Tunable spectral filter

• US 6,891,676 B2
• Filed: 01/10/2003
• Issued: 05/10/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bookham Incorporated (Oclaro (North America), Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Bookham Incorporated (Oclaro (North America), Inc.)
• Inventors: Ford, Joseph Earl, Wilson, Gordon
• Primary Examiner(s): Assaf, Fayez G.
• Application Number:
  US10/340,219
• Publication Number:
  US 20040136074A1
• Time in Patent Office: 851 Days
• Field of Search: 359/572, 359/569, 385/16, 385/37, 385/24, 356/326, 356/328, 356/334, 250/339.07
• US Class Current: 359/572
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/2931 Diffractive element operating in reflection
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29313 characterised by means for controlling the position or direction of light incident to or leaving the diffractive element, e.g. for varying the wavelength response switching G02B6/35
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29314 by moving or modifying the diffractive element, e.g. deforming
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29361 Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29373 utilising a bulk dispersive element, e.g. prism
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/29395 configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable switching G02B6/35

Abstract

An optical spectral filtering device and associated method for selectively directing a portion of a wavelength multiplexed input signal, entering through an optical fiber, into one or more output signals provided to one or more optical fibers and/or electronic outputs. The optical filtering is accomplished using free-space diffractive wavelength demultiplexing optics combined with a fixed (permanent) patterned structure located in the spectrally dispersed image plane. The structure can block or direct a selected spectral portion of the optical signal to one or more separate outputs, such as an optical fiber or power detector. A single active element in the optical path is used to spatially shift, or steer, the entire input spectrum at the dispersed spectral image plane, to control the portion of the input spectrum illuminating specific features on the permanent patterned structure.

Claims

1. A tunable spectral filter comprising:

a reflective diffraction grating for spatially separating a multiple wavelength input signal;

a beam steerer for laterally shifting the spatially separated multiple wavelength input signal;

said beam steerer including a mirror, said mirror being positioned such that the spatially seperated multiple wavelength input signal is reflected by the mirror, diffracted by the reflective grating and then reflected by the mirror again; and

a fixed optical element, positioned in the demultiplexed image plane, for selectively reflecting, deflecting, transmitting, and absorbing the laterally shifted, spatially separated wavelength input signal.

2. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 further comprising:

a power detector, for measuring the optical power of a controllable portion of the spectrally demultiplexed wavelength input signal.

3. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 further comprising:

a position detector, situated in the demultiplexed image plane, for detecting the position of the spatially demultiplexed signal such that feedback stabilization control is provided.

4. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 wherein said beam steerer comprises a transmissive grating.

5. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 wherein said beam steerer mirror, is positioned such that the spatially separated multiple wavelength input signal is diffracted by the reflective grating and reflected by the mirror back to the grating.

6. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 wherein said mirror is a MEMS tilt mirror.

7. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 further comprising a mirror-controller, for selectively controlling an angle of the mirror.

8. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1, wherein said grating is capable of selectively tilting.

9. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 8, wherein said selectively tiltable grating is a MEMS tilt grating.

10. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 9, wherein said selectively tiltable grating includes an angle-controller.

11. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 1 further comprising:

a spectrum translator, for translating the spectrum in a direction perpendicular to the direction of dispersion.

12. A tunable spectral filter comprising:

a reflective diffraction grating for spatially separating a multiple wavelength input signal;

a beam steerer, for laterally shifting the spatially separated multiple wavelength input signal in a direction perpendicular to the direction of diffraction; and

a fixed optical element, positioned in the demultiplexed image plane, for selectively reflecting, deflecting, transmitting, and absorbing the laterally shifted, spatially separated wavelength input signal.

13. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 12 further comprising:

a power detector, for measuring the optical power of a controllable portion of the spectrally demultiplexed wavelength input signal.

14. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 12 further comprising:

a position detector, situated in the demultiplexed image plane, for detecting the position of the spatially demultiplexed signal such that feedback stabilization control is provided.

15. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 12 wherein said beam steerer further comprises:

a mirror, positioned such that the spatially separated multiple wavelength input signal is diffracted by the reflective grating and reflected by the mirror back to the grating.

16. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 15 wherein said mirror is a MEMS tilt mirror.

17. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 15 further comprising a mirror controller, for selectively controlling an angle of the mirror.

18. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 12 wherein said grating is selectively tiltable.

19. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 18 wherein said selectively tiltable grating includes an angle controller.

20. A tunable spectral filter comprising:

a MEMS selectively tiltable reflective diffraction grating for spatially separating a multiple wavelength input signal and laterally shifting the spatially separated multiple wavelength input signal;

a beam steerer for laterally shifting the spatially separated multiple wavelength input signal; and

a fixed optical element, positioned in the demultiplexed image plane, for selectively reflecting, deflecting, transmitting, and absorbing the laterally shifted, spatially separated wavelength input signal.

21. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 20 further comprising:

a power detector, for measuring the optical power of a controllable portion of the spectrally demultiptexed wavelength input signal.

22. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 20 further comprising:

a position detector, positioned in the demultiplexed image plane, for detecting the position of the spatially demultiplexed signal such that feedback stabilization control is provided.

23. The tunable spectral filter according to claim 20 wherein said selectively tiltable grating includes an angle controller.