Oral administration of epothilones

• US 6,936,628 B2
• Filed: 04/01/2003
• Issued: 08/30/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Original Assignee: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Inventors: Lee, Francis Y. F.
• Primary Examiner(s): JONES, DWAYNE C
• Application Number:
  US10/404,324
• Publication Number:
  US 20030220378A1
• Time in Patent Office: 882 Days
• Field of Search: 514/365, 514/183, 514/366, 514/450, 548202-204
• US Class Current: 514/365
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/425 Thiazoles
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/427 not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0095 Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches A61K9/0007 takes precedence; eatable gels or foams A61K9/0056; oral mucosa adhesive forms A61K9/006
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 31/00 Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods of increasing the bioavailability of orally administered epothilones. Epothilones administered by the methods of the invention are sufficiently bioavailable to have a pharmacological effect. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions, pharmaceutical dosage forms, and kits for use in the methods of the invention.

Claims

1. A method of administering a compound comprising:

orally administering to a human one or more compounds of Formula I;

 

wherein;

P-Q is a C, C double bond or an epoxide;

G is

R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of

R² is

G¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, alkyl and substituted alkyl;

G² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G³ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NZ¹;

G⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ², NZ²Z³, Z²C═

O, Z⁴SO₂, and optionally substituted glycosyl;

G⁵ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, N₃, NCS, SH, CN, NC, N(Z¹)₃⁺, and heteroaryl;

G⁶ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CF₃, OZ⁵, SZ⁵, and NZ⁵Z⁶;

G⁷ is CZ⁷ or N;

G⁸ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ¹⁰, SZ¹⁰, NZ¹⁰Z¹¹;

G⁹ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, —

NH—

NH—

, and —

N═

N—

;

G¹⁰ is N or CZ¹²;

G¹¹ is selected from the group consisting of H₂N, substituted H₂N, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z¹, Z⁶, Z⁹, and Z¹¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl;

Z² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z³, Z⁵, Z⁸, and Z¹⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, substituted acyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z⁴ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z⁷ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OZ⁸, SZ⁸, and NZ⁸Z⁹; and

Z¹² is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

with the proviso that when R¹ is

G¹, G², G³, and G⁴ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, G³=O and G⁴=H or Z²C═

O where Z²=alkyl, and with the proviso that when R¹ is

G¹, G² or G⁵ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, and G⁵=F;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate or prodrug thereof; and

orally administering one or more pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffers in an amount sufficient to reduce decomposition of said one or more compounds, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said compound is

wherein:

P-Q is a C,C double bond or an epoxide;

R is H or a methyl;

G¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, a substituted alkyl, and halogen;

G² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G³ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NZ¹;

G⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ², NZ²Z³, Z²C═

O, Z⁴SO₂, and an optionally substituted glycosyl;

Z¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl;

Z² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z³ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl; and

Z⁴ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

with the proviso that G¹, G², G³, and G⁴ cannot have simultaneously the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, G³=O, and G⁴=H or Z²C═

O with Z²=alkyl.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said compound is

wherein G¹, G², G³, G⁴, Z¹, Z², and Z³ are as defined in claim 2.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*, 10S*,11R*,12R*,16S*]]-3-[2-[2(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo 14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered concurrently with said compound.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered before said compound.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered not more than about 1 hour before said compound.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered after said compound.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered nor more than about 1 hour after said compound.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered before and after said compound.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered not more than about 1 hour before and not more than about 1 hour after said compound is administered.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered in an amount sufficient to deliver at least about 20 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered in an amount sufficient to deliver at least about 30 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

14. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered in an amount sufficient to deliver at least about 40 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered as an aqueous solution having a pH of between about 5 to 9.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered as an aqueous solution having a pH of between about 6 to 8.5.

17. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered as an aqueous solution having a pH of between about 7 to 8.

18. The method of claim 1 wherein said compound is administered every 3 days to 7 days, followed by a period of 1 week to 3 weeks where there is no treatment.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein said compound is administered every 3 days, followed by a period of 1 week where there is no treatment.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein said compound is administered every 5 days, followed by a period of 1 week where there is no treatment.

21. The method of claim 18 wherein said compound is administered every 7 days, followed by a period of 1 week where there is no treatment.

22. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is administered as an aqueous solution comprising anhydrous dibasic sodium phosphate, sodium citrate dihydrate, and anhydrous citric acid.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the pH of said aqueous solution is about 7.

24. The method of claim 1 wherein the bioavailability of said one or more compounds or sida pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is at least about 20 percent.

25. The method of claim 1 wherein the bioavailability of said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is at least about 30 percent.

26. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is orally administered as a solution in propylene glycol and ethanol, wherein the ratio of propylene glycol:

ethanol is about 80;

20.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*, 10S *,11R*,12R*,16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.

28. The method of claim 1 wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is administered in a total amount of about 0.05 to about 200 mg/kg/day.

29. The method of claim 28 wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is administered in about 2 to 4 divided doses.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*, 10S*,11R*,12R*,16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.

31. The method of claim 1 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and salts thereof.

32. The method of claim 1 comprising:

(a) orally administering an aqueous solution of said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer;

(b) orally administering said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof as a solution in propylene glycol; and

(c) orally administering said aqueous solution of said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer;

wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer comprises anhydrous dibasic sodium phosphate, sodium citrate dihydrate, and anhydrous citric acid.

33. A kit for use in a method of administering compounds which comprises:

(i) a first component comprising one or more compounds of Formula I;

 

wherein;

P-Q is a C, C double bond or an epoxide;

G is

R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of

R² is

G¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G³ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NZ¹;

G⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ², NZ²Z³, Z²C═

O, Z⁴SO₂, and optionally substituted glycosyl;

G⁵ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, N₃, NCS, SH, CN, NC, N(Z¹)₃⁺, and heteroaryl;

G⁶ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CF₃, OZ⁵, SZ⁵, and NZ⁵Z⁶;

G⁷ is CZ⁷ or N;

G⁸ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ¹⁰, SZ¹⁰, and NZ¹⁰Z¹¹;

G⁹ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, —

NH—

NH—

, and —

N═

N—

;

G¹⁰ is N or CZ¹²;

G¹¹ is selected from the group consisting of H₂N, substituted H₂N, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z¹, Z⁶, Z⁹, and Z¹¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl;

Z² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z³, Z⁵, Z⁸, and Z¹⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, substituted acyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z⁴ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z⁷ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OZ⁸, SZ⁸, and NZ⁸Z⁹; and

Z¹² is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

with the proviso that when R¹ is

G¹, G², G³, and G⁴ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, G³=O, and G⁴=H or Z²C=O where Z²=alkyl, and with the proviso that when R¹ is

 

G¹, G² or G⁵ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, and G⁵=F;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof; and

(ii) a second component comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer,

wherein said first component and said second component are provided as an oral dosage form or as a pharmaceutical composition that can be reconstituted with a solvent to provide a liquid oral dosage.

34. The kit of claim 33 wherein at least one of said first component or said second component is anhydrous.

35. The kit of claim 33 wherein at least one of said first component or said second component is provided as said pharmaceutical composition that can be reconstituted with a solvent to provide a liquid oral dosage form.

36. The kit of claim 35 wherein at least one of said first component or said second component is provided as a tablet.

37. The kit of claim 35 wherein at least one of said first component or said second component is anhydrous.

38. The kit of claim 35 further comprising solvents for reconstituting said first or second components.

39. The kit of claim 38 wherein said solvent for reconstituting said first component is a mixture of propylene glycol and ethanol.

40. The kit of claim 33 wherein said first component and said second component are provided as a liquid oral dosage form.

41. The kit of claim 40 wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is present in an amount of between about 0.05 and about 200 mg;

and said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 20 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

42. The kit of claim 33 wherein said first component and said second component are provided as a pharmaceutical composition that can be reconstituted with a solvent to provide said liquid oral dosage form;

wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is present in an amount of between about 0.05 and about 200 mg; and

said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 20 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

43. The kit of claim 33 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*, 10S*,11R*,12R*,16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione and said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer comprises dibasic sodium phosphate, sodium citrate, and anhydrous citric acid.

44. A pharmaceutical composition suitable for oral administration to a mammal comprising:

(i) one or more compounds of Formula I;

 

wherein;

P-Q is a C, C double bond or an epoxide;

G is

R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of

R² is

G¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G³ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NZ¹;

G⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ², NZ²Z³, Z²C═

O, Z⁴SO₂, and optionally substituted glycosyl;

G⁵ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, N₃, NCS, SH, CN, NC, N(Z¹)₃⁺, and heteroaryl;

G⁶ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CF₃, OZ⁵, SZ⁵, and NZ⁵Z⁶;

G⁷ is CZ⁷ or N;

G⁸ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ¹⁰, SZ¹⁰, and NZ¹⁰Z¹¹;

G⁹ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, —

NH—

NH—

, and —

N═

N—

;

G¹⁰ is N or CZ¹²;

G¹¹ is selected from the group consisting of H₂N, substituted H₂N, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z¹, Z⁶, Z⁹, and Z¹¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl;

Z² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z³, Z⁵, Z⁸, and Z¹⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, substituted acyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z⁴ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z⁷ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OZ⁸, SZ⁸, and NZ⁸Z⁹; and

Z¹² is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

with the proviso that when R¹ is

G¹, G², G³, and G⁴ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, G³=O, and G⁴=H or Z²C═

O where Z²=alkyl, and with the proviso that when R¹ is

 

G¹, G², or G⁵ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, and G⁵=F;

 

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof, in solid form; and

(ii) a solid pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer in an amount sufficient to reduce decomposition of said one or more compounds, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof when said pharmaceutical composition is reconstituted with a solvent to provide a liquid oral dosage form.

45. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 44 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer provides said liquid oral dosage form having a pH between about 5 to 9.

46. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 44 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 20 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

47. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 44 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is a dibasic phosphate-citric acid-citrate buffer.

48. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 44 wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is present in an amount of between about 0.05 and about 200 mg.

49. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 44 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*,10S*,11R*,12R,16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.

50. A kit comprising said pharmaceutical composition of claim 44 and a solvent for reconstituting said pharmaceutical composition to provide an oral dosage form.

51. The kit of claim 50 wherein said solvent comprises propylene glycol, ethanol, and phosphate buffer (1M, pH 8).

52. The kit of claim 51 wherein said ratio of propylene glycol:

ethanol;

phosphate buffer is about 58;

12;

30.

53. A liquid oral dosage form suitable for oral administration to a mammal comprising:

(i) one or more compounds of Formula I;

 

wherein;

P-Q is a C, C double bond or an epoxide;

G is

R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of

R² is

G¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G³ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NZ¹;

G⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ², NZ²Z³, Z²C═

O, Z⁴SO₂, and optionally substituted glycosyl;

G⁵ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, N₃, NCS, SH, CN, NC, N(Z¹)₃⁺, and heteroaryl;

G⁶ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CF₃, OZ⁵, SZ⁵, and NZ⁵Z⁶;

G⁷ is CZ⁷ or N;

G⁸ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ¹⁰, SZ¹⁰, and NZ¹⁰Z¹¹;

G⁹ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, —

NH—

NH—

, and —

N═

N—

;

G¹⁰ is N or CZ¹²;

G¹¹ is selected from the group consisting of H₂N, substituted H₂N, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z¹, Z⁶, Z⁹, and Z¹¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl;

Z² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z³, Z⁵, Z⁸, and Z¹⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, substituted acyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z⁴ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z⁷ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OZ⁸, SZ⁸, and NZ⁸Z⁹; and

Z¹² is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

with the proviso that when R¹ is

G¹, G², G³, and G⁴ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, G³=O, and G⁴=H or Z²C═

O where Z²=alkyl, and with the proviso that when R¹ is

 

G¹, G² or G⁵ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, and G⁵=F;

 

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof;

(ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier; and

(iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer in an amount sufficient to reduce decomposition of said one or more compounds, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof compared to a pharmaceutical composition without said buffer.

54. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 53 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*,10S*,11R*,12R*,16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.

55. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 53 wherein the pH of said liquid oral dosage form is between about 5 to 9.

56. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 53 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is present in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 20 milliequivalents of acid neutralization capacity.

57. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 53 wherein said pharmaceutically acceptable acid neutralizing buffer is dibasic phosphate-citric acid-citrate buffer.

58. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 53 wherein said solvent is propylene glycol, ethanol, and water buffered with a phosphate buffer at pH about 8.

59. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 58 wherein said propylene glycol, ethanol, and water buffered with a phosphate buffer are present in a ratio of about 58:

12;

30.

60. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 58 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*,10S *,11R*, 12R*, 16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.

61. The liquid oral dosage form of claim 53 wherein said one or more compounds or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof is present in an amount of between about 0.05 and about 200 mg.

62. A dispersible buffered tablet which comprises:

(i) one or more compounds of Formula I;

 

wherein;

P-Q is a C, C double bond or an epoxide;

G is

R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of

R² is

G¹ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, CN, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, and substituted alkyl;

G³ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and NZ¹;

G⁴ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ², NZ²Z³, Z²C═

O, Z⁴SO₂, and optionally substituted glycosyl;

G⁵ is selected from the group consisting of halogen, N₃, NCS, SH, CN, NC, N(Z¹)₃⁺, and heteroaryl;

G⁶ is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, CF₃, OZ⁵, SZ⁵, and NZ⁵Z⁶;

G⁷ is CZ⁷ or N;

G⁸ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, OZ¹⁰, SZ¹⁰, and NZ¹⁰Z¹¹;

G⁹ is selected from the group consisting of O, S, —

NH—

NH—

, and —

N═

N—

;

G¹⁰ is N or CZ¹²;

G¹¹ is selected from the group consisting of H₂N, substituted H₂N, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z¹, Z⁶, Z⁹, and Z¹¹ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, and substituted acyl;

Z² is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z³, Z⁵, Z⁸, and Z¹⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, substituted acyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

Z⁴ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, and heterocycle;

Z⁷ is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, OZ⁸, SZ⁸, and NZ⁸Z⁹; and

Z¹² is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, and substituted aryl;

with the proviso that when R¹ is

G¹, G², G³, and G⁴ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, G³=O, and G⁴=H or Z²C═

O where Z²=alkyl, and with the proviso that when R¹ is

 

G¹, G², or G⁵ cannot simultaneously have the following meanings;

G¹ and G²=H, and G⁵=F;

 

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof; and

(ii) one or more buffer components in an amount sufficient to reduce decomposition of the one or more compounds, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

63. The dispersible buffered tablet of claim 62 wherein said compound is

wherein G¹, G², G³, G⁴, Z¹, Z², and Z³ are as defined in claim 62.

64. The dispersible buffered tablet of claim 63 wherein said compound is [1S-[1R*,3R*(E),7R*, 10S*,11R*,12R*,16S*]]-3-[2-[2-(aminomethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylethenyl]-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione.