Reactant nozzles within flowing reactors
First Claim
1. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet nozzle, the nozzle comprising and inlet slot opening into the main chamber elongated in one direction relative to an orthogonal direction thereof and an elongated throat baffle operably connected to the inlet slot that modulates a flow of ractants into the inlet slot, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
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Abstract
Improved reaction chamber designs are described that provide for improved control over the flow within the reaction chamber. The reaction chambers contain reactions for particle production from a flowing reactant stream. Improved reactant delivery nozzles are described that are useful for the delivery of gas/vapor reactants and/or aerosol reactants. Improved nozzle designs can result in more uniform reactant flow. Suitable reactors can comprise an electromagnetic radiation source that projects through the reactor to drive the reaction at an electromagnetic radiation reaction zone. The improved nozzle features are suitable for reactors for particle collection and/or for coating of substrates within the reaction chamber.
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Citations
63 Claims
- 1. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet nozzle, the nozzle comprising and inlet slot opening into the main chamber elongated in one direction relative to an orthogonal direction thereof and an elongated throat baffle operably connected to the inlet slot that modulates a flow of ractants into the inlet slot, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 20. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant delivery system comprising a reactant inlet nozzle opening into the main chamber wherein the inlet nozzle comprises a group of at least three aligned elongated inlets opening into the main chamber and wherein the elongated inlets are connected to reactant supplies generating increasing reactant velocities emanating from successive inlets when proceeding from the center of the group of aligned inlets to outer inlets, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber along an elongated direction of the inlet openings to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 30. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant delivery apparatus comprising a reactant inlet nozzle, wherein the reactant inlet nozzle comprises a plurality of inlets opening into the main chamber and a plurality of positionable slot plates separated by spacers to form desired slot dimension(s) and wherein the slot plates form the plurality of inlets, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 39. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant delivery apparatus comprising a reactant source that comprises a reactant inlet nozzle, the reactant inlet nozzle comprising an inlet opening into the main chamber elongated in one dimension relative to an orthogonal dimension thereof, the reactant inlet nozzle being tapered in the direction leading to the inlet opening to reduce a dimension of a flow path corresponding to the elongated direction of the inlet, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 49. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet nozzle that comprises a flow grid and a channel from a reactant precursor source to a reactant inlet opening into the main chamber, the flow grid being operably connected to the channel wherein the flow grid divides a flow at the reactant inlet opening into a plurality of divided flows, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 53. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet nozzle that comprises a channel leading to a reactant inlet that opens into the main chamber, the reactant inlet comprising structure that defines an elongated length and a width having an aspect ratio of at least about 50, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 55. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet nozzle that comprises a channel leading to a reactant inlet that opens into the main chamber, the reactant inlet comprising structure that defines an opening with an elongated dimension and a width that varies along the elongated dimension in which the width is greater near the ends of the elongated dimension than at the center of the elongated dimension, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber along the elongated direction of the opening to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet nozzle.
- 57. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet that opens into the main chamber, the reactant inlet being elongated in one dimension relative to an orthogonal dimension thereof with the elongated dimension of the reactant inlet being at least about 5 centimeters and the reactant inlet generating a reactant stream with a velocity along the length of the inlet that at each position differs in magnitude from the average velocity by no more than about 50% of the average of the velocity of flows of the reactant stream, the radiation source being oriented to direct radiation through the main chamber along the elongated direction of the reactant to intersect with a reactant stream path from the reactant inlet.
- 60. A reactor comprising a main chamber, a radiation source and a reactant source comprising a reactant inlet that opens into the main chamber, the reactant source comprising an aerosol generator that generates an aerosol for delivery through the reactant inlet, the reactant inlet comprising an elongated dimension relative to an orthogonal dimension thereof and the reactant inlet comprising a plurality of openings separated along the elongated dimension of the inlet with a barrier separating each of the openings from an adjacent opening.
Specification