Method and apparatus for an interactive volumetric three dimensional display

• US 6,900,779 B1
• Filed: 01/26/2001
• Issued: 05/31/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Genex Technologies Incorporated (AccelPath, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Zheng Jason Geng
• Inventors: Geng, Zheng J
• Primary Examiner(s): Liang, Regina
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Jennifer T.
• Application Number:
  US09/770,538
• Time in Patent Office: 1,586 Days
• Field of Search: 345/6, 345/30, 345/31, 345/32, 345/419, 345/653, 345/156, 345/139, 348/51, 348/52, 348/54, 348/36, 348/37, 348/39, 348/40, 348/42, 359/224, 359/236
• US Class Current: 345/30
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/54 the 3D volume being generated by moving a 2D surface, e.g. by vibrating or rotating the 2D surface
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0346 with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/002 to project the image of a two-dimensional display, such as an array of light emitting or modulating elements or a CRT
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/003 to produce spatial visual effects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/393 the volume being generated by a moving, e.g. vibrating or rotating, surface
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/395 with depth sampling, i.e. the volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D image planes

Abstract

A process and system for interactively displaying large (more than 1 million voxels) volumetric 3D images utilizing a sequence of helical slices of a 3D data set to generate a series of 2D images on a reflective surface of a light modulator. The series of 2D images generated on the light modulator are projected into a volumetric 3D-space display using an illumination light source and projection optics. Voxels in 3D space are illuminated for each 2D projected image, each voxel being located at its corresponding spatial location. A pulse from a wireless pulsed laser pointer forms a 3D bright voxel within the display volume. The pulse signal is synchronized with the rotating helix, and the orientation of the pointer and the phase of the pulse are controlled by the user to specify a 3D point in 3D space. A wireless receiver provides six degree-of-freedom (DOF) position of the spatial location of the pointer, as well as the phase signal. Optical encoders provide synchronization signals of the rotating helical display.

Claims

1. A volumetric three-dimensional display device comprising:

a rotating helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

a first projector for projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said screen;

a second projector for projecting a two-dimensional image that is superimposed on said three-dimensional volumetric display; and

a slotted plate in a projection path of said second projector, wherein said slotted plate rotates in synchronization with said rotating helical display screen.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein a portion of said two-dimensional image passing through at least one slot of said slotted plate is reflected by a mirror onto said rotating helical display screen, and wherein said first projector projecting said two-dimensional slices of said three-dimensional data set through an aperture in said mirror.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein a portion of said two-dimensional image passing through at least one slot of said slotted plate is reflected by a beamsplitter onto said rotating helical display screen, and wherein said first projector projecting said two-dimensional slices of said three-dimensional data set through said beam splitter.

4. A method of providing a volumetric three dimensional display device with an interactive pointer, the method comprising the steps of:

rotating a helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical display screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said rotating helical display screen;

generating a pulsed laser beam with said interactive pointer; and

matching a period in which said laser beam is pulsed with a rotational period of said rotating helical display screen so that said laser beam, if said pointer is maintained in a constant orientation relative to said rotating helical display screen, strikes said rotating helical display screen at a single spatial point in said cylindrical three-dimensional display space each rotation of said rotating helical display screen.

5. A method of providing a volumetric three dimensional display device with an interactive pointer, the method comprising the steps of:

rotating a helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical display screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said rotating helical display screen;

generating a pulsed laser beam with said interactive pointer; and

controlling a phase of said pulsed laser beam such that said pulsed laser beam strikes said rotating screen at different points in said three-dimensional display space as said phase is changed.

6. A method of providing a volumetric three-dimensional display device, comprising the steps of:

rotating a helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said screen;

projecting a two-dimensional image that is superimposed on said three-dimensional volumetric display; and

rotating a slotted plate in a projection path of said two-dimensional image, wherein said slotted plate rotates in synchronization with said rotating helical display screen.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein a portion of said two-dimensional image passing through at least one slot of said slotted plate is reflected by a mirror onto said rotating helical display screen, and wherein said two-dimensional slices of said three-dimensional data set passes through an aperture in said mirror.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein a portion of said two-dimensional image passing through at least one slot of said slotted plate is reflected by a beamsplitter onto said rotating helical display screen, and wherein said first projector projecting said two-dimensional slices of said three-dimensional data set through said beamsplitter.

9. A method of providing a volumetric three-dimensional display device, comprising the steps of:

rotating a helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said screen;

selectively projecting a two-dimensional image that is superimposed on said three-dimensional volumetric display, wherein said selective projection of said two-dimensional image is synchronized with rotation of said rotating helical display screen; and

performing said selective projection of said two-dimensional image by rotating a slotted plate in between a projector of said two-dimensional image and said display screen, wherein said slotted plate is rotated in synchronization with rotation of said rotating helical display screen.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein a portion of said two-dimensional image passing through at least one slot of said slotted plate is reflected by a mirror onto said rotating helical display screen, and wherein said two-dimensional slices of said three-dimensional data set passes through an aperture in said mirror.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein a portion of said two-dimensional image passing through at least one slot of said slotted plate is reflected by a beamsplitter onto said rotating helical display screen, and wherein said first projector projecting said two-dimensional slices of said three-dimensional data set through said beamsplitter.

12. A volumetric three dimensional display device with an interactive pointer, the device comprising:

a rotating helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

a projector for projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical display screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said rotating helical display screen; and

a hand-held laser pointer generating a continuously pulsed laser beam which a user directs at said rotating display screen to selectively indicate a point on the three-dimensional volumetric display;

wherein said pulsed laser beam is pulsed at a period matching a rotational period of said rotating helical display screen so that said laser beam, if said pointer is maintained in a constant orientation relative to said rotating helical display screen, strikes said rotating helical display screen at a single spatial point in said cylindrical three-dimensional display space each rotation of said rotating helical display screen.

13. A volumetric three dimensional display device with an interactive pointer, the device comprising:

a rotating helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

a projector for projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical display screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said rotating helical display screen; and

a hand-held laser pointer generating a continuously pulsed laser beam which a user directs at said rotating display screen to selectively indicate a point on the three-dimensional volumetric display;

wherein said laser pointer further comprises a phase control device for controlling a phase of said pulsed laser beam such that said pulsed laser beam strikes said rotating screen at different points in said three-dimensional display space as said phase is changed.

14. A volumetric three dimensional display device with an interactive pointer, the device comprising:

a rotating helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

a projector for projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical display screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said rotating helical display screen; and

a laser pointer generating a pulsed laser beam;

wherein said pulsed laser beam is pulsed at a period matching a rotational period of said rotating helical display screen so that said laser beam, if said pointer is maintained in a constant orientation relative to said rotating helical display screen, strikes said rotating helical display screen at a single spatial point in said cylindrical three-dimensional display space each rotation of said rotating helical display screen.

15. A volumetric three dimensional display device with an interactive pointer, the device comprising:

a rotating helical display screen that sweeps out a cylindrical three-dimensional display space;

a projector for projecting two-dimensional slices of a three-dimensional data set on said rotating helical display screen so as to generate a three-dimensional volumetric display on said rotating helical display screen; and

a laser pointer generating a pulsed laser beam;

wherein said laser pointer further comprises a phase control device for controlling a phase of said pulsed laser beam such that said pulsed laser beam strikes said rotating screen at different points in said three-dimensional display space as said phase is changed.