Multi-branch planar antennas having multiple resonant frequency bands and wireless terminals incorporating the same
First Claim
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1. A planar inverted-F antenna having a plurality of resonant frequency bandwidths of operation, comprising:
- a signal feed;
a ground feed; and
a conductive element in communication with the signal and ground feed, the conductive element comprising;
a primary branch in communication with the signal and ground feeds, the primaiy branch having opposing first and second end portions and a first current path length;
a secondary branch in communication with the signal and ground feeds, the secondary branch having opposing first and second end portions and a second current path length, the length of the second current path being shorter than the length of the first current path; and
a bend segment having opposing end portions positioned intermediate the primary and secondary branches configured to join the primary and secondary branches, wherein the secondary branch is conductively coupled to the signal and ground feeds, wherein the primary branch is conductively coupled to the bend segment that is conductively coupled to the signal and ground feeds so that the primary branch radiates at high and low band without requiring capacitive coupling between the primary and secondary branches, wherein the around and signal feeds are positioned adjacent each other proximate a common edge portion of the conductive element, and wherein the bend segment is configured and positioned with respect to the signal and ground and the secondary branch so that in low band operation, current flows into the primary branch but the secondary branch has current flow that is substantially reduced from that in high band operation and so that, in high band operation, current flows in at least a major portion of both the primary and secondary branches.
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Abstract
A conductive element with a primary branch and a secondary branch are separated by a bend segment and the signal and ground feeds are positioned adjacent each other on a common portion of the conductive element. The frequencies in the high band may be at least about twice that of the frequencies in the low band. The branches and bend segment are constructed such that the primary branch radiates at both high and low band operation. The two branches combine to form a more efficient high band radiator.
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Citations
64 Claims
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1. A planar inverted-F antenna having a plurality of resonant frequency bandwidths of operation, comprising:
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a signal feed;
a ground feed; and
a conductive element in communication with the signal and ground feed, the conductive element comprising;
a primary branch in communication with the signal and ground feeds, the primaiy branch having opposing first and second end portions and a first current path length;
a secondary branch in communication with the signal and ground feeds, the secondary branch having opposing first and second end portions and a second current path length, the length of the second current path being shorter than the length of the first current path; and
a bend segment having opposing end portions positioned intermediate the primary and secondary branches configured to join the primary and secondary branches, wherein the secondary branch is conductively coupled to the signal and ground feeds, wherein the primary branch is conductively coupled to the bend segment that is conductively coupled to the signal and ground feeds so that the primary branch radiates at high and low band without requiring capacitive coupling between the primary and secondary branches, wherein the around and signal feeds are positioned adjacent each other proximate a common edge portion of the conductive element, and wherein the bend segment is configured and positioned with respect to the signal and ground and the secondary branch so that in low band operation, current flows into the primary branch but the secondary branch has current flow that is substantially reduced from that in high band operation and so that, in high band operation, current flows in at least a major portion of both the primary and secondary branches. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A planar inverted-F antenna, comprising:
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a planar conductive clement having primary and secondary branches comprising;
first, second and third elongated branch segments, each having opposing first and second end portions, wherein the first, second and third elongate elements are spaced apart from each other with the second elongated segment being intermediate of the first and third elongated segments;
a first bend segment extending between the first and second elongated segments at a corresponding one of the first or second end portions thereof, and a second bend segment extending between the second and third elongated segments at the other corresponding end portion;
a signal feed electrically connected to the oonductive element proximate an outer edge portion thereof; and
a ground feed electrically connected to the conductive clement proximate the signal feed at the same outer edge portion thereof, wherein the antenna is configured to operate at first and second different resonant frequency bands, wherein the conductive element has a primary current path that radiatcs as about a ¼
wave resonator during the first band of operation and about a ½
wave resonator during the second band of operation and that includes two of the first, second and third elongated segments and at least one of the bend segments, and wherein the conductive element has a secondary current path that radiates primarily during high band operation to provide about a ¼
wave resonator that includes the remaining one of the first, second or third elongated segment, wherein the primary current path is configured to radiate at the first band independent of proximity coupling to the secondary current path, and wherein the signal feed is disposed closer to the secondary current path than the ground feed and the ground feed is disposed closer to the primary current path than the signal feed. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. A wireless terminal, comprising:
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(a) a housing configured to enclose a transceiver that transmits and receives wireless communications signals;
(b) a ground plane disposed within the housing;
(c) a planar inverted-F antenna disposed within the housing and electrically connected with the transceiver, wherein the antenna comprises;
a planar dielectric substrate;
a planar conductive element disposed on the planar dielectric substrate, comprising;
a primary branch having a length and opposing first and second end portions, the primary branch being configured to define about a ¼
wave resonator at a low frcquency band;
a bend segment having opposing first and second end portions, the first end portion terminating into the second end portion of the primary branch;
a secondary branch connected to the second end portion of the bend segment wherein the secondary branch defines a ¼
wave resonator at the high frequency band and has substantially reduced current flow at the low frequency band relative to the high frequency band,wherein the secondary and primary branches both radiate at the high frequency band to provide about a ½
wave resonance;
(d) a signal feed electrically connected to the secondary branch or bend segment of the primary branch of The conductive element prociniate a first portion thereof; and
(e) a ground feed electrically connected to the conductive element proximate the signal feed about the first portion of the conductive element, wherein the ground and signal feeds are positioned adjacent each other proximate a common edge portion of the conductive element. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57)
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58. A method for exciting a planar inverted F antenna having low and high band operational modes:
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providing a conductive element with primary and secondary resonant branches, the conductive element configured so that the secondary branch terminates into a bend region before extending into the primary branch, the primary branch being configured to form about a ¼
wave resonator at a low frequency band, the secondary branch configured to act as about a ¼
wave resonant at a high frequency band;
generating a high impedance node to provide a current null proximate the secondary branch and/or the bend region of the primary branch during operation in the high frequency band;
coupling the conductive element to signal and ground feeds that are positioned adjacent each other proximate a common edge portion of the conductive element; and
causing the primary branch with the secondary branch resonance to provide about a ½
wave resonator during operation in the high frequency band. - View Dependent Claims (59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64)
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Specification