DC-DC converter with feed-forward and feedback control

• US 6,900,624 B2
• Filed: 04/04/2002
• Issued: 05/31/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 04/05/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Abo, Shouji
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley, Shawn
• Application Number:
  US10/296,926
• Publication Number:
  US 20040100241A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,153 Days
• Field of Search: 323/224, 323/284, 320/140, 320/146, 363/49, 180/65.1, 307/10.1, 307/10.7
• US Class Current: 323/284
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/335 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33573 Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

The voltage of 36-V battery (10) is dropped by the DC—DC converter (12) to charge the 12-V battery (14). The switching ON/OFF of the DC—DC converter (12) is feed forward controlled by the controlling portion (20). This can cope with the voltage change at the 36-V battery (10). The output voltage of the DC—DC converter (12) is feed back controlled by a differential amplifier (16) and PID (18) and feed back by the controlling portion (20).

Claims

1. A control device for DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of a switch in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a control means for outputting a control signal for controlling opening/closing the switch with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the control means, and

wherein the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation;

(Vin−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

2. A control device according to claim 1, wherein the control means includes:

a first voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage to the current;

a second voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converting means;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converting means;

a comparing means connected to the first and second switches for comparing a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close means for supplying the output and inverse output from the comparing means to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparing means as the control signals.

3. A control device according to claim 2, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparing means.

4. A control device according to claim 1, further comprising a feed back control means for adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

5. A control device according to claim 1, further comprising a time shortening means for shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

6. A control device according to claim 1, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

7. A control device for a chopper type DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of two switches in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a control means for outputting two control signals for controlling closing the two switches with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the control means, and

wherein the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation;

(Vin−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

8. A control device according to claim 7, wherein the control means includes:

a first voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage to the current;

a second voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converting means;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converting means;

a comparing means connected to the first and second switches for comparing a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close means for supplying the output and inverse output from the comparing means to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparing means as the control signals.

9. A control device according to claim 8, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparing means.

10. A control device according to claim 7, further comprising a feed back control means for adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

11. A control device according to claim 7, further comprising a time shortening means for shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

12. A control device according to claim 7, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

13. A control method for controlling a DC—

DC converter that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of a switch in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

outputting a control signal for controlling opening/closing the switch with the timings t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled, and

wherein the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation;

(Vin−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

14. A control method according to claim 13, further comprising:

adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

15. A control method according to claim 13, further comprising:

shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

16. A control method according to claim 13, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

17. A control method for a chopper type DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of two switches in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

outputting two control signals for controlling closing the two switches with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled, and

wherein the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation;

(Vin−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

18. A control method according to claim 17, further comprising:

adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

19. A control method according to claim 17, further comprising:

shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

20. A control method according to claim 17, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

21. A control device for DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of a switch in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a controller that outputs a control signal for controlling opening/closing the switch with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the controller, and

wherein the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation;

(Vin−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

22. A control device according to claim 21, wherein the controller includes:

a first voltage-current converter that converts the voltage (Vin−

Vout0) to the current;

a second voltage-current converter that converts the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converter;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converter;

a comparator connected to the first and second switches, and that compares a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close device that supplies the output and inverse output from the comparator to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparator as the control signals.

23. A control device according to claim 22, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparator.

24. A control device according to claim 21, further comprising a feed back control device that adjusts the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

25. A control device according to claim 21, further comprising a time shortening device that shortens the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

26. A control device according to claim 21, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

27. A control device for a chopper type DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of two switches in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a controller that outputs two control signals for controlling closing the two switches with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the controller, and

wherein the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation;

(Vin−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

28. A control device according to claim 27, wherein the controller includes:

a first voltage-current converter that converts the voltage (Vin−

Vout0) to the current;

a second voltage-current converter that converts the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converter;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converter;

a comparator connected to the first and second switches, and that compares a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close device that supplies the output and inverse output from the comparator to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparator as the control signals.

29. A control device according to claim 28, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparator.

30. A control device according to claim 27, further comprising a feed back control device that adjusts the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

31. A control device according to claim 27, further comprising a time shortening device that shortens the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

32. A control device according to claim 27, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

33. A control device for DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of a switch in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a control means for outputting a control signal for controlling opening/closing the switch with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the control means, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter includes a transformer whose wiring is N;

1, the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation

(Vin/N−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

34. A control device according to claim 33, wherein the control means includes:

a first voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage to the current;

a second voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converting means;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converting means;

a comparing means connected to the first and second switches for comparing a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close means for supplying the output and inverse output from the comparing means to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparing means as the control signals.

35. A control device according to claim 34, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparing means.

36. A control device according to claim 33, further comprising a feed back control means for adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

37. A control device according to claim 33, further comprising a time shortening means for shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

38. A control device according to claim 33, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

39. A control device for a chopper type DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of two switches in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a control means for outputting two control signals for controlling closing the two switches with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the control means, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter includes a transformer whose wiring is N;

1, the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation

(Vin/N−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

40. A control device according to claim 39, wherein the control means includes:

a first voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage to the current;

a second voltage-current converting means for converting the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converting means;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converting means;

a comparing means connected to the first and second switches for comparing a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close means for supplying the output and inverse output from the comparing means to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparing means as the control signals.

41. A control device according to claim 40, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparing means.

42. A control device according to claim 39, further comprising a feed back control means for adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

43. A control device according to claim 39, further comprising a time shortening means for shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

44. A control device according to claim 39, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

45. A control method for controlling a DC—

DC converter that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of a switch in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

outputting a control signal for controlling opening/closing the switch with the timings t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter includes a transformer whose wiring is N;

1, the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation

(Vin/N−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

46. A control method according to claim 45, further comprising:

adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

47. A control method according to claim 45, further comprising:

shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

48. A control method according to claim 45, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

49. A control method for a chopper type DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of two switches in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

outputting two control signals for controlling closing the two switches with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter includes a transformer whose wiring is N;

1, the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation

(Vin/N−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

50. A control method according to claim 49, further comprising:

adjusting the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

51. A control method according to claim 49, further comprising:

shortening the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

52. A control method according to claim 49, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

53. A control device for DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of a switch in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a controller that outputs a control signal for controlling opening/closing the switch with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the controller, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter includes a transformer whose wiring is N;

1, the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation

(Vin/N−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

54. A control device according to claim 53, wherein the controller includes:

a first voltage-current converter that converts the voltage (Vin−

Vout0) to the current;

a second voltage-current converter that converts the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converter;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converter;

a comparator connected to the first and second switches, and that compares a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close device that supplies the output and inverse output from the comparator to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparator as the control signals.

55. A control device according to claim 54, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparator.

56. A control device according to claim 53, further comprising a feed back control device that adjusts the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

57. A control device according to claim 53, further comprising a time shortening device that shortens the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

58. A control device according to claim 53, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.

59. A control device for a chopper type DC—

DC converter, that controls an output voltage of the DC—

DC converter by open/close control of two switches in the DC—

DC converter, comprising;

a controller that outputs two control signals for controlling closing the two switches with the timings of t1 and t2 to obtain a target output voltage Vout0 from an input voltage Vin of the DC—

DC converter,

wherein the DC—

DC converter is feed forward controlled by the controller, and

wherein the DC—

DC converter includes a transformer whose wiring is N;

1, the timings t1 and t2 are defined relative to the input voltage Vin and the target output voltage Vout0 by the equation

(Vin/N−

Vout0)·

t1=Vout0·

t2.

60. A control device according to claim 59, wherein the controller includes:

a first voltage-current converter that converts the voltage (Vin−

Vout0) to the current;

a second voltage-current converter that converts the voltage Vout0 to the current;

a first switch connected to the first voltage-current converter;

a second switch connected to the second voltage-current converter;

a comparator connected to the first and second switches, and that compares a predetermined upper limit value and a predetermined lower limit value with the input voltage; and

an open/close device that supplies the output and inverse output from the comparator to the second and first switches respectively, and

wherein the two switches in the DC—

DC converter are feed forward controlled by using the output and inverse output from the comparator as the control signals.

61. A control device according to claim 60, further comprising a condenser connected to an upstream side of the comparator.

62. A control device according to claim 59, further comprising a feed back control device that adjusts the target output voltage Vout0 by feed back controlling the output voltage of the DC—

DC converter.

63. A control device according to claim 59, further comprising a time shortening device that shortens the close timing of the switch in the DC—

DC converter by processing the control signals immediately after the start of the DC—

DC converter.

64. A control device according to claim 59, wherein the DC—

DC converter supplies the input voltage Vin from a high voltage power source to a low voltage power source by dropping to the target output voltage Vout0.