Reference oscillator

• US 6,933,788 B2
• Filed: 05/16/2001
• Issued: 08/23/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/16/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kyocera Corporation
• Original Assignee: Kyocera Wireless Corporation (Kyocera Corporation)
• Inventors: Forrester, Tim
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Simon
• Application Number:
  US09/859,853
• Publication Number:
  US 20020173284A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,560 Days
• Field of Search: 455/63.1, 455/76, 455/182.2, 455/192.2, 455/255, 455/259, 455/316, 455/230, 455/317, 455/334, 455/258, 331/1.R, 331/16, 331/18, 331/30
• US Class Current: 331/1.00R
• CPC Class Codes: H03J 1/0008 using a central processing unit, e.g. a microprocessor digital tuning in general H03J5/0245
• CPC Class Codes: H03J 7/04 where the frequency control is accomplished by varying the electrical characteristics of a non-mechanically adjustable element or where the nature of the frequency controlling element is not significant
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 1/026 by using a memory for digitally storing correction values H03L1/025 takes precedence

Abstract

A receiver uses an adaptive algorithm to tune a low-cost crystal oscillator according to a temperature compensation profile so as to produce a precision master reference frequency despite temperature, initial tolerance, and aging effects. An automatic frequency control system also tunes the crystal oscillator. The adaptive algorithm adjusts the temperature compensation profile for the crystal oscillator according to the adjustments made by the automatic frequency control should a received signal'"'"'s quality factor exceed that associated with the temperature compensation profile.

Claims

1. A method of providing a reference frequency signal, comprising:

associating a quality factor with frequency correction information;

storing the frequency correction information for a reference oscillator;

generating a frequency correction signal using the frequency correction information;

tuning the reference oscillator using the frequency correction signal, the reference oscillator outputting the reference frequency signal;

associating a received quality factor with a signal received according to the reference signal;

determining a frequency error in the reference frequency signal;

comparing the quality factor with the received quality factor; and

modifying the frequency correction information responsive to the comparison.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

storing updated frequency correction information responsive to the comparison.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining whether the signal received according to the reference signal is a valid signal, wherein the storing the updated frequency correction information act is responsive to this determination.

4. A correction circuit for a receiver, comprising:

a mixer configured to receive a transmitted signal and a local oscillator signal, the mixer configured to output an IF signal;

processing circuitry configured to receive the IF signal and to output a demodulated signal;

a low pass filter configured to receive the demodulated signal and output a filtered signal;

a non-volatile memory configured to store frequency correction information and a quality factor associated with the frequency correction information;

a summing circuit configured to receive the filtered signal and a correction factor signal, the summing circuit configured to output a correction signal;

a reference oscillator configured to receive the correction signal, the reference oscillator configured to generate a reference signal that is used to generate the local oscillator signal;

a computational device configured to receive a temperature signal and the filtered signal, the computation device performing the steps of;

retrieving frequency correction information from the non-volatile memory responsive to the temperature signal;

generating the correction factor signal using the retrieved frequency correction information;

generating updated frequency correction information responsive to the filtered signal; and

storing data indicative of the updated frequency correction information in the nonvolatile memory

generating a received quality factor associated with the demodulated signal;

comparing the received quality factor to the quality factor; and

modifying the frequency correction information responsive to the comparison.

5. The correction circuit according to claim 4, wherein the computational device is configured to receive a validation signal, and generates the updated frequency correction information responsive to receiving the validation signal.

6. The correction circuit according to claim 4, wherein the computation device additionally performs the steps of:

generating updated frequency correction information responsive to comparing the received quality factor with the quality factor; and

storing data indicative of the updated frequency correction information.

7. A method of providing a reference frequency signal, comprising:

storing discrete frequency correction factors for a reference oscillator;

receiving current temperature data;

determining a correction factor associated with the current temperature data by correlating the current temperature data with the discrete frequency correction factors;

tuning a reference oscillator using the correction factor, the reference oscillator outputting the reference frequency signal;

determining a frequency error in the reference frequency signal;

generating updated frequency correction information using the frequency error;

determining updated discrete frequency correction factors using the updated frequency correction information; and

storing the updated discrete frequency correction factors;

associating a quality factor with at least one of the frequency correction factors;

determining a received quality factor associated with a signal received according to the reference signal;

comparing the quality factor to the received quality factor; and

storing the undated discrete frequency correction factors responsive to the comparison.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:

receiving a validation signal indicative of the presence of a valid signal; and

storing the updated discrete frequency correction factors responsive to the validation signal.

9. A method of calibrating an oscillator in a communication device, comprising:

determining initial frequency correction information for the oscillator;

storing the initial frequency correction information in the communication device;

correlating the initial frequency correction information with a current temperature to generate a current correction signal;

tuning a reference oscillator in the communication device according to the current correction signal to generate a reference signal;

transmitting a strong signal to the communication device,

determining a frequency error in the reference signal according to the strong transmitted signal;

calculating calibrated frequency correction information that compensates for the frequency error;

storing the calibrated frequency correction information in the communication device; and

associating a quality factor with the calibrated frequency correction information and storing the associated quality factor in the communication device.

10. A method of maintaining frequency accuracy for an oscillator in a communication device, comprising:

providing frequency correction information in the communication device;

generating a correction signal indicative of a frequency error at a current temperature, the correction signal for tuning the oscillator;

generating updated frequency correction information that compensates for the frequency error;

storing the updated frequency correction information in the wireless device;

associating a quality factor with the frequency correction information;

determining an updated quality factor for the undated frequency correction information;

comparing the quality factor to the updated quality factor; and

storing the updated frequency correction information and updated quality factor responsive to the comparison.

11. A method for compensating a reference oscillator of a receiver, comprising:

storing a plurality of predetermined temperature compensation factors, each temperature compensation factor being associated with a quality factor;

correlating the receiver s temperature with a subset of temperature correction factors from the plurality to produce a current correction factor;

compensating the reference oscillator according to the current correction factor, the reference oscillator thereby producing a reference signal;

receiving a transmitted signal with the receiver tuned according to the reference signal to produce a received signal having a frequency offset; and

adjusting the temperature compensation factors within the subset according to the frequency offset if the received signal'"'"'s quality factor exceeds the quality factor associated with the subset.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

storing the adjusted temperature compensation factors.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

reducing the quality factors associated with the plurality of temperature compensation factors proportionally to the passage of time.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

determining whether the transmitted signal is a valid signal, wherein the adjusting the temperature compensation factors within the subset act occurs only if the received signal is a valid signal.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the determining act determines whether the transmitted signal is the pilot signal of a base station.

16. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

adjusting the reference oscillator according to an automatic frequency control signal to reduce the frequency offset.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the automatic frequency control signal is produced by a low-pass filtering of the received signal.

18. The method of claim 12, wherein the receiving the transmitted signal according to the reference signal act occurs by mixing a signal whose frequency is proportional to the reference signal with the transmitted signal to produce the received signal having a frequency offset.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the received signal'"'"'s quality factor is determined according to a carrier-to-noise ratio.

20. A receiver, comprising:

a reference oscillator;

a automatic frequency control system coupled to the reference oscillator, wherein the automatic frequency control system controls the reference oscillator'"'"'s frequency according to a frequency offset of a received signal;

a computation engine coupled to a memory storing a plurality of predetermined temperature correction factors spanning a temperature range, wherein each temperature compensation factor is associated with a quality factor; and

a temperature sensing device coupled to the computation engine for sensing the temperature of the receiver;

wherein the computation engine is configured to correlate the temperature of the receiver with a subset of the temperature compensation factors to produce a current temperature compensation factor for adjusting the frequency of the reference oscillator, the computation engine being further configured to adjust the subset according to the frequency offset if the received signal'"'"'s quality factor exceeds the quality factor associated with the subset.

21. The receiver of claim 20, further comprising:

a mixer for mixing a signal whose frequency is proportional to the reference signal with a transmitted signal to produce the received signal.

22. A frequency generator circuit comprising:

a crystal oscillator having an input to accept an oscillator correction signal and an output to supply a frequency responsive to the oscillator correction signal;

a summing circuit having an input to accept a reference signal, an input to accept a current correction factor signal, and an output to supply the oscillator correction signal; and

a computation engine having an input to accept the reference signal and an input to accept stored correction information, the computation engine calculating a quality factor associated with the reference signal and supplying the current correction factor signal responsive to the quality factor calculation and the stored correction information.

23. The circuit of claim 22 further comprising:

a memory to supply the stored correction information and associated quality factors to the computation engine; and

wherein the computation engine supplies the current correction factor signal in response to comparing the quality factor of the reference signal to the quality factor of the stored correction information.

24. The circuit of claim 23 wherein the computation engine generates modified correction information if the quality factor of the reference signal exceeds a threshold;

and

wherein the memory stores the modified correction information and associated quality factor.

25. The circuit of claim 23 wherein the computation engine degrades the quality factor associated with the stored correction information responsive to the length of time the information has been stored.