Turbo generator plant with a high voltage electric generator

• US 6,936,947 B1
• Filed: 05/27/1997
• Issued: 08/30/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/29/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ABB AB (ABB Limited)
• Original Assignee: ABB AB (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Templin, Peter, Leijon, Mats, Berggren, Bertil, Gertmar, Lars, Carstensen, Peter, Larsson, Bertil, Kylander, Gunnar, Sörensen, Erland, Ivarson, Claes, Berggren, Sören, Hölleland, Mons
• Primary Examiner(s): MULLINS, BURTON S
• Application Number:
  US08/952,996
• Time in Patent Office: 3,017 Days
• Field of Search: 310179-180, 310/184, 310195-196, 310198-208, 310/213, 290/1.R, 290/4.R, 290 4 A- 4 D, 290/5, 290/52, 174DIG 13- 33
• US Class Current: 310/196
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 2027/2833 using coaxial cable as wire
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 2027/329 Insulation with semiconducting layer, e.g. to reduce corona effect
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 2029/143 with control winding for generating magnetic bias
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/288 Shielding
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/323 Insulation between winding turns, between winding layers
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/34 Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 29/14 with variable magnetic bias amplitude modulation by means of variable impedance element H03C1/08 ; magnetic amplifiers H03F; circuits for automatic telephonic communication H04M3/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 3/10 Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 3/14 Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps in magnetic shunt paths H01F3/12
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/025 Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 1/165 Shape, form or location of the slots
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 11/05 Rectifiers associated with casings, enclosures or brackets
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 15/00 Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 15/12 Impregnating, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 2203/15 Machines characterised by cable windings, e.g. high-voltage cables, ribbon cables
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/14 with transposed conductors, e.g. twisted conductors
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/28 Layout of windings or of connections between windings windings for pole-changing H02K17/06, H02K17/14, H02K19/12, H02K19/32
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/40 for high voltage, e.g. affording protection against corona discharges
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 3/48 in slots
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/13 High voltage cable, e.g. above 10kv, corona prevention
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/14 : having a particular cable application, e.g. winding
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/15 : in a power generation system, e.g. prime-mover dynamo, generator system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/17 : in an electric power conversion, regulation, or protection system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/19 : in a dynamo-electric machine
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/20 : Stator
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/22 : Winding per se
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/24 : in an inductive device, e.g. reactor, electromagnet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/25 : Transformer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/26 : having a plural-layer insulation system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/28 : Plural semiconductive layers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/29 : having a semiconductive layer

Abstract

In a plant containing a turbo-generator the magnetic circuit of the turbo-generator is included in an electric generator which directly supplies a high supply voltage of 20-800 kV, preferably higher than 36 kV. The insulation of the generator is built up of a cable (6) comprising one or more current-carrying conductors (31) with a number of strands (36) surrounded by outer and inner semiconducting layers (34, 32) and intermediate insulating layers (33). The outer semiconducting layer (34) is at earth potential. The phases of the winding are Y-connected. The Y-point may be insulated and protected from over-voltage by means of surge arresters, or else the Y-point may be earthed via a suppression filter.

Claims

1. A plant for generating active and reactive electric power for a high-voltage distribution or transmission network, comprising at least one of a gas and steam turbine coupled via a shaft means to at least one electric generator for generating a high voltage, said electric generator including at least one flexible winding comprising a conductor formed of a plurality of insulated strands and a lesser plurality of uninsulated strands, an insulation system including an inner semiconducting layer surrounding the conductor, a solid insulation surrounding the inner semiconducting layer and an outer semiconducting layer surrounding the solid insulation layer, said inner layer and said outer layer each forming an equipotential surface.

2. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the generator comprises a magnetic circuit with a magnetic core.

3. The plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flux paths in the core of the magnetic circuit comprise at least one of laminated sheet and cast iron and power-based iron and forged iron.

4. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the winding comprises a high voltage cable including one or more of said current-carrying conductors surrounded by the solid insulation.

5. The plant as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner semiconducting layer is in electrical contact with a selected plurality of the conductors and is at substantially the same potential as said selected plurality of conductors.

6. The plant as claimed in claim 4, wherein the equipotential surface formed by the outer semiconducting layer surrounds the conductor and solid insulation.

7. The plant as claimed in claim 6, wherein said outer semiconducting layer is connected to a selected potential.

8. The plant as claimed in claim 7, wherein the selected potential is earth potential.

9. The plant as claimed in claim 4, wherein at least one of said inner and outer semiconducting layers form a monolithic structure with the solid insulation having substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion.

10. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one electric generator is arranged to supply the out-going electric network directly without any intermediate connection of a step-up transformer.

11. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one generator is arranged to supply an out-going network comprising at least 2 part-networks, at least one part-network being supplied via an intermediate system transformer.

12. The plant as claimed in claim 1, comprising several generators, each of which lacks an individual step-up transformer but which, via a system transformer common to the generators, is connected to the transmission or distribution network.

13. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the windings of the stator in at least one generator are arranged for connection to more than one voltage level.

14. The plant as claimed in claim 1, including a separate winding in the generator for generating auxiliary power.

15. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one generator is earthed via an impedance.

16. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one generator is directly earthed.

17. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator of the generator is cooled at earth potential by means of a flow of gas and/or liquids.

18. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one winding comprises a flexible for high voltage having a conductor area of between about 50 and 3000 mm2 and having an outer diameter of between about 20 and 250 mm.

19. The plant as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least one winding comprises a fractional slot winding.

20. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotor of at least one generator comprises at least one of 2 and 4 poles.

21. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage level is controllable +−

20% of the rated voltage.

22. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the winding of the generator is arranged for self-regulating field control free of auxiliary means for control of the field.

23. The plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator of at least one generator is composed of axially combined, plate-shaped sections, preferably as whole sections in the peripheral direction.

24. A plant for generating active and reactive electric power for a high-voltage distribution or transmission network, including at least one electric generator which is coupled to at least one of a gas or-a steam turbine via a shaft means said at least one electric generator including at least one flexible winding, wherein at least one winding comprises conductor formed of a plurality of conductive insulated strands, and a lesser plurality of uninsulated strands and an insulation system including an inner layer having semiconducting properties surrounding and being in contact with the conductor, a solid insulation surrounding the inner layer and an outer layer having semiconducting properties surrounding the solid insulation, said winding being-operable in excess of 36 kV.

25. An electric generator arranged to be coupled to at least one of a gas and a steam turbine via a shaft means and comprising at least one flexible winding, wherein the winding comprises a conductor formed of a plurality of conductive insulated strands and a lesser plurality of uninsulated strands, a solid insulation system surrounding the conductor including an inner layer having semiconducting properties surrounding the conductor, a solid insulation surrounding the inner layer and an outer layer having semiconducting properties surrounding the solid insulation each of said inner and outer layers forming an equipotential surface, and wherein at least one of the inner and outer layers forms a monolithic structure with the solid insulation having substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion.

26. A procedure for manufacturing an electric generator as claimed in claim 25, wherein the stator is wound in-situ where the generator is to be used.

27. The procedure as claimed in claim 26, wherein the stator is manufactured at the factory axially divided into a plurality of plate-shaped, separate sections, each section preferably being manufactured as a whole section in the peripheral direction.

28. A plant for generating active and reactive power of high-voltage distribution including at least one rotating high voltage electric machine comprising a stator;

a rotor and a winding, wherein said winding comprises a flexible cable including at least one current-carrying conductor including a plurality of insulated strands and at least one uninsulated strand and an insulation system surrounding the conductor, said insulation system comprising an inner layer having semiconducting properties surrounding and being in contact with the uninsulated conductor, a solid insulation surrounding the inner layer and an outer layer having semiconducting properties surrounding the solid insulation, said cable forming at least one uninterrupted turn in the corresponding winding of said machine.

29. The plant of claim 28, wherein the cover comprises an insulating layer surrounding the conductor and an outer layer surrounding the insulating layer, said outer layer having a conductivity for establishing an equipotential surface around the conductor.

30. The plant of claim 28, wherein the cover comprises an inner layer surrounding the conductor and being in electrical contact therewith;

an insulating layer surrounding the inner layer and an outer layer surrounding the insulating layer.

31. The plant of claim 30, wherein the inner and outer layer have semiconducting properties.

32. The plant of claim 28, wherein the cover is formed of a plurality of layers including an insulating layer and wherein said plurality of layers form a monolithic structure being substantially void free.

33. The plant of claim 28, wherein the cover is in electric contact with the uninsulated strands of the conductor.

34. The plant of claim of 28, wherein the layers of the cover form a monolithic structure having substantially the same temperature coefficient of expansion.

35. The plant of claim 28, wherein the layers of the cover form a monolithic structure having substantially the same temperature coefficient of expansion such that the machine is operable at 100% overload for two hours.

36. The plant of claim 28, wherein the cover is operable to render the cable free of sensible end winding loss.

37. The plant of claim 28, wherein the cover is operable to render the cable free of partial discharge and field control.

38. The plant of claim 28, wherein the winding comprises multiple uninterrupted turns.