Fuel cell for airship power generation and heating

• US 6,908,702 B2
• Filed: 05/05/2003
• Issued: 06/21/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Bloom Energy Corporation
• Original Assignee: Bloom Energy Corporation
• Inventors: Sridhar, K. R., McElroy, James Frederick
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Hoa Van
• Application Number:
  US10/428,804
• Publication Number:
  US 20030207164A1
• Time in Patent Office: 778 Days
• Field of Search: 429/26, 429/13, 429/17, 429/21, 429/22, 429/24, 429/30
• US Class Current: 244/30
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/024 of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 2041/005 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 27/24 using steam or spring force jet aircraft B64D27/16
• CPC Class Codes: B64D 27/353 using solar cells
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/30 Lighter-than-air aircraft, e.g. aerostatic aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/30 for imaging, photography or videography
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2101/31 for surveillance
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 2201/202 using tethers for connecting to ground station
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/13 using external fans or propellers
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/19 using electrically powered motors
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/31 generated by photovoltaics
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/32 generated by fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2250/20 Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04007 related to heat exchange
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/186 by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/2475 Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/40 Weight reduction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/50 On board measures aiming to increase energy efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/60 Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 : Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 429/901 : Fuel cell including means for utilization of heat for unrelated application, e.g. heating a building

Abstract

A neutrally buoyant airship, such as a blimp, contains a lifting body which allows the airship to remain neutrally buoyant in air and a fuel cell located in the airship. A method of generating power in the neutrally buoyant airship, comprising providing a fuel and a oxidizer to a solid oxide fuel cell to generate power, and providing heat from the fuel cell to a remotely located lifting body, wherein the lifting body allows the airship to remain neutrally buoyant in air.

Claims

1. A neutrally buoyant airship, comprising:

a lifting body which allows the airship to remain neutrally buoyant in air; and

a fuel cell located in the airship;

wherein;

the airship comprises a blimp;

the lifting body comprises a gas envelope;

the fuel cell comprises a solid oxide regenerative fuel cell; and

the solid oxide fuel cell is adapted to provide power to components of the blimp.

2. The airship of claim 1, further comprising a heat transport loop adapted to selectively transfer heat from the solid oxide fuel cell to the gas envelope.

3. The airship of claim 2, wherein the heat transport loop comprises one or more pipes or ducts and contains a heat transfer material comprising a fuel cell exhaust gas or a gas circulated from the gas envelope.

4. The airship of claim 1, further comprising:

at least one sensor adapted to sense at least one condition; and

a controller adapted to selectively provide heat from the fuel cell to the gas envelope in response to the at least one sensed condition.

5. The airship of claim 4, wherein:

the sensor comprises an altitude detector adapted to detect an altitude of the airship; and

the controller is adapted to provide heat from the fuel cell to the gas envelope to elevate the airship to a different altitude if the detected altitude is below a desired altitude.

6. The airship of claim 4, wherein:

the sensor comprises a temperature detector adapted to detect an ambient temperature adjacent to the airship; and

the controller is adapted to provide heat from the fuel cell to the gas envelope if the detected temperature is below a desired temperature.

7. The airship of claim 4, wherein:

the sensor comprises a wind speed detector adapted to detect wind speed adjacent to the airship; and

the controller is adapted to provide heat from the fuel cell to the gas envelope to elevate the airship to a different altitude if the detected wind speed is above a desired speed.

8. The airship of claim 1, wherein:

the blimp comprises a stationary surveillance blimp containing surveillance electronics; and

the solid oxide fuel cell is adapted to provide power to the surveillance electronics and to a propulsion system of the blimp.

9. The airship of claim 1, wherein:

the gas envelope comprises a hydrogen gas envelope;

the hydrogen gas envelope is connected to a fuel inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell; and

the solid oxide fuel cell fuel storage vessel comprises the hydrogen gas envelope.

10. The airship of claim 9, wherein:

the solid oxide regenerative fuel cell is adapted to supply hydrogen into the hydrogen gas envelope in a charge mode.

11. The airship of claim 10, wherein:

the blimp contains a solar cell array;

the solid oxide regenerative fuel cell is adapted to power the airborne vehicle in absence of sunlight; and

the solid oxide regenerative fuel cell is adapted to regenerate hydrogen using electricity generated from sunlight by the solar cell array.

28. The airship of claim 1, wherein the airship does not lose water with oxidizer discharge from the fuel cell.

12. A method of generating power in a neutrally buoyant airship, comprising:

providing a fuel and an oxidizer to a solid oxide regenerative fuel cell to generate power; and

providing heat from the fuel cell to a remotely located lifting body, wherein the lifting body allows the airship to remain neutrally buoyant in air.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising providing electrical power from the fuel cell to a propeller of the airborne vehicle.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

converting sunlight into electrical energy;

providing the electrical energy to the fuel cell comprising a solid oxide fuel cell;

providing oxidized fuel into the fuel cell;

electrolyzing the oxidized fuel in the solid oxide fuel cell into partially regenerated fuel;

separating fuel from oxidized fuel in the partially regenerated fuel; and

storing the fuel and the oxidized fuel.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein:

the airship comprises a stationary surveillance blimp; and

the fuel cell provides electrical power to surveillance electronics located on the blimp.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein:

the airship comprises a blimp; and

the lifting body comprises a gas envelope.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising providing hydrogen gas from the gas envelope into the solid oxide fuel cell in a discharge mode.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising providing hydrogen gas from the solid oxide fuel cell into the gas envelope in a charge mode.

19. The method of claim 12, further comprising selectively controlling heat provided from the fuel cell to the lifting member in response to a sensed condition.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

detecting an altitude of the airship; and

selectively providing heat from the fuel cell to the lifting body to elevate the airship to a different altitude if the detected altitude is below a desired altitude.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

detecting an ambient temperature adjacent to the airship; and

selectively providing heat from the fuel cell to the lifting body if the detected temperature is below a desired temperature.

22. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

detecting a wind speed adjacent to the airship; and

selectively providing heat from the fuel cell to the lifting body to elevate the airship to a different altitude if the detected wind speed is above a desired speed.

23. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of providing heat from the fuel cell to a remotely located lifting body comprises providing an exhaust gas from the fuel cell adjacent to the lifting body.

24. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of providing heat from the fuel cell to a remotely located lifting body comprises circulating gas from inside the lifting body adjacent to the fuel cell to heat the gas prior to returning the gas into the lifting body.

29. The method of claim 12, wherein the airship does not lose water with oxidizer discharge from the fuel cell.

25. A neutrally buoyant airship, comprising:

a hydrogen gas envelope which allows the airship to remain neutrally buoyant in air;

a solid oxide regenerative fuel cell located in the airship; and

a conduit connecting the hydrogen gas envelope to a fuel inlet of the fuel cell, such that the fuel cell is adapted to use hydrogen from the hydrogen gas envelope during discharge mode.

26. The airship of claim 25, wherein

the regenerative fuel cell is adapted to supply hydrogen into the hydrogen gas envelope in a charge mode.

27. The airship of claim 25, wherein the airship does not lose water with oxidizer discharge from the fuel cell.