Heat exchanger

• US 6,942,023 B2
• Filed: 04/27/2004
• Issued: 09/13/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/07/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Valeo Incorporated (Valeo SE)
• Original Assignee: Valeo Incorporated (Valeo SE)
• Inventors: Hu, Zaiqian, Fang, Lei, Domen, Daniel R., Lorentz, Jay, Bonnet, Pascal, McKittrick, Jason W., Baylor, David W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mckinnon, Terrell
• Application Number:
  US10/832,886
• Publication Number:
  US 20040200604A1
• Time in Patent Office: 504 Days
• Field of Search: 165/148, 165/140, 165/174, 165/175, 165/176, 165/297, 165/173
• US Class Current: 165/140
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 1/0443 Combination of units extending one beside or one above the other F28D1/0452 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 1/05375 with particular pattern of flow, e.g. change of flow direction F28D1/05391 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 1/05391 with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 1/022 with multiple channels
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 1/045 with assemblies of stacked elements
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 13/12 by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation F28F13/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2009/0287 having passages for different heat exchange media
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2250/06 Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 27/02 for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels static flow control means in header boxes F28F9/026; arrangements of guide plates or guide vanes F28F9/22, F28F25/12

Abstract

An improved heat exchanger for an automotive vehicle, comprising at least one end tank; and at least two heat exchangers including a plurality of spaced apart extruded metal tubes with fins between the spaced tubes. The heat exchangers are disposed so that their respective tubes and fins are generally co-planar with each other and are connected to the end tank. In preferred embodiments, the heat exchanger may include a bypass element.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger comprising:

a first end tank;

a second end tank opposite the first end tank;

a plurality of first tubes in fluid communication with the first and second end tanks, the plurality of first tubes adapted to have a first fluid flow there-through;

a plurality of second tubes in fluid communication with the first and second end tanks, the plurality of second tubes adapted to have a second fluid flow there-through;

a plurality of fins disposed between the first and second tubes, with the first and second tubes and the fins being generally co-planar relative to each other;

a first end tube defining a first end of the heat exchanger; and

a second end tube defining a second end of the heat exchanger;

wherein the first end tube or the second end tube is respectively restricted from fluid communication with the first fluid or the second fluid and wherein the heat exchanger includes no more than one end plate.

2. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 wherein the first end tube and the second end tube are substantially identical to each other.

3. A heat exchanger as in claim 2 wherein the first end tube and the second end tube are substantially identical to at least one of the plurality of first tubes.

4. A heat exchanger as in claim 3 wherein the second tubes are larger than the first tubes.

5. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 wherein the first end tube and the second end tube are different than each other.

6. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 wherein the first and second end tubes are formed of extruded metal.

7. A heat exchanger as in claim 6 wherein the extruded metal includes aluminum.

8. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 wherein a component selected from a first tube, a second tube or an end tank is formed of a first material having a first melting point and cladding having a second melting point lower than the melting point of the first material.

9. A heat exchanger as in claim 8 wherein the first material is a higher melting point aluminum alloy and the material of the cladding is a lower melting point aluminum alloy.

10. A heat exchanger as in claim 9 further comprising a bleed hole selectively in fluid communication with at least one of the first fluid or the second fluid.

11. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 wherein at least one of the first tubes or at least one of the second tubes includes an internal surface that is corrugated to include several patterned ridges.

12. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 further comprising a bypass element.

13. A heat exchanger as in claim 12 wherein the bypass element is active and includes an actuator.

14. A heat exchanger as in claim 1 wherein the first end tube and the second end tube are respectively restricted from fluid communication with the first fluid and the second fluid.

15. A heat exchanger for an automotive vehicle, comprising:

at least one end tank;

at least two heat exchangers including a plurality of spaced apart metal tubes with fins between the spaced tubes;

the heat exchangers being disposed so that their respective tubes and fins are generally co-planar with each other and are connected to the end tank;

the heat exchangers being selected from the group consisting of an oil heat exchanger, a condenser or combinations thereof;

wherein the plurality of spaced apart metal tubes have a length and a hydraulic diameter and wherein a ratio of the length to the hydraulic diameter is between about 80 and about 1820 and wherein the heat exchanger includes no more than one end plate.

16. A heat exchanger as in claim 15 wherein the plurality of spaced apart metal tube are formed of extruded aluminum.

17. A heat exchanger as in claim 15 wherein one of the at least two heat exchangers is an oil cooler and another of the at least two heat exchangers is a condenser and the ratio of the oil cooler internal to external surface area is larger than the ratio of the condenser internal to external surface area.

18. A heat exchanger as in claim 15 wherein the length is between about 200 mm to about 1000 mm and the hydraulic diameter is between about 0.55 to about 2.50 mm.

19. A heat exchanger as in claim 15 wherein a component selected from at least one of the tubes or the at least one end tank is formed of a first material having a first melting point and a cladding having a second melting point lower than the melting point of the first material.

20. A heat exchanger as in claim 19 wherein the first material is a higher melting point aluminum alloy and the material of the cladding is a lower melting point aluminum alloy.

21. A heat exchanger as in claim 20 further comprising a bleed hole selectively in fluid communication with at least one of the first fluid or the second fluid.

22. A heat exchanger as in claim 15 wherein at least one of the tubes includes an internal surface is corrugated to include several patterned ridges.

23. A heat exchanger as in claim 15 further comprising a bypass element.

24. A heat exchanger as in claim 23 wherein the bypass element is active and includes an actuator.

25. A heat exchanger for an automotive vehicle, comprising:

a first heat exchanger having a plurality of first tubes adapted for fluid flow therethrough in a first flow circuit;

a second heat exchanger in generally co-planar relationship with the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger having a plurality of second tubes adapted for fluid flow therethrough in a second flow circuit;

at least one end tank divided into an inlet portion and an outlet portion for the first heat exchanger, and being connected in fluid communication to both the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger wherein at least one of the plurality of first tubes is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and at least one other of the plurality of first tubes is in fluid communication with the outlet portion;

an inlet in fluid communication with the inlet portion of the first end tank; and

an outlet in fluid communication with the outlet portion of the first end tank;

wherein one of the first heat exchanger or the second heat exchanger is an oil cooler and the other of the first heat exchanger or the second heat exchanger is a condenser and the ratio of the oil cooler internal to external surface area is larger than the ratio of the condenser internal to external surface area; and

wherein the plurality of tubes of the oil cooler have a length and a hydraulic diameter such that a ratio of the length to the hydraulic diameter is between about 300 and about 700.

26. A heat exchanger as in claim 25 further comprising:

a bypass element located on the exterior of the end tank and being adapted for providing a passageway at a location within the first flow circuit adapted for, at relatively low operating temperatures, intercepting a fluid in the first flow circuit to divert the fluid so that it avoids passing through the entire first flow circuit.

27. A heat exchanger as in claim 25 wherein the inlet and the outlet are formed in an aluminum block on the exterior of the end tank.

28. A heat exchanger as in claim 26 wherein the inlet, the outlet and the bypass element are formed in an aluminum block on the exterior of the end tank.

29. A heat exchanger as in claim 26 wherein the fluid flows through the inlet in a first direction and the passageway of the bypass element extends at least partially in a second direction opposite the first direction.

30. A heat exchanger as in claim 26 further wherein, a protrusion is provided adjacent the passageway for inducing a pressure gradient at a juncture of the inlet and the passageway.

31. A heat exchanger as in claim 25 further comprising an active bypass element that includes a passageway extending from the inlet to the outlet.

32. A heat exchanger as in claim 31 wherein the active bypass element includes an actuator.

33. A heat exchanger as in claim 32 wherein the actuator urges a member to selectively block the passageway.

34. A heat exchanger as in claim 33 wherein the actuator applies a force to the member for prohibiting the fluid from flowing through the bypass element and wherein said force can be overcome by a pressure gradient that can be induced across the bypass when the fluid is relatively cool.

35. A heat exchanger as in claim 31 wherein the inlet, the outlet and the passageway are defined by a single member and the passageway provides fluid communication between the inlet and the outlet.

36. A heat exchanger as in claim 35 wherein the single member is an aluminum block on the exterior of the end tank.

37. A heat exchanger as in claim 36 wherein the actuator is a spring.

38. A heat exchanger as in claim 31 wherein the first heat exchanger includes a small bleed hole.

39. A heat exchanger comprising:

a first end tank;

a second end tank opposite the first end tank;

a plurality of first tubes in fluid communication with the first and second end tanks, the plurality of first tubes adapted to have a first fluid flow there-through;

a plurality of second tubes adapted to have a second fluid flow there-through;

a plurality of fins disposed between the first and second tubes, with the first and second tubes and the fins being generally co-planar relative to each other;

a first end tube defining a first end of the heat exchanger;

a second end tube defining a second end of the heat exchanger; and

a bleed hole selectively in fluid communication with at least one of the first fluid or the second fluid

wherein the first end tube or the second end tube is respectively restricted from fluid communication with the first fluid or the second fluid;

wherein a component selected from a first tube, a second tube or an end tank is formed of a first material having a first melting point and cladding having a second melting point lower than the melting point of the first material and wherein the first material is a higher melting point aluminum alloy and the material of the cladding is a lower melting point aluminum alloy.

40. A heat exchanger as in claim 39 wherein the first end tube and the second end tube are substantially identical to at least one of the plurality of first tubes or at least one of the plurality of second tubes wherein at least one of the first end tube or the second end tube is restricted from fluid communication with the first fluid and the second fluid.

41. A heat exchanger as in claim 39 wherein the heat exchanger includes no more than one end plate.

42. A heat exchanger as in claim 39 wherein at least one of the first tubes or at least one of the second tubes includes an internal surface that is corrugated to include several patterned ridges.

43. A heat exchanger for an automotive vehicle, comprising:

at least one end tank;

at least two heat exchangers including a plurality of spaced apart metal tubes with fins between the spaced tubes, a first of the two heat exchangers adapted to have a first fluid flow therethrough and a second of the two heat exchangers adapted to have second fluid flow therethrough; and

a bleed hole selectively in fluid communication with at least one of the first fluid or the second fluid

the heat exchangers being disposed so that their respective tubes and fins are generally co-planar with each other and so that the tubes are connected to the end tank;

the heat exchangers being selected from the group consisting of an oil heat exchanger, a condenser or combinations thereof;

wherein the plurality of spaced apart metal tubes have a length and a hydraulic diameter and wherein a ratio of the length to the hydraulic diameter is between about 80 and about 1820; and

wherein the component selected from at least one of the tubes or the at least one end tank is formed of a first material having a first melting point and a cladding having a second melting point lower than the melting point of the first material and wherein the first material is a higher melting point aluminum alloy and the material of the cladding is a lower melting point aluminum alloy.

44. A heat exchanger as in claim 43 wherein the heat exchanger includes no more than one end plate.

45. A heat exchanger as in claim 43 wherein at least one of the tubes includes an internal surface is corrugated to include several patterned ridges.