherein

said integration period is greater than a data bit period, and

said memory processor uses data bit transition information provided by at least one of (i) an external sources supplied via a communication link, (ii) an estimation technique, and (iii) satellite data information obtained while locked onto a satellite.

5. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, further comprising a decimation filter,

wherein samples of a down-converted incoming signal supplied by said down-converter are decimated by said decimation filter and the output of the declination filter is supplied to said memory processor as said samples of said down-converted SATPS signal.

6. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, further comprising

a correlation section,

wherein a first signal comprising said accumulated sums played back by said memory processor at an accelerated rate is supplied to said correlation section during said low SNR and/or fast acquisition mode, and a second signal comprising said samples of said down-converted SATPS signal is supplied to said correlation section during a normal mode.

7. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 6, wherein

said correlation section includes a code generator and a code mixer, and

said code mixer makes a predetermined number of time-delayed comparisons between the signal supplied to said correlation section and a locally generated PRN code supplied by said code generator, and generates output signals corresponding to the respective time-delayed comparisons.

8. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, further comprising

fast playback circuitry in at least one of a code mixer, correlators, a code generator and a code NCO,

wherein said fast playback circuitry provides acceleration of code phase search.

9. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, wherein said samples are supplied to said memory processor at a first rate and said accumulated sums are played back at a second rate that is substantially accelerated relative to said first rate.

10. An enhanced digital channel processor according to claim 1, wherein said memory processor is powered down during a continuous tracking mode.

11. A satellite positioning system (SATPS) receiver, comprising:

at least one enhanced digital channel processor processing input signal samples, each of said at least one enhanced digital channel processor having a memory processor which, during a low SNR and/or fast acquisition mode, accumulates samples of a down-converted SATPS signal that have sequential ordinal positions that are repeated within each of a plurality of pseudo-random noise (PRN) code repetition periods in an integration period, stores in said storage device a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period, and plays back at a substantially accelerated rate the accumulated sums for the respective sample positions of the PRN code repetition period.

12. A satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 11, further comprising

at least one standard digital channel processor,

wherein said at least one standard digital channel processor is used for standard tracking operation, and said at least one enhanced digital channel processor is used for low SNR and fast acquisition.

13. A satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 11, wherein during a normal mode said at least one enhanced digital channel processor operates as a standard digital channel processor and performs continuous tracking.

14. A satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 11, wherein during a continuous tracking mode of the enhanced digital channel processor said memory processor of the enhanced digital channel processor is powered down.

15. A satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 11, further comprising

a down-converter and a decimation filter,

wherein samples of an incoming signal down-converted by said down-converter are decimated by said decimation filter and the output of the declination filter is supplied as said samples of said down-converted SATPS signal.

16. A method for low SNR and/or fast acquisition and measurement for a satellite positioning system (SATPS) receiver, comprising the steps of:

accumulating samples of a down-convened SATPS signal that have sequential ordinal positions that are repeated within each of a plurality of pseudo-random noise (PRN) code repetition periods in an integration period, stores in said storage device a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period; and

playing back at a substantially accelerated rate the accumulated sums for the respective sample positions of the PRN code repetition period.

17. A method of low SNR and/or fast acquisition and measurement for a satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 16, further comprising the step of

storing the accumulated values in one of at least two parts of a storage device and reading the stored values of another of said at least two parts of the storage device.

18. A method of low SNR and/or fast acquisition and measurement for a satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

making a predetermined number of time-delayed comparisons between a signal comprising the accumulated values played back at an accelerated rate on the one hand and a locally generated PRN code supplied by said code generator on the other hand; and

generating output signals corresponding to the respective time-delayed comparisons.

19. A method of low SNR and/or fast acquisition and measurement for a satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 16, further comprising the step of

determining data bit transition by using information provided by at least one of (i) an external sources supplied via a communication link, (ii) an estimation technique, and (iii) satellite data information obtained while locked onto a satellite.

20. A method of low SNR and/or fast acquisition and measurement for a satellite positioning system receiver according to claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

sampling at a rate that is consistent with the Nyquist sampling requirement a down-converted incoming signal; and

decimating the samples produced by the sampling step and supplying the decimation result as said samples of said down-converted SATPS signal.

21. In a system wherein an incoming signal is transmitted in successive pseudo-random noise (PRN) code repetition periods, an enhanced processor comprising:

a memory for accumulating digital samples of said signal, wherein said samples have sequential ordinal positions that are repeated within each of a plurality of pseudo-random noise (PRN code repetition periods in an integration period, stores in said storage device a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period; and

playback apparatus for playing back the accumulated samples for each of said positions at a rate that is accelerated as compared to the rate at which said memory accumulates said samples.

22. A system according to claim 21 wherein the signals comprise satellite navigation signals.

23. A system according to claim 21 further comprising:

a multiplexor;

a slow clock signal supplied to said multiplexor;

a fast clock signal supplied to said multiplexor; and

a controller for selecting one of said slow clock signal and said fast clock signal as an output of said multiplexor and supplying said multiplexor output to said playback apparatus for controlling said playback rate.

24. A system according to claim 23 wherein said playback apparatus comprises:

at least one correlator and

a local signal generator for generating a local signal and supplying it to said correlator for correlation with said incoming signal;

wherein

said multiplexor output is supplied to said correlator and clocks operation of said correlator.

25. A method comprising the steps of:

receiving an incoming signal that is transmitted in successive pseudo-random noise (PRN) code repetition periods;

accumulating digital samples of said signal, wherein said samples have sequential ordinal positions that are repented within each of a plurality of pseudo-random noise (PRN) code repetition periods in an integration period, stores in said storage device a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period; and

playing back the accumulated samples for each of said positions at a rate that is accelerated as compared to the rate of accumulating said samples.

26. A signal receiver for receiving a signal that is spread by a repeating signal code having a plurality of code repetition periods in an integration period, comprising:

a memory processor for accumulating symbol values of a frequency translated representation of said signal, wherein said symbol values have sequential ordinal signal time positions that are repeated within each of said code repetition periods for providing a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period; and

a correlation section for correlating said integration period accumulation values with a locally generated replica of said signal code for determining correlations for time relationships, respectively, between said signal code and said replica code.

27. The receiver of claim 26, wherein:

the correlation section includes a plurality of code multipliers for multiplying said replica code at a plurality of delays, respectively, times said integration period accumulation values for providing a plurality of products; and

a plurality of accumulators for accumulating said products, respectively, for providing said correlations.

28. The receiver of claim 26, wherein:

the memory processor includes an adder processor for adding newly received ones of said symbol values with accumulated ones of said symbol values according to said signal time positions; and

a comparator for compressing said accumulated symbol values into compressed values and issuing said compressed values as said integration period accumulation values.

31. The receiver of claim 26, wherein:

the memory processor includes first and second memory blocks for accumulating said symbol values during alternate ones of said signal integration period.

32. The receiver of claim 31, wherein:

said signal includes data bits having a data bit period of a certain multiple of said code repetition period; and

the memory processor further includes a control processor using information for transitions of said data bits for alternating between said first and second memory blocks.

33. The receiver of claim 26, wherein:

said signal is a global positioning system (GPS) signal.

29. A signal receiver for receiving a signal that is spread by a repeating signal code having a code repetition period, comprising:

a memory processor for accumulating symbol values of a frequency translated representation of said signal, said symbol values being accumulated for repeating signal time positions, respectively, within said code repetition period during a signal integration period of more than one said code repetition period for providing integration period accumulation values corresponding to said signal time positions, respectively; and

a correlation section for correlating said integration period accumulation values with a locally generated replica of said signal code for determining correlations for time relationships, respectively, between said signal code and said replica code;

wherein

the memory processor includes an adder processor for adding newly received ones of said symbol values with accumulated ones of said symbol values according to said signal time positions; and

a comparator for compressing said accumulated symbol values into compressed values and issuing said compressed values as said integration period accumulation values; and

wherein;

said accumulated symbol values include a first symbol accumulation bit and an accumulated magnitude value for symbol accumulation bits not including said first symbol accumulation bit; and

said compressed values respectively include a first bit corresponding to said first symbol accumulation bit, a second bit depending upon said accumulated magnitude value being greater or lesser than a first threshold; and

a third bit depending upon said accumulated magnitude value being greater or lesser than a second threshold.

30. The receiver of claim 29, wherein:

said first threshold is about 42/64 of a full range of said accumulated magnitude value; and

said second threshold is about 20/64 of a full range of said accumulated magnitude value.

34. A method for receiving a signal that is spread by a repeating signal code having a plurality of code repetition periods in an integration period, comprising:

accumulating symbol values of a frequency translated representation of said signal, wherein said symbol values have sequential ordinal signal time positions that are repeated within each of said code repetition periods for providing a separate accumulated sum for each ordinal position of each code repetition period; and

correlating said integration period accumulation values with a locally generated replica of said signal code for determining correlations for time relationships, respectively, between said signal code and said replica code.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein:

the step of correlating includes multiplying said integration period accumulation values times said replica code at a plurality of delays for providing a plurality of products, respectively; and

accumulating said respective products for providing said correlations.

36. The method of claim 34, wherein:

the step of accumulating signal symbol values includes adding newly received ones of said symbol values with accumulated ones of said symbol values according to said signal time positions;

compressing said accumulated symbol values into compressed values; and

issuing said compressed values as said integration period accumulation values.

39. The method of claim 34, wherein:

the step of accumulating symbol values includes alternating between first and second memory blocks for accumulating said symbol values during successive ones of said signal integration period.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein:

said signal includes data bits having a data bit period of a certain multiple of said code repetition period; and

said step of alternating includes receiving information for transitions of said data bits;

and using said data bit transition information for alternating between said first and second memory blocks.

41. The method of claim 34, wherein:

said signal is a global positioning system (GPS) signal.

37. A method for receiving a signal that is spread by a repeating signal code having a code repetition period, comprising:

accumulating symbol values of a frequency translated representation of said signal, said symbol values being accumulated for repeating signal time positions, respectively, within said code repetition period during a signal integration period of more than one said code repetition period for determining integration period accumulation values corresponding to said signal time positions, respectively; and

correlating said integration period accumulation values with a locally generated replica of said signal code for determining correlations for time relationships, respectively, between said signal code and said replica code, wherein;

the step of accumulating signal symbol values includes adding newly received ones of said symbol values with accumulated ones of said symbol values according to said signal time positions;

compressing said accumulated symbol values into compressed values; and

issuing said compressed values as said integration period accumulation values;

said accumulated symbol values include a first symbol accumulation bit and an accumulated magnitude value for symbol accumulation bits not including said first symbol accumulation bit; and

said compressed values respectively include a first bit corresponding to said first symbol accumulation bit, a second bit depending upon said accumulated magnitude value being greater or lesser than a first threshold, and a third bit depending upon said accumulated magnitude value being greater or lesser than a second threshold.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein:

said first threshold is about 42/64 of a full range of said accumulated magnitude value;

and said second threshold is about 20/64 of a full range of said accumulated magnitude value.