Method and system for dynamic soft handoff resource allocation in a wireless network

• US 6,907,243 B1
• Filed: 06/09/2000
• Issued: 06/14/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 06/09/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Patel, Achal R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Vivian
• Assistant Examiner(s): Persino, Raymond B.
• Application Number:
  US09/591,077
• Time in Patent Office: 1,831 Days
• Field of Search: 455/438, 455/440, 455/442, 455/450, 455/436, 455/437, 455/63, 455/67.1, 455/101, 370/329, 370/331, 370/335
• US Class Current: 455/442
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/309 Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/18 for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/24 Accounting or billing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/02 Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/143 Downlink power control
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/242 taking into account path loss
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/247 where the output power of a terminal is based on a path parameter sent by another terminal
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/343 taking into account loading or congestion level
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/40 during macro-diversity or soft handoff
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/044 based on the type of the allocated resource
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A method and system for dynamic soft handoff resource allocation in a wireless communications network includes determining a wireless path characteristic individually for each path of a macro diversity connection between a mobile device and a plurality of wireless sites. Wireless resources are allocated for the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and the wireless sites based on the wireless path characteristic. The wireless path characteristic includes a location-based characteristic, a congestion-based characteristic, a subscriber-based characteristic and/or a performance-based characteristic.

Claims

1. A method for allocating resources in a wireless network for macro diversity connections, comprising:

determining a wireless path characteristic individually for each path of a macro diversity connection between a mobile device and a plurality of wireless sites, the wireless path characteristic comprising a location-based characteristic, the location-based characteristic for a path determined by determining traffic loading for the wireless sites in a region of the mobile device;

allocating wireless resources for the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and the wireless sites based on the wireless path characteristic; and

individually allocating wireless resources between the mobile device and each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristic for the wireless site.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising allocating wireless resources at each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristics for the wireless site.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless resources comprise site transmission resources.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission bandwidth.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission power.

6. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

receiving a requested level for a transmission resource from the mobile device;

determining a bias for each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristic for the wireless site;

determining an allocation level for the transmission resource at each wireless site based on the requested level and the bias for the wireless site; and

allocating the allocation level for the transmission resource at each wireless site.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the transmission resource comprises transmission power.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the transmission resource comprises transmission bandwidth.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless site comprises a wireless server.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless site comprises a cell site for a terrestrial wireless communication system.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the cell site comprises a base station.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising dynamically reallocating wireless resources between the mobile device and the wireless sites.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining an updated set of the wireless path characteristics during a duration of the macro diversity connection; and

reallocating the wireless resources based on the updated wireless path characteristics.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

repeatedly determining an updated set of wireless path characteristics during the macro diversity connection; and

reallocating the wireless resources based on the updated wireless path characteristics.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the macro diversity connection is a soft handoff connection.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the soft handoff connection is a code-division multiple access (CDMA) connection.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the CDMA connection is a CDMA 2000 connection.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the CDMA connection is a W-CDMA connection.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile device is a cellular telephone.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile device is a portable Internet device.

21. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving the identity of the wireless sites from the mobile device.

22. The method of claim 1, determining the location-based characteristic for a path comprising determining a radio frequency (RF) path loss for the path.

23. The method of claim 1, determining the location-based characteristic for a path comprising determining a maximum allowable path loss (MAPL) for the path.

24. The method of claim 1, determining the location-based characteristic for a path comprising determining a distribution of active users in wireless sites in a region of the wireless device.

25. The method of claim 1, further comprising allocating no resources between the mobile device and a wireless site having a low performing path.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the low performing path provides negligible contribution to the macro diversity connection.

27. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises a congestion-based characteristic.

28. The method of claim 27, determining the congestion-based characteristic for a path comprising determining available transmission resources at a corresponding wireless site.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission power.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission bandwidth.

31. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises a subscriber-based characteristic.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the subscriber-based characteristic comprises a quality of service (QoS) characteristic.

33. The method of claim 32, further comprising allocating wireless resources proportionally to QoS.

34. The method of claim 32, further comprising allocating wireless resources from only a single wireless site for best effort QoS traffic.

35. The method of claim 32, further comprising allocating all wireless resources requested by a mobile device for premium QoS traffic.

36. The method of claim 31, further comprising allocating a subset of wireless resources requested by a mobile device for best effort traffic when sufficient wireless resources are not available for all requested wireless resources.

37. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises a performance-based characteristic.

38. The method of claim 37, determining the performance-based characteristic for a path comprising collecting real-time performance parameters for the path.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the real-time performance parameters comprise packet error rates.

40. The method of claim 38, wherein the real-time performance parameters comprise real-time delays.

41. The method of claim 38, wherein the real-time performance parameters comprise packet retransmissions.

42. The method of claim 37, determining the performance-based characteristic comprising determining resource redundancy of a previous resource allocation.

43. The method of claim 37, wherein the allocated wireless resources between the mobile device and the wireless sites substantially comprise minimum resources operable to maintain the macro diversity connection in accordance with a subscribed service.

44. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises at least two of a location-based characteristic, a congestion-based characteristic, a subscriber-based characteristic, and a performance-based characteristics.

45. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises at least three of a location-based characteristic, a congestion-based characteristic, a subscriber-based characteristic, and a performance-based characteristic.

46. The system of claim 1, the logic further operable to determine the location-based characteristic for a path by determining a radio frequency (RF) path loss for the path.

47. The system of claim 1, the logic further operable to determine the location-based characteristic for a path by determining a maximum allowable path loss (MAPL) for the path.

48. The system of claim 1, the logic further operable to determine the location-based characteristic for a path by determining a distribution of active users in wireless sites in a region of the wireless device.

49. The system of claim 1, the logic further operable to allocate no resources between the mobile device and the wireless site having a low performing path.

50. The system of claim 49, wherein the low performing path provides negligible contribution to the macro diversity connection.

52. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless resources allocated between the mobile device and the wireless sites substantially comprise minimum resources to maintain the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and a network including the wireless sites.

51. A method for allocating resources in a wireless network for macro diversity connections, comprising:

determining a wireless path characteristic individually for each path of a macro diversity connection between a mobile device and a plurality of wireless sites, the wireless path characteristic comprising a location-based characteristic, the location-based characteristic for a path determined by determining traffic loading for the wireless sites in a region of the mobile device;

allocating wireless resources for the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and the wireless sites based on the wireless path characteristic; and

allocating the wireless resources by allocating a requested bandwidth to a subset of the wireless sites.

53. A system for allocating resources in a wireless network for macro diversity connections, comprising:

logic stored in computer-processable media; and

the logic operable to;

determine a wireless path characteristic individually for each path of a macro diversity connection between a mobile device and a plurality of wireless sites, the wireless path characteristic comprising a location-based characteristic, the location-based characteristic for a path determined by determining traffic loading for the wireless sites in a region of the mobile device;

allocate wireless resources for the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and the wireless sites based on the wireless path characteristic; and

individually allocate wireless resources between the mobile device and each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristic for the wireless site.

54. The system of claim 53, further comprising allocating wireless resources at each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristic for the wireless site.

55. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless resources comprise transmission resources.

56. The system of claim 55, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission bandwidth.

57. The system of claim 55, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission power.

58. The system of claim 55, the logic further operable to receive a requested level for a transmission resource from the mobile device, determine a bias for each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristic for the wireless site, determine an allocation level for the transmission resource at each wireless site based on the requested level and the bias for the site, and allocate the allocation level for the transmission resource at each wireless site.

59. The system of claim 58, wherein the transmission resource comprises transmission power.

60. The system of claim 58, wherein the transmission resource comprises transmission bandwidth.

61. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless site comprises a wireless server.

62. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless site comprises a cell site for a terrestrial wireless communication system.

63. The system of claim 62, wherein the cell site comprises a base station.

64. The system of claim 53, the logic further operable to dynamically reallocate wireless resources between the mobile device and the wireless sites.

65. The system of claim 53, the logic further operable to determine an updated set of wireless path characteristics during a duration of a macro diversity connection and to reallocate the wireless resources based on the updated wireless path characteristics.

66. The system of claim 53, the logic further operable to repeatedly determine an updated set of wireless path characteristics during the macro diversity connection and to reallocate the wireless resources based on the updated wireless path characteristics.

67. The system of claim 53, wherein the macro diversity connection is a soft-hand-off connection.

68. The system of claim 67, wherein the soft-handoff connection is a code-division multiple access (CDMA) connection.

69. The system of claim 68, wherein the CDMA connection is a CDMA 2000 connection.

70. The system of claim 68, wherein the CDMA connection is a WCDMA connection.

71. The system of claim 53, wherein the mobile device is cellular telephone.

72. The system of claim 53, wherein the mobile device is a portable Internet device.

73. The system of claim 53, the logic further operable to receive the identity of the wireless sites from the mobile device.

74. The system of claim 73, the logic further operable to allocate the wireless resources by allocating a requested transmission resource through a subset of the wireless sites.

75. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless resources allocated between the mobile device and the wireless sites substantially comprise minimum resources to maintain the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and a network included in the wireless sites.

76. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises a congestion-based characteristic.

77. The system of claim 76, the logic further operable to determine the congestion-based characteristic for a path by determining available transmission resources at a corresponding wireless site.

78. The system of claim 76, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission power.

79. The system of claim 77, wherein the transmission resources comprise transmission bandwidth.

80. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises a subscriber-based characteristics.

81. The system of claim 80, wherein the subscriber-based characteristic comprises a quality of service (QoS) characteristic.

82. The system of claim 81, the logic further operable to allocate wireless resources proportionally to QoS.

83. The system of claim 81, the logic further operable to allocate wireless resources from only a single wireless site for best effort QoS traffic.

84. The system of claim 81, the logic further operable to allocate all wireless resources requested by a mobile device for premium QoS traffic.

85. The system of claim 80, the logic further operable to allocate a subset of wireless resources requested by mobile device for best effort traffic when sufficient wireless resources are not available for all requested wireless resources.

86. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprises a performance-based characteristic.

87. The system of claim 86, the logic further operable to determine the performance-based characteristic for a path by collecting real-time performance for the path.

88. The system of claim 87, wherein the real-time performance parameters comprise packet error rates.

89. The system of claim 87, wherein the real-time performance parameters comprise real-time delays.

90. The system of claim 87, wherein the real-time performance parameters comprise packet retransmissions.

91. The system of claim 86, the logic further operable to determine the performance-based characteristic by determining resource redundancy of a previous resource allocation.

92. The system of claim 86, wherein the allocated wireless resources between the mobile device and the wireless sites substantially comprise minimum resources operable to maintain the macro diversity connection in accordance with a subscribed service.

93. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprise at least two of a location-based characteristic, a congestion-based characteristic, a subscriber-based characteristic, and a performance-based characteristic.

94. The system of claim 53, wherein the wireless path characteristic comprise at least three of a location-based characteristic, a congestion-based characteristic, a subscription-based characteristic, and a performance-based characteristic.

95. A mobile gateway for a wireless network, comprising:

a data input subsystem operable to collect historical, real-time, subscription and location information for wireless devices communicating with the wireless network;

a resource characterization system operable to access data in the data input system and to determine a wireless path characteristic individually for each path of a macro diversity connection between a mobile device and a plurality of wireless sites in the wireless network based on the collected data; and

a soft handoff controller operable to allocate wireless resources for the macro diversity connection between the mobile device and the wireless sites based on the wireless path characteristic and to individually allocate wireless resources between the mobile device and each wireless site based on the wireless path characteristic for the wireless site.