Electrosurgical generator and method with multiple semi-autonomously executable functions
First Claim
1. An electrosurgical generator which creates and delivers a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform, the electrosurgical generator having a controller which executes instructional code of a plurality of interactive routines to cooperatively create drive pulses in response to a selected one of a plurality of selectable modes of operation and a selected one of a plurality of selectable output power levels within the selected mode of operation and an actual power output level of the output waveform, the controller applying the drive pulses to an output circuit which converts energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform, the drive pulses applied to the output circuit establishing mode characteristics and the actual power output level of the output waveform, the output waveform having an analog output voltage and an analog output current, and wherein the routines and operations executed by the controller comprise:
- a sampling routine which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current of the output waveform at the time when each sample value is obtained, the sampling routine obtaining the plurality of sample values during each of a plurality of sequential sampling intervals;
a pulse control routine which establishes a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses during each sampling interval, the pulse control routine establishing the pulse-defining value during each sampling interval by use of the selected output power level and the sample values obtained over a preceding sampling interval which preceded a present sampling interval in which the sampling routine presently obtains the sample values;
a pattern generation routine which generates a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of drive pulses, the pattern generation routine generating the mode cycle pattern during the present sampling interval in accordance with the selected mode of operation and the pulse-defining value established by the pulse control routine during the present sampling interval; and
a pattern delivery routine which creates the drive pulses by sequentially delivering to the output circuit multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Semi-autonomously executed routines accomplish the primary functions of electrosurgical energy delivery on a responsive basis for power control purposes and to adapt the delivered output waveform to perform new and better surgical procedures. The routines include and output voltage and output current sampling routine, a control routine for establishing the width of drive pulses used to create the output waveform, a pattern generation routine for establishing the pattern of drive pulses to be delivered in one mode cycle established by a selected mode of operation, a pattern delivery routine for repeatedly delivering sequences of the mode cycle pattern of drive pulses, and a power supply control routine for varying the voltage of the drive pulses in coordination with varying the width of the drive pulses.
410 Citations
73 Claims
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1. An electrosurgical generator which creates and delivers a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform, the electrosurgical generator having a controller which executes instructional code of a plurality of interactive routines to cooperatively create drive pulses in response to a selected one of a plurality of selectable modes of operation and a selected one of a plurality of selectable output power levels within the selected mode of operation and an actual power output level of the output waveform, the controller applying the drive pulses to an output circuit which converts energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform, the drive pulses applied to the output circuit establishing mode characteristics and the actual power output level of the output waveform, the output waveform having an analog output voltage and an analog output current, and wherein the routines and operations executed by the controller comprise:
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a sampling routine which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current of the output waveform at the time when each sample value is obtained, the sampling routine obtaining the plurality of sample values during each of a plurality of sequential sampling intervals;
a pulse control routine which establishes a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses during each sampling interval, the pulse control routine establishing the pulse-defining value during each sampling interval by use of the selected output power level and the sample values obtained over a preceding sampling interval which preceded a present sampling interval in which the sampling routine presently obtains the sample values;
a pattern generation routine which generates a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of drive pulses, the pattern generation routine generating the mode cycle pattern during the present sampling interval in accordance with the selected mode of operation and the pulse-defining value established by the pulse control routine during the present sampling interval; and
a pattern delivery routine which creates the drive pulses by sequentially delivering to the output circuit multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value. - View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. An electrosurgical generator which creates and delivers a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform, the electrosurgical generator having a controller which executes instructional code of a plurality of interactive routines to cooperatively create drive pulses in response to a selected one of a plurality of selectable modes of operation and a selected one of a plurality of selectable output power levels within the selected mode of operation and an actual power output level of the output waveform, the controller applying the drive pulses to an output circuit which converts energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform, the drive pulses applied to the output circuit establishing mode characteristics and the actual power output level of the output waveform, the output waveform having an analog output voltage and an analog output current, and wherein the routines and operations executed by the controller comprise:
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a sampling routine which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained, the sampling routine obtaining the plurality of sample values during a sampling interval;
a pulse control routine which establishes a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using the sample values and the selected output power level, the pulse-defining value constituting a width value for the drive pulses;
a power supply control routine which establishes a voltage level for transferring energy to the output circuit in response to the applied drive pulses;
a pattern generation routine which generates a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation; and
a pattern delivery routine which creates the drive pulses by sequentially delivering to the output circuit multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the width value established by the pulse control routine; and
wherein;
the pulse control routine dynamically adjusts the width value for the drive pulses during the delivery of the output waveform;
the power supply control routine dynamically adjusts the voltage level during the delivery of the output waveform; and
the power supply control routine dynamically adjusts the voltage level at a slower rate than the pulse control routine dynamically adjusts the width value for the drive pulses.
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4. An electrosurgical generator which regulates output power of a delivered electrosurgical output waveform, the output waveform having a primary radio frequency
and being defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current, the electrosurgical generator comprising: -
a controller which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values which correspond to one or both of an instantaneous value of the analog output voltage and an instantaneous value of the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained; and
wherein;
the controller obtains the sample values at a sampling rate which is less than a Nyquist rate for the primary radio frequency;
the controller performs a calculation using the sample values to derive a power-related quantity related to the actual output power level of the delivered output waveform; and
the controller regulates the actual output cower level of the delivered output waveform in relation to the power-related quantity. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An electrosurgical generator which creates and delivers a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform, the electrosurgical generator having a controller which executes instructional code of a plurality of interactive routines to cooperatively create drive pulses in response to a selected one of a plurality of selectable modes of operation and a selected one of a plurality of selectable output power levels within the selected mode of operation and an actual power output level of the output waveform, the controller applying the drive pulses to an output circuit which converts energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform, the drive pulses applied to the output circuit establishing mode characteristics and the actual cower output level of the output waveform, the output waveform having an analog output voltage and an analog output current, and wherein the routines and operations executed by the controller comprise:
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a sampling routine which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained, the sampling routine obtaining the plurality of sample values during each of a series of sampling intervals, the plurality of sample values obtained during each sampling interval constituting a block of sample values, the sampling routine obtaining a series of blocks of sample values during a corresponding series of the sampling intervals;
a pulse control routine which establishes a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using one block of sample values and the selected output power level, the pulse control routine establishing the pulse-defining value by use of a preceding block of sample values obtained during a preceding sampling interval which preceded a present sampling interval in which the sampling routine presently obtains a present block of sample values, the pulse control routine establishing the pulse-defining value simultaneously with the sampling routine obtaining the present block of sample values;
a pattern generation routine which generates a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation; and
a pattern delivery routine which creates the drive pulses by sequentially delivering to the output circuit multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value. - View Dependent Claims (10, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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11. An electrosurgical generator which creates and delivers a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform, the electrosurgical generator having a controller which executes instructional code of a plurality of interactive routines to cooperatively create drive pulses in response to a selected one of a plurality of selectable modes of operation and a selected one of a plurality of selectable output power levels within the selected mode of operation and an actual power output level of the output waveform, the controller applying the drive pulses to an output circuit which converts energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform, the drive pulses applied to the output circuit establishing mode characteristics and the actual power output level of the output waveform, the output waveform having an analog output voltage and an analog output current, and wherein the routines and operations executed by the controller comprise:
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a sampling routine which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained, the sampling routine obtaining the plurality of sample values during a sampling interval;
a pulse control routine which establishes a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using the sample values and the selected output power level, the pulse-defining value constituting a width value for the drive pulses;
a pattern generation routine which generates a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation and the pulse width established by the pulse control routine;
a pattern delivery routine which creates the drive pulses by sequentially delivering to the output circuit multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern; and
wherein;
the pattern generation routine changes the width value for at least one but not all of the drive pulses within the generated mode cycle pattern after the width value of those pulses has been initially established by the pulse control routine. - View Dependent Claims (12, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 40)
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13. An electrosurgical generator which creates and delivers a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform, the electrosurgical generator having a controller which executes instructional code of a plurality of interactive routines to cooperatively create drive pulses in response to a selected one of a plurality of selectable modes of operation and a selected one of a plurality of selectable output power levels within the selected mode of operation and an actual power output level of the output waveform, the controller applying the drive pulses to an output circuit which converts energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform, the drive pulses applied to the output circuit establishing mode characteristics and the actual power output level of the output waveform, the output waveform having an analog output voltage and an analog output current, and wherein the routines and operations executed by the controller comprise:
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a sampling routine which obtains a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained, the sampling routine obtaining the plurality of sample values during a sampling interval;
a pulse control routine which establishes a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using the sample values and the selected output power level;
a pattern generation routine which generates a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation; and
a pattern delivery routine which creates the drive pulses by sequentially delivering to the output circuit multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value; and
wherein;
the controller selectively dissipates energy previously transferred to the output circuit by the drive pulses after delivery of the output waveform has commenced. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 24)
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37. A method of creating and delivering a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current comprising:
- selecting a modes of operation to characterize the output waveform;
selecting an output power level for the output waveform for the selected mode of operation;
converting energy represented by drive pulses into the output waveform;
establishing mode characteristics and an actual power output level of the output waveform from the drive pulses;
obtaining a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained;
obtaining the plurality of sample values during each of a plurality of sequentially occurring sampling intervals;
establishing a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses during each sampling interval by use of the selected output power level and the sample values obtained over a preceding sampling interval which preceded a present sampling interval in which sample values are presently being obtained;
generating a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of drive pulses during the present sampling interval in accordance with the selected mode of operation and the pulse-defining value established during the present sampling interval; and
creating the drive pulses by sequentially delivering multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value. - View Dependent Claims (38, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73)
- selecting a modes of operation to characterize the output waveform;
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39. A method of creating and delivering a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current, comprising:
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selecting a mode of operation to characterize the output waveform;
selecting an output power level for the output waveform for the selected mode of operation;
converting energy represented by drive pulses into the output waveform;
establishing mode characteristics and an actual power output level of the output waveform from the drive pulses;
obtaining a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained;
obtaining the plurality of sample values during a sampling interval;
establishing a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using the selected output power level and a calculation using the sample values to derive a power-related quantity, the pulse-defining value constituting a width value for the drive pulses;
establishing a voltage level for converting the energy represented by the drive pulses into the output waveform;
generating a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation;
creating the drive pulses by sequentially delivering multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established width value;
dynamically adjusting the width value for the drive pulses during the delivery of the output waveform;
dynamically adjusting the voltage level for converting the energy represented by the drive pulses during the delivery of the output waveform; and
dynamically adjusting the voltage level at a slower rate of than the width value is dynamically adjusted. - View Dependent Claims (58, 60)
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41. A method of creating and delivering a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current, comprising:
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selecting a mode of operation to characterize the output waveform;
selecting an output power level for the output waveform for the selected mode of operation;
converting energy represented by drive pulses into the output waveform;
establishing mode characteristics and an actual power output level of the output waveform from the drive pulses;
obtaining a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained;
obtaining a plurality of sample values during each of a series of sampling intervals;
constituting a block of sample values from the plurality of sample values obtained during each sampling interval;
obtaining a series of blocks of sample values during a corresponding series of sampling intervals;
establishing a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using a block of sample values and the selected output power level;
establishing the pulse-defining value during a present sampling interval simultaneously with obtaining a present block of sample values;
using a preceding block of sample values which was obtained in a preceding sampling interval which preceded the present sampling interval to establish the pulse-defining value for the drive pulses during the present sampling interval;
generating a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation; and
creating the drive pulses by sequentially delivering multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value. - View Dependent Claims (42)
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43. A method of creating and delivering a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current, comprising:
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selecting a mode of operation to characterize the output waveform;
selecting an output power level for the output waveform for the selected mode of operation;
converting energy represented by drive pulses into the output waveform;
establishing mode characteristics and an actual power output level of the output waveform from the drive pulses;
obtaining a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current at the time when each sample value is obtained;
obtaining the plurality of sample values during a sampling interval;
establishing a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using the sample values and the selected output power level, the pulse-defining value constituting a width value for the drive pulses;
generating a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation and the established width value;
creating the drive pulses by sequentially delivering multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern; and
changing the width value for at least one but not all of a plurality of drive pulses within the generated mode cycle pattern after the width value for those drive pulses has been initially established but before creating the drive pulses using the delivered mode cycle patterns. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45)
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46. A method of regulating output power of a delivered electrosurgical output waveform, the output waveform having a primary radio frequency and being defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current, comprising:
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obtaining a plurality of time-spaced sample values which correspond to one or both of an instantaneous value of the output voltage and an instantaneous value of the output current at the time when each sample is obtained;
obtaining the sample values at a sampling rate which is less than a Nyquist rate for the primary radio frequency;
performing a calculation using the sample values to derive a power-related quantity related to an actual output power level of the delivered output waveform; and
regulating the actual output power level of the delivered output waveform in relation to the power-related quantity. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 49, 50)
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51. A method of creating and delivering a radio frequency electrosurgical output waveform defined by an analog output voltage and an analog output current, comprising:
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selecting a mode of operation to characterize the output waveform;
selecting an output power level for the output waveform for the selected mode of operation;
converting energy represented by drive pulses into the output waveform;
establishing mode characteristics and an actual power output level of the output waveform from the drive pulses;
obtaining a plurality of time-spaced sample values corresponding to the analog output voltage and the analog output current of the output waveform at the time when each sample value is obtained;
obtaining the plurality of sample values during a sampling interval;
establishing a pulse-defining value for the drive pulses by using the sample values and the selected output power level;
generating a mode cycle pattern for a plurality of the drive pulses in accordance with the selected mode of operation;
creating the drive pulses by sequentially delivering multiple ones of the generated mode cycle pattern with the drive pulses of the delivered mode cycle patterns having the established pulse-defining value; and
transferring the energy to be converted into the output waveform to an output circuit;
delivering the output waveform from the output circuit; and
selectively dissipating some of the previously transferred energy from the output circuit of before that energy is converted into the output waveform. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53)
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Specification