Ischemia detection

• US 6,937,899 B2
• Filed: 08/30/2001
• Issued: 08/30/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Sheldon, Todd J., Stadler, Robert W., Stylos, Lee, Nelson, Shannon D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Getzow, Scott M.
• Application Number:
  US09/945,179
• Publication Number:
  US 20030045805A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,461 Days
• Field of Search: 607 4- 25, 600/509, 600/510, 600/516, 600/517, 600/513
• US Class Current: 607/18
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/028 Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/222 Electrical cables or leads therefor, e.g. coaxial cables or ribbon cables
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1107 Measuring contraction of parts of the body, e.g. organ, muscle apparatus for measuring work or force in general G01L
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/341 Vectorcardiography [VCG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/349 Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/358 Detecting ST segments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6869 Heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36542 controlled by body motion, e.g. acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/368 comprising more than one electrode co-operating with different heart regions A61N1/3622, A61N1/3627 take precedence

Abstract

Techniques for detection and treatment of myocardial ischemia are described that monitor both the electrical and dynamic mechanical activity of the heart to detect and verify the occurrence of myocardial ischemia in a more reliable manner. The occurrence of myocardial ischemia can be detected by monitoring changes in an electrical signal such as an ECG or EGM, and changes in dynamic mechanical activity of the heart. Dynamic mechanical activity can be represented, for example, by a heart acceleration signal or pressure signal. The electrical signal can be obtained from a set of implanted or external electrodes. The heart acceleration signal can be obtained from an accelerometer or pressure sensor deployed within or near the heart. The techniques correlate contractility changes detected by an accelerometer or pressure sensor with changes in the ST electrogram segment detected by the electrodes to increase the reliability of ischemia detection.

Claims

1. A method for detecting myocardial ischemia, the method comprising:

obtaining a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

obtaining a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

detecting myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, and in the event a myocardial ischemia condition is detected, notifying the patient.

2. A method for detecting myocardial ischemia, the method comprising:

obtaining a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

obtaining a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

detecting myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, further comprising determining a location of ischemia tissue based on the first signal and the second signal.

3. A method for detecting myocardial ischemia, the method comprising:

obtaining a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

obtaining a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

detecting myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, wherein the first signal includes a plurality of first signals, each of the first signals indicating dynamic mechanical activity of the heart along one of a plurality of axes, the method further comprising determining a location of ischemic tissue based on the plurality of first signals.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the second signal includes a plurality of second signals, each of the second signals indicating electrical activity of the heart along one of a plurality of axes, the method further comprising determining a location of ischemic tissue based on the plurality of first signals and the plurality of second signals.

5. A system for detecting myocardial ischemia, the system comprising:

a first sensor that generates a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

a second sensor that obtains a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

a processor that detects myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, wherein the processor, when myocardial ischemia is detected, notifies the patient.

6. A system for detecting myocardial ischemia, the system comprising:

a first sensor that generates a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

a second sensor that obtains a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

a processor that detects myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, wherein the processor quantifies a degree of ischemia based on the first signal and the second signal.

7. A system for detecting myocardial ischemia, the system comprising:

a first sensor that generates a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

a second sensor that obtains a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

a processor that detects myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, wherein the processor determines a location of ischemic tissue based on the first signal and the second signal.

8. A system for detecting myocardial ischemia, the system comprising:

a first sensor that generates a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

a second sensor that obtains a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

a processor that detects myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, wherein the first signal includes a plurality of first signals, each of the first signals indicating dynamic mechanical activity of the heart along one of a plurality of axes, and the processor determines a location of ischemia tissue based on the plurality of first signals.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the second signal includes a plurality of second signals, each of the second signals indicating electrical activity of the heart along one of a plurality of axes, and the processor determines a location of ischemic tissue based on the plurality of first signals and the plurality of second signals.

10. A system for detecting myocardial ischemia, the system comprising:

a first sensor that generates a first signal indicative of dynamic mechanical activity of a heart;

a second sensor that obtains a second signal indicative of electrical activity of the heart; and

a processor that detects myocardial ischemia based on both the first signal and the second signal, wherein the first sensor includes a multi-axis accelerometer and the first signal includes a plurality of heart acceleration signals, each of the heart acceleration signals indicating contractile acceleration along one of a plurality of axes, the processor determining a location of ischemic tissue based on the heart acceleration signals.