Low power RF receiver with redistribution of synchronisation tasks

• US 6,912,242 B2
• Filed: 06/22/2001
• Issued: 06/28/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 07/04/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Asulab SA (The Swatch Group AG)
• Original Assignee: Asulab SA (The Swatch Group AG)
• Inventors: Farine, Pierre-André, Etienne, Jean-Daniel, Riem-Vis, Ruud, Firouzi, Elham
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vartanian, Harry
• Application Number:
  US09/886,025
• Publication Number:
  US 20020004392A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,467 Days
• Field of Search: 375/147, 340/426, 340/426.1, 340/426.19, 342/357.06
• US Class Current: 375/147
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/14 specially adapted for specific applications
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/29 carrier including Doppler, related G01S19/246 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/30 code related G01S19/246 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/34 Power consumption
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/35 Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7075 with code phase acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/709 Correlator structure
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18517 Transmission equipment in earth stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A low power RF receiver (1) has an antenna (2), a reception and shaping stage (3) for the radio-frequency signals provided by the antenna, a 12-channel correlation stage (7) receiving intermediate signals (IF) shaped by the reception stage (3), and a microprocessor (12) connected to the correlation stage for calculating X, Y and Z position, velocity and time data as a function of data provided by the radio-frequency signals, such as GPS signals, transmitted by satellites. Each channel includes a correlator (8) associated with a controller (9), which also includes a digital signal processing algorithm to allow all the synchronisation tasks for acquiring and tracking a satellite to be performed autonomously when the channel (7′) is set in operation, and to lock onto the satellite. Buffer registers (11) are placed at the interface between the correlation stage (7) and the microprocessor (12) for the mutual transfer of data. The low power RF receiver may be mounted in the case of a watch and powered by the energy accumulator or battery of the watch.

Claims

1. A low power radio-frequency receiver including an antenna for receiving radio-frequency signals originating from satellites, a reception and shaping stage for the radio-frequency signals provided by the antenna, a correlation stage formed of several channels which each include a correlator, said correlation stage receiving intermediate signals shaped by the reception stage, a microprocessor connected to the correlation stage and adapted to calculate X, Y and Z position, velocity and time data as a function of data extracted, after correlation, from the radio-frequency signals transmitted by the satellites, wherein the intermediate signals provided to the correlation stage are complex signals which have been sampled and quantified in the reception and shaping stage, these complex signals being formed for a 1-bit or more in-phase component and a 1-bit or more quarter-phase signal component, wherein, in each channel, a controller, including a digital signal processing algorithm, is associated with the correlator to allow all synchronisation tasks to be performed autonomously for acquiring and tracking a satellite when the channel is set in operation, and wherein at least a set of data input and output registers is placed at the interface between the correlation stage and the microprocessor in order to receive data, transmitted by the microprocessor to the correlation stage, and data supplied from the correlation stage, said data passing through the set of registers being formed of signals of a frequency lower than or equal to the frequency of message signals, so that the microprocessor can perform the tasks of calculating the position, velocity and time without any intervention as regards the synchronisation and correlation tasks.

2. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 1, wherein the controller acts on control loops of a pseudo random noise code phase and a carrier frequency in a bit-parallel architecture.

3. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 1, wherein each correlator is formed (1) of a first multiplier stage for multiplying the intermediate signals with, on the one hand, the cosine minus i times the sine of a replica of a carrier frequency generated digitally in the correlation stage, and with, on the other hand, the minus sine minus i times the cosine of this carrier frequency replica to provide as an output a first in-phase signal and a second quarter-phase signal, and (2) of a second multiplier stage for correlating the first signal with, on the one hand, a late replica of a satellite pseudo random noise code signal digitally generated in the correlation stage, and with, on the other hand, an early replica of the satellite pseudo random noise code signal and to correlate the second signal with, on the one hand, late replica of the satellite pseudo random noise code signal and, on the other hand, an early replica of the satellite pseudo random noise code signal, the four signals leaving the second multiplier stage being each passed into a respective integrator counter to provide four in-phase and quarter-phase code signals each distributed over at least 8 bits in a pseudo random noise code phase correction loop, and the sum of the two in-phase code signals and the sum of the two quarter-phase code signals providing two carrier signals each distributed over at least 8 bits in a carrier frequency correction loop.

4. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 3, wherein the early signals have a phase offset of a half chip with respect to the late signals.

5. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 3, wherein the code correction loop includes in succession a code loop discriminator, a code loop filter, a 28-bit numerically controlled oscillator, and a pseudo random noise code generator connected to a 2-bit register supplying the early and late replicas to the second multiplier stage.

6. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 3, wherein the carrier frequency correction loop includes in succession a carrier loop discriminator, a carrier loop filter, a 24-bit numerically controlled oscillator and two units for providing to the first multiplier stage of the cosine and the sinus of the replica of the carrier frequency corrected by the numerically controlled oscillator.

7. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 1, wherein it includes 12 channels with a correlator and a controller for each of them.

8. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 1, wherein a first part of the correlator and the controller of each channel is clocked by a first clock signal provided by a quartz oscillator housed in the reception and shaping stage, and wherein a second part of the correlator and the controller is clocked by a second clock signal, the frequency of the first clock signal being 16 times greater than the frequency of the second clock signal.

9. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 1, wherein a set of registers is provided for each channel.

10. A radio-frequency receiver according to claim 9, wherein the correlation stage, the set of registers, and the microprocessor are made in a single semiconductor substrate.

11. A watch including a radio-frequency receiver according to claim 1, wherein the radio-frequency receiver is housed in the case of the watch and is powered by an energy accumulator or a battery also used for powering electronic components for horological functions.

12. A low power radio-frequency receiver including an antenna for receiving radio-frequency signals originating from satellites, a reception and shaping stage for the radio-frequency signals provided by the antenna, a correlation stage formed of several channels which each include a correlator, said correlation stage receiving intermediate signals shaped by the receiption stage, a microprocessor connected to the correlation stage and adapted to calculate X, Y and Z position, velocity and time data as a function of data extracted, after correlation, from the radio-frequency signals transmitted by the satellites,

wherein, in each channel, a controller, including a digital signal processing algorithm, is associated with the correlator to allow all synchronisation tasks to be performed autonomously for acquiring and tracking a satellite when the channel is set in operation,

wherein the controller acts on control loops of the pseudo random noise code phase and a carrier frequency in a bit-parallel architecture, and

wherein at least a set of data input and output registers is placed at the interface between the correlation stage and the microprocessor in order to receive data transmitted by the microprocessor to the correlation stage and data supplied from the correlation stage, said data passing through the set of registers being formed of signals of a frequency lower than or equal to the frequency of message signals;

so that the microprocessor can perform the tasks of calculating the position, velocity and time without any intervention as regards the synchronisation and correlation tasks.

13. A low power radio-frequency receiver including an antenna for receiving radio-frequency signals originating from satellites, a reception and shaping stage for the radio-frequency signals provided by the antenna, a correlation stage formed of several channels which each include a correlator, said correlation stage receiving intermediate signals shaped by the reception stage, a microprocessor connected to the correlation stage and adapted to calculate X, Y and Z position, velocity and time data as a function of data extracted, after correlation, from the radio-frequency signals transmitted by the satellites, wherein, in each channel, a controller, including a digital signal processing algorithm, is associated with the correlator to allow all synchronisation tasks to be performed autonomously for acquiring and tracking a satellite when the channel is set in operation, and wherein at least a set of data input and output registers is placed at the interface between the correlation stage and the microprocessor in order to receive data, transmitted by the microprocessor to the correlation stage, and data supplied from the correlation stage, said data passing through the set of registers being formed of signals of a frequency lower than or equal to the frequency of message signals, so that the microprocessor can perform the tasks of calculating the position, velocity and time without any intervention as regards the synchronisation and correlation tasks,

wherein a first part of the correlator and the controller of each channel is clocked by a first clock signal provided by a quartz oscillator housed in the reception and shaping stage, and wherein a second part of the correlator and the controller is clocked by a second clock signal, the frequency of the first clock signal being 16 times greater than the frequency of the second clock signal.

14. A watch including a low power radio-frequency receiver including an antenna for receiving radio-frequency signals originating from satellites, a reception and shaping stage for the radio-frequency signals provided by the antenna, a correlation stage formed of several channels which each include a correlator, said correlation stage receiving intermediate signals shaped by the reception stage, a microprocessor connected to the correlation stage and adapted to calculate X, Y and Z position, velocity and time data as a function of data extracted, after correlation, from the radio-frequency signals transmitted by the satellites, wherein, in each channel, a controller, including a digital signal processing algorithm, is associated with the correlator to allow all synchronisation tasks to be performed autonomously for acquiring and tracking a satellite when the channel is set in operation, and wherein at least a set of data input and output registers is placed at the interface between the correlation stage and the microprocessor in order to receive data, transmitted by the microprocessor to the correlation stage, and data supplied from the correlation stage, said data passing through the set of registers being formed of signals of a frequency lower than or equal to the frequency of message signals, so that the microprocessor can perform the tasks of calculating the position, velocity and time without any intervention as regards the synchronisation and correlation tasks,

wherein the radio-frequency receiver is housed in the case of the watch and is powered by an energy accumulator or a battery also used for powering electronic components for horological functions.