Heuristics for efficient supply chain planning in a heterogeneous production line

• US 6,920,366 B1
• Filed: 03/04/2004
• Issued: 07/19/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 03/04/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited
• Inventors: Luh, Ann, Hong, Andy, Wang, Kathy, Chen, Shu-Min, Wu, Oliver
• Primary Examiner(s): Picard, Leo
• Assistant Examiner(s): JARRETT, RYAN A
• Application Number:
  US10/793,406
• Time in Patent Office: 502 Days
• Field of Search: 700 99-101, 700/102
• US Class Current: 700/101
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06 Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling

Abstract

A computer integrated manufacturing system executes a program process that performs a capacity planning method that allocates usage of a plurality of manufacturing elements of a manufacturing enterprise by major and minor apparatus, squeezing for overhead cost consideration, and site balance for maintain basic operation. The program process begins by receiving at least one fabrication forecast describing scheduling and types of product lots that are predicted to be fabricated within a first period of time by the manufacturing enterprise from at least one order management system of the manufacturing enterprise. Rolling statistics of products lots fabricated during a second period of time are retrieved from a data retention device of the computer integrated manufacturing system. Capacity planning for the allocation of the product lot predicted to be fabricated by the manufacturing elements is performed.

Claims

1. A capacity planning system that allocates usage of a plurality of manufacturing elements of a manufacturing enterprise comprising:

a capacity planning processor in communications with at least one order management system of said manufacturing enterprise to receive at least one fabrication forecast describing scheduling and types of product lots that are predicted to be fabricated within a first period of time by said manufacturing enterprise and in communication with at least one computer integrated manufacturing system to receive rolling statistics of products lots fabricated during a second period of time,

wherein said capacity planning processor performs the steps of;

determining a priority ranking of said product lots predicted to be fabricated from heuristics developed from said product lots fabricated during said second period of time,

allocating of said predicted product lots to said manufacturing elements, and

balancing said predicted product lots between said manufacturing elements according to manufacturing element balancing guidelines.

2. The capacity planning system of claim 1 wherein said heuristics are developed by the steps of:

determining a standard priority for said product lots fabricated during said second period of time;

determining the manufacturing elements employed in fabrication of said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

comparing product identification of said product lots predicted to be fabricated with said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

assigning the standard priority to said product lots predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning a major preference and a minor preference for said manufacturing elements for said product lots predicted to be fabricated.

3. The capacity planning system of claim 1 wherein said manufacturing elements are selected from the group of manufacturing elements consisting of manufacturing fabrication facilities, manufacturing fabrication areas within a fabrication facility, raw material providers, component part providers, fabrication processing equipment within said fabrication areas, fabrication verification and testing equipment associated with said fabrication areas, and fabrication sub-contractors providing fabrication services for said manufacturing fabrication areas.

4. The capacity planning system of claim 1 wherein manufacturing element balancing guidelines comprise:

squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements rather than transferring said product lot to another of said manufacturing element, if a cost of said transfer is too great;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of at least one of said manufacturing elements;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization; and

selecting placement of the plurality product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot.

5. The capacity planning system of claim 4 wherein squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements is executed by performing the steps of:

selecting one manufacturing element with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated, but with a utilization approaching a full capacity level;

selecting a plurality of manufacturing elements each with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated but with a low utilization;

determining a first overhead associated with placing the product lot predicted to be fabricated with each of plurality of manufacturing elements;

determining a second overhead for squeezing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity; and

if said first overhead is greater than second overhead, placing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity.

6. The capacity planning system of claim 4 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements comprises the steps of:

determining a utilization rate of each of said manufacturing elements;

if any of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate less that a differential threshold of other of said manufacturing elements, determining a third overhead for idling manufacturing elements with little or no utilization;

determining a fourth overhead for maintaining operation in manufacturing elements with little or no utilization; and

if the fourth overhead is less than the third overhead, assigning at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements with little or no utilization.

7. The capacity planning system of claim 6 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements further comprises the steps of:

if the fourth overhead is greater than the third overhead, squeezing at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to the other of said manufacturing elements.

8. The capacity planning system of claim 4 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization comprises the steps of:

determining the utilization rate of each of the manufacturing elements;

if one of the manufacturing elements has a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold, determining whether any of the manufacturing elements has a capability matching capability requirements of the manufacturing elements with a utilization rate greater than the utilization threshold; and

transferring an assignment of product lots predicted to be fabricated to these at least one of the those manufacturing elements with the capability matching the capability requirements of the product lot predicted to be fabricated.

9. The capacity planning system of claim 4 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot comprises the steps of:

determining capability requirements for each of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining capabilities for each of the manufacturing elements;

comparing the capabilities of each of the manufacturing elements;

assigning product lots predicted to be fabricated to those manufacturing elements with capabilities that match the capability requirements of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining a utilization rate for each of the manufacturing elements;

determining which of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold;

selecting one of other manufacturing elements based on a candidate ranking;

determining if the selected other manufacturing element has a capability that matches the capability requirement of product lot predicted to be fabricated assigned to the manufacturing element with the utilization rate greater than said utilization threshold;

if said capability of said selected other manufacturing element matches said capability requirement, determining if said selected other manufacturing element has capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning said product lot predicted to be fabricated to said selected other manufacturing element for fabrication.

10. The capacity planning system of claim 9 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot further comprises the steps of:

if said selected other manufacturing element does not have capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated;

determining if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of a portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of said portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated, assigning the portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated.

11. A computer-implemented capacity planning method that allocates usage of a plurality of manufacturing elements of a manufacturing enterprise comprising the steps of:

receiving from at least one order management system of said manufacturing enterprise at least one fabrication forecast describing scheduling and types of product lots that are predicted to be fabricated within a first period of time by said manufacturing enterprise;

receiving from at least one computer integrated manufacturing system rolling statistics of products lots fabricated during a second period of time; and

planning capacity allocation of product lots predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements by the steps of;

determining a priority ranking of said product lots predicted to be fabricated from heuristics developed from said product lots fabricated during said second period of time,

allocating of said predicted product lots to said manufacturing elements, and

balancing said predicted product lots between said manufacturing elements according to manufacturing element balancing guidelines.

12. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 11 wherein said heuristics are developed by the steps of:

determining a standard priority for said product lots fabricated during said second period of time;

determining the manufacturing elements employed in fabrication of said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

comparing product identification of said product lots predicted to be fabricated with said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

assigning the standard priority to said product lots predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning a major preference and a minor preference for said manufacturing elements for said product lots predicted to be fabricated.

13. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 11 wherein said manufacturing elements are selected from the group of manufacturing elements consisting of manufacturing fabrication facilities, manufacturing fabrication areas within a fabrication facility, raw material providers, component part providers, fabrication processing equipment within said fabrication areas, fabrication verification and testing equipment associated with said fabrication areas, and fabrication sub-contractors providing fabrication services for said manufacturing fabrication areas.

14. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 11 wherein manufacturing element balancing guidelines comprise:

squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements rather than transferring said product lot to another of said manufacturing element, if a cost of said transfer is too great;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of at least one of said manufacturing elements;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization; and

selecting placement of the plurality product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot.

15. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 14 wherein squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements is executed by performing the steps of:

selecting one manufacturing elements with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated, but with a utilization approaching a full capacity level;

selecting a plurality of manufacturing elements each with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated but with a low utilization;

determining a first overhead associated with placing the product lot predicted to be fabricated with each of plurality of manufacturing elements;

determining a second overhead for squeezing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity; and

if said first overhead is greater than second overhead, placing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity.

16. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 14 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements comprises the steps of:

determining a utilization rate of each of said manufacturing elements;

if any of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate less that a differential threshold of other of said manufacturing elements, determining a third overhead for idling manufacturing elements with little or no utilization;

determining a fourth overhead for maintaining operation in manufacturing elements with little or no utilization; and

if the fourth overhead is less than the third overhead, assigning at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements with little or no utilization.

17. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 16 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements further comprises the steps of:

if the fourth overhead is greater than the third overhead, squeezing at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to the other of said manufacturing elements.

18. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 14 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization comprises the steps of:

determining the utilization rate of each of the manufacturing elements;

if one of the manufacturing elements has a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold, determining whether any of the manufacturing elements has a capability matching capability requirements of the manufacturing elements with a utilization rate greater than the utilization threshold; and

transferring an assignment of product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one of the those manufacturing elements with the capability matching the capability requirements of the product lot predicted to be fabricated.

19. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 14 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot comprises the steps of:

determining capability requirements for each of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining capabilities for each of the manufacturing elements;

comparing the capabilities of each of the manufacturing elements;

assigning product lots predicted to be fabricated to those manufacturing elements with capabilities that match the capability requirements of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining a utilization rate for each of the manufacturing elements;

determining which of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold;

selecting one of other manufacturing elements based on a candidate ranking;

determining if the selected other manufacturing element has a capability that matches the capability requirement of product lot predicted to be fabricated assigned to the manufacturing element with the utilization rate greater than said utilization threshold;

if said capability of said selected other manufacturing element matches said capability requirement, determining if said selected other manufacturing element has capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning said product lot predicted to be fabricated to said selected other manufacturing element for fabrication.

20. The computer-implemented capacity planning method of claim 19 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot further comprises the steps of:

if said selected other manufacturing element does not have capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated;

determining if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of a portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of said portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated, assigning the portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated.

21. A capacity planning apparatus that allocates usage of a plurality of manufacturing elements of a manufacturing enterprise comprising:

means for receiving from at least one order management system of said manufacturing enterprise at least one fabrication forecast describing scheduling and types of product lots that are predicted to be fabricated within a first period of time by said manufacturing enterprise;

means for receiving from at least one computer integrated manufacturing system rolling statistics of products lots fabricated during a second period of time; and

means for planning capacity allocation of product lots predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements, said means for planning capacity allocation comprising;

means for determining a priority ranking of said product lots predicted to be fabricated from heuristics developed from said product lots fabricated during said second period of time,

means for allocating of said predicted product lots to said manufacturing elements, and

means for balancing said predicted product lots between said manufacturing elements according to manufacturing element balancing guidelines.

22. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 21 wherein said heuristics are developed by the steps of:

determining a standard priority for said product lots fabricated during said second period of time;

determining the manufacturing elements employed in fabrication of said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

comparing product identification of said product lots predicted to be fabricated with said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

assigning the standard priority to said product lots predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning a major preference and a minor preference for said manufacturing elements for said product lots predicted to be fabricated.

23. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 21 wherein said manufacturing elements are selected from the group of manufacturing elements consisting of manufacturing fabrication facilities, manufacturing fabrication areas within a fabrication facility, raw material providers, component part providers, fabrication processing equipment within said fabrication areas, fabrication verification and testing equipment associated with said fabrication areas, and fabrication sub-contractors providing fabrication services for said manufacturing fabrication areas.

24. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 21 wherein manufacturing element balancing guidelines comprise:

squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements rather than transferring said product lot to another of said manufacturing element, if a cost of said transfer is too great;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of at least one of said manufacturing elements;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization; and

selecting placement of the plurality product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot.

25. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 24 wherein squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements is executed by performing the steps of:

selecting one manufacturing element with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated, but with a utilization approaching a full capacity level;

selecting a plurality of manufacturing elements each with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated but with a low utilization;

determining a first overhead associated with placing the product lot predicted to be fabricated with each of plurality of manufacturing elements;

determining a second overhead for squeezing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity; and

if said first overhead is greater than second overhead, placing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity.

26. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 24 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements comprises the steps of:

determining a utilization rate of each of said manufacturing elements;

if any of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate less that a differential threshold of other of said manufacturing elements, determining a third overhead for idling manufacturing elements with little or no utilization;

determining a fourth overhead for maintaining operation in manufacturing elements with little or no utilization; and

if the fourth overhead is less than the third overhead, assigning at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements with little or no utilization.

27. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 26 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements further comprises the steps of:

if the fourth overhead is greater than the third overhead, squeezing at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to the other of said manufacturing elements.

28. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 24 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization comprises the steps of:

determining the utilization rate of each of the manufacturing elements;

if one of the manufacturing elements has a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold, determining whether any of the manufacturing elements has a capability matching capability requirements of the manufacturing elements with a utilization rate greater than the utilization threshold; and

transferring an assignment of product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one of the those manufacturing elements with the capability matching the capability requirements of the product lot predicted to be fabricated.

29. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 24 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot comprises the steps of:

determining capability requirements for each of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining capabilities for each of the manufacturing elements;

comparing the capabilities of each of the manufacturing elements;

assigning product lots predicted to be fabricated to those manufacturing elements with capabilities that match the capability requirements of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining a utilization rate for each of the manufacturing elements;

determining which of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold;

selecting one of other manufacturing elements based on a candidate ranking;

determining if the selected other manufacturing element has a capability that matches the capability requirement of product lot predicted to be fabricated assigned to the manufacturing element with the utilization rate greater than said utilization threshold;

if said capability of said selected other manufacturing element matches said capability requirement, determining if said selected other manufacturing clement has capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning said product lot predicted to be fabricated to said selected other manufacturing element for fabrication.

30. The capacity planning apparatus of claim 29 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot further comprises the steps of:

if said selected other manufacturing element does not have capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated;

determining if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of a portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of said portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated, assigning the portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated.

31. A computer integrated manufacturing system that executes a program process that performs a capacity planning method that allocates usage of a plurality of manufacturing elements of a manufacturing enterprise, the program process comprising the steps of:

receiving from at least one order management system of said manufacturing enterprise at least one fabrication forecast describing scheduling and types of product lots that are predicted to be fabricated within a first period of time by said manufacturing enterprise;

receiving from at least one computer integrated manufacturing system rolling statistics of products lots fabricated during a second period of time; and

planning capacity allocation of product lots predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements by the steps of;

determining a priority ranking of said product lots predicted to be fabricated from heuristics developed from said product lots fabricated during said second period of time,

allocating of said predicted product lots to said manufacturing elements, and

balancing said predicted product lots between said manufacturing elements according to manufacturing element balancing guidelines.

32. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 31 wherein said heuristics are developed by the steps of:

determining a standard priority for said product lots fabricated during said second period of time;

determining the manufacturing elements employed in fabrication of said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

comparing product identification of said product lots predicted to be fabricated with said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

assigning the standard priority to said product lots predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning a major preference and a minor preference for said manufacturing elements for said product lots predicted to be fabricated.

33. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 31 wherein said manufacturing elements are selected from the group of manufacturing elements consisting of manufacturing fabrication facilities, manufacturing fabrication areas within a fabrication facility, raw material providers, component part providers, fabrication processing equipment within said fabrication areas, fabrication verification and testing equipment associated with said fabrication areas, and fabrication sub-contractors providing fabrication services for said manufacturing fabrication areas.

34. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 31 wherein manufacturing element balancing guidelines comprise:

squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements rather than transferring said product lot to another of said manufacturing element, if a cost of said transfer is too great;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of at least one of said manufacturing elements;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization; and

selecting placement of the plurality product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot.

35. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 34 wherein squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements is executed by performing the steps of:

selecting one manufacturing element with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated, but with a utilization approaching a full capacity level;

selecting a plurality of manufacturing elements each with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated but with a low utilization;

determining a first overhead associated with placing the product lot predicted to be fabricated with each of plurality of manufacturing elements;

determining a second overhead for squeezing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity; and

if said first overhead is greater than second overhead, placing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity.

36. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 34 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements comprises the steps of:

determining a utilization rate of each of said manufacturing elements;

if any of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate less that a differential threshold of other of said manufacturing elements, determining a third overhead for idling manufacturing elements with little or no utilization;

determining a fourth overhead for maintaining operation in manufacturing elements with little or no utilization; and

if the fourth overhead is less than the third overhead, assigning at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements with little or no utilization.

37. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 36 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements further comprises the steps of:

if the fourth overhead is greater than the third overhead, squeezing at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to the other of said manufacturing elements.

38. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 34 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization comprises the steps of:

determining the utilization rate of each of the manufacturing elements;

if one of the manufacturing elements has a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold, determining whether any of the manufacturing elements has a capability matching capability requirements of the manufacturing elements with a utilization rate greater than the utilization threshold; and

transferring an assignment of product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one of the those manufacturing elements with the capability matching the capability requirements of the product lot predicted to be fabricated.

39. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 34 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot comprises the steps of:

determining capability requirements for each of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining capabilities for each of the manufacturing elements;

comparing the capabilities of each of the manufacturing elements;

assigning product lots predicted to be fabricated to those manufacturing elements with capabilities that match the capability requirements of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining a utilization rate for each of the manufacturing elements;

determining which of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold;

selecting one of other manufacturing elements based on a candidate ranking;

determining if the selected other manufacturing element has a capability that matches the capability requirement of product lot predicted to be fabricated assigned to the manufacturing element with the utilization rate greater than said utilization threshold;

if said capability of said selected other manufacturing element matches said capability requirement, determining if said selected other manufacturing element has capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning said product lot predicted to be fabricated to said selected other manufacturing element for fabrication.

40. The computer integrated manufacturing system of claim 39 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot further comprises the steps of:

if said selected other manufacturing element does not have capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated;

determining if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of a portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of said portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated, assigning the portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated.

41. A medium for retaining a computer program which, when executed by a computing system, said program process performs a capacity planning method that allocates usage of a plurality of manufacturing elements of a manufacturing enterprise, the program process comprising the steps of:

receiving from at least one order management system of said manufacturing enterprise at least one fabrication forecast describing scheduling and types of product lots that are predicted to be fabricated within a first period of time by said manufacturing enterprise;

receiving from at least one computer integrated manufacturing system rolling statistics of products lots fabricated during a second period of time; and

planning capacity allocation of product lots predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements by the steps of;

determining a priority ranking of said product lots predicted to be fabricated from heuristics developed from said product lots fabricated during said second period of time,

allocating of said predicted product lots to said manufacturing elements, and

balancing said predicted product lots between said manufacturing elements according to manufacturing element balancing guidelines.

42. The medium of claim 41 wherein said heuristics are developed by the steps of:

determining a standard priority for said product lots fabricated during said second period of time;

determining the manufacturing elements employed in fabrication of said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

comparing product identification of said product lots predicted to be fabricated with said product lots fabricated in said second period of time;

assigning the standard priority to said product lots predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning a major preference and a minor preference for said manufacturing elements for said product lots predicted to be fabricated.

43. The medium of claim 41 wherein said manufacturing elements are selected from the group of manufacturing elements consisting of manufacturing fabrication facilities, manufacturing fabrication areas within a fabrication facility, raw material providers, component part providers, fabrication processing equipment within said fabrication areas, fabrication, verification, and testing equipment associated with said fabrication areas, and fabrication sub-contractors providing fabrication services for said manufacturing fabrication areas.

44. The medium of claim 41 wherein manufacturing element balancing guidelines comprise:

squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements rather than transferring said product lot to another of said manufacturing element, if a cost of said transfer is too great;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of at least one of said manufacturing elements;

balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization; and

selecting placement of the plurality product lots predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot.

45. The medium of claim 44 wherein squeezing one product lot predicted to be fabricated to one of said manufacturing elements is executed by performing the steps of:

selecting one manufacturing elements with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated, but with a utilization approaching a full capacity level;

selecting a plurality of manufacturing elements each with a capability to process said product lot predicted to be fabricated but with a low utilization;

determining a first overhead associated with placing the product lot predicted to be fabricated with each of plurality of manufacturing elements;

determining a second overhead for squeezing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity; and

if said first overhead is greater than second overhead, placing said product lot predicted to be fabricated into said manufacturing element with a utilization approaching full capacity.

46. The medium of claim 44 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements comprises the steps of:

determining a utilization rate of each of said manufacturing elements;

if any of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate less that a differential threshold of other of said manufacturing elements, determining a third overhead for idling manufacturing elements with little or no utilization;

determining a fourth overhead for maintaining operation in manufacturing elements with little or no utilization; and

if the fourth overhead is less than the third overhead, assigning at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to said manufacturing elements with little or no utilization.

47. The medium of claim 46 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to maintain operation of said manufacturing elements during periods of low utilization of said manufacturing elements further comprises the steps of:

if the fourth overhead is greater than the third overhead, squeezing at least one product lot predicted to be fabricated to the other of said manufacturing elements.

48. The medium of claim 44 wherein balancing fabrication of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated among said manufacturing elements to adjust placement of the plurality of product lots predicted to be fabricated to eliminate an overloaded utilization of those manufacturing elements with an overloaded utilization comprises the steps of:

determining the utilization rate of each of the manufacturing elements;

if one of the manufacturing elements has a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold, determining whether any of the manufacturing elements has a capability matching capability requirements of the manufacturing elements with a utilization rate greater than the utilization threshold; and

transferring an assignment of product lots predicted to be fabricated to these at least one of the those manufacturing elements with the capability matching the capability requirements of the product lot predicted to be fabricated.

49. The medium of claim 44 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot comprises the steps of:

determining capability requirements for each of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining capabilities for each of the manufacturing elements;

comparing the capabilities of each of the manufacturing elements;

assigning product lots predicted to be fabricated to those manufacturing elements with capabilities that match the capability requirements of the product lots predicted to be fabricated;

determining a utilization rate for each of the manufacturing elements;

determining which of said manufacturing elements have a utilization rate greater than a utilization threshold;

selecting one of other manufacturing elements based on a candidate ranking;

determining if the selected other manufacturing element has a capability that matches the capability requirement of product lot predicted to be fabricated assigned to the manufacturing element with the utilization rate greater than said utilization threshold;

if said capability of said selected other manufacturing element matches said capability requirement, determining if said selected other manufacturing element has capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

assigning said product lot predicted to be fabricated to said selected other manufacturing element for fabrication.

50. The medium of claim 49 wherein selecting placement of one product lot predicted to be fabricated to at least one manufacturing element having a best match to provide capacity for fabrication of said product lot further comprises the steps of:

if said other manufacturing element does not have capacity to accept assignment of said product lot predicted to be fabricated;

determining if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of a portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated; and

if said selected other manufacturing element can accept assignment of said portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated, assigning the portion of said product lot predicted to be fabricated.