Superheater capillary two-phase thermodynamic power conversion cycle system
First Claim
1. A system for conducting a working fluid and for receiving input heat from a heat source and for providing work out, the system comprising,a capillary device for receiving the input heat from the heat source and phase changing and separating the working fluid from a liquid state to the first vapor state at a first vapor pressure, a superheater for receiving the input heat and heating the working fluid in the first vapor state to a second vapor state, the working fluid in the first vapor state is heated into the second vapor state at a second vapor pressure at a superheated temperature in staggered amounts, a turbine for converting thermal energy of the working fluid in the second vapor state into mechanical energy as the work out while converting the working fluid from the second vapor state to a third vapor state at the third vapor pressure, and a condenser for phase changing the working fluid in the third vapor state into a liquid state while rejecting waste heat.
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Abstract
A two-phase thermodynamic power system includes a capillary device, vapor accumulator, superheater, an inline turbine, a condenser, a liquid pump and a liquid preheater for generating output power as a generator. The capillary device, such as a loop heat pipe or a capillary pumped loop, is coupled to a vapor accumulator, superheater, the inline turbine for generating output power for power generation, liquid pump and liquid preheater. The capillary device receives input heat that is used to change phase of liquid received from the liquid preheater, liquid pump and condenser into vapor for extra heating in the superheater used to then drive the turbine. The power system is well suited for space applications using a radioisotope, active nuclear or solar heat source. The system can use waste heat from various dynamic or static power systems as a heat source and waste heat from spacecraft components such as electronics as a heat source. These heat sources can be used separately or in any combination. The power system can be combined with thermal energy storage devices when operated with heat sources that are not steady state. Heat sources are useful for driving the capillary wick, superheater and liquid preheater for increased power efficiency and long lifetime operation. The power system is well suited for space receiving heat from a heat source to produce useful mechanical energy. A superheater in combination with a liquid pump and preheater are implemented for use with the evaporator for improved thermal efficiency while operating at maximum cycle temperatures well below other available power conversion cycles.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A system for conducting a working fluid and for receiving input heat from a heat source and for providing work out, the system comprising,
a capillary device for receiving the input heat from the heat source and phase changing and separating the working fluid from a liquid state to the first vapor state at a first vapor pressure, a superheater for receiving the input heat and heating the working fluid in the first vapor state to a second vapor state, the working fluid in the first vapor state is heated into the second vapor state at a second vapor pressure at a superheated temperature in staggered amounts, a turbine for converting thermal energy of the working fluid in the second vapor state into mechanical energy as the work out while converting the working fluid from the second vapor state to a third vapor state at the third vapor pressure, and a condenser for phase changing the working fluid in the third vapor state into a liquid state while rejecting waste heat.
Specification