Controlled release agricultural products and processes for making same
First Claim
1. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
- particles of an absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, said particles of absorbent material being agglomerated into granules.
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Abstract
A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product including particles of an absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, being produced by a process including steps of 1) introducing water to particles of absorbent material to result in absorption of water within the absorbent material, 2) heating the absorbent particles and water to transform the water within the absorbent particles to steam, 3) introducing the heated absorbent particles to an agriculturally beneficial material in aqueous solution to essentially saturate the absorbent particles with the agriculturally beneficial material, 4) granulating the combination of agriculturally beneficial material and saturated absorbent particles to solidify and harden the mixture, resulting in the agglomeration of absorbent particles into granules, and 5) drying the granules.
202 Citations
146 Claims
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1. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
particles of an absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, said particles of absorbent material being agglomerated into granules. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
a particulate absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with a mixture of an interspatial blocker and an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, wherein the particles of particulate absorbent material are agglomerated into granules. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
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36. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
particles of expanded perlite as an absorbent material, containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, wherein the particles of expanded perlite are agglomerated into granules. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
particles of expanded perlite as an absorbent material, containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with a mixture of an interspatial blocker and an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, wherein the particles of expanded perlite are agglomerated into granules. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46)
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47. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
particles of exfoliated perlite as an absorbent material, containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with a mixture of an interspatial blocker and an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51, 52)
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53. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
particulate exfoliated perlite as an absorbent material, containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with a mixture of a vegetable starch and an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, said particles of exfoliated perlite being agglomerated into granules. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82)
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83. A process for preparing a controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising the following steps:
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introducing a predetermined amount of water to particles of absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, to result in absorption of water within the absorbent material;
heating the absorbent particles and water to transform the water within the absorbent particles to steam;
introducing the heated absorbent particles to an agriculturally beneficial material in aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides for blending to essentially saturate the absorbent particles with the agriculturally beneficial material;
granulating the combination of agriculturally beneficial material and saturated absorbent particles to solidify and harden the mixture within the absorbent particles and outside the particles, resulting in the agglomeration of absorbent particles into granules; and
drying the granules. - View Dependent Claims (84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107)
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108. A process for preparing a controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising the following steps:
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introducing a predetermined amount of water to particles of absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, to result in absorption of water within the absorbent material;
heating the absorbent particles and water to transform the water within the absorbent particles to steam;
mixing an interspatial blocker material and an agriculturally beneficial material in aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides;
introducing the heated absorbent particles to the mixture of agriculturally beneficial material and interspatial blocker for blending and for absorption by the absorbent particles of the mixture of agriculturally beneficial material and interspatial blocker;
granulating the combination of agriculturally beneficial material, interspatial blocker and absorbent particles to solidify and harden the mixture within the absorbent particles and outside the particles, resulting in the agglomeration of absorbent particles into granules; and
drying the granules. - View Dependent Claims (109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144)
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145. A process for preparing a controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising the following steps:
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introducing a predetermined amount of water to particles of expanded perlite as an absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter, to result in absorption of water within the particles of expanded perlite;
exfoliating the particles of expanded perlite by heating the particles of expanded perlite and water to transform the water within the particles of expanded perlite to steam sufficient to rupture the outer surface of the particles of expanded perlite;
mixing an interspatial blocker material and an agriculturally beneficial material in aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides;
introducing the exfoliated particles of expanded perlite to the mixture of agriculturally beneficial material and interspatial blocker for blending and absorption of the mixture of agriculturally beneficial material and interspatial blocker by the particles;
granulating the combination of agriculturally beneficial material, interspatial blocker and absorbed exfoliated particles to solidify and harden the mixture within the absorbed particles and outside the particles, resulting in the agglomeration of particles into granules; and
drying the granules.
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146. A controlled release agricultural absorbent based product comprising:
a particulate absorbent material containing capillaries/voids between 10-200 microns in cross-sectional diameter which is impregnated in an amount of 40-95% of the capillaries/voids volume with a mixture of an interspatial blocker and an agriculturally beneficial material selected from the group consisting of fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, wherein the interspatial blocker is selected from the group consisting of plant starches, protein gels, collagen based glues, casein based glues, blood based glues, vegetable protein based glues, rubber latex, gums, terpene resins, mucilages, asphalts, pitches, hydrocarbon resins, sodium silicate, phosphate cements, calcium-oxide cements, hydraulic cements, gelling clays and synthetic gel forming compounds.
Specification