Multi-phase interleaving isolated DC/DC converter

• US 6,944,033 B1
• Filed: 06/10/2003
• Issued: 09/13/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 11/08/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
• Original Assignee: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
• Inventors: Xu, Ming, Lee, Fred C., Zhou, Jinghai
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Rajnikant B.
• Application Number:
  US10/457,907
• Time in Patent Office: 826 Days
• Field of Search: 363/71, 363/41, 363/132, 363/17, 363/127, 363/16
• US Class Current: 363/16
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1584 with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel

Abstract

A converter has a transformer with primary and secondary windings each having n coils in a series-series arrangement connected to primary and secondary sides. The primary side has n primary legs each having a top switch and a bottom switch and connected to the primary winding therebetween. The secondary side has n secondary legs, each secondary leg has a synchronous rectifier switch and an output filter inductor connected to the secondary winding therebetween. A complimentary control for the primary side comprising a gate driver transformer with primary winding in series with a DC blocking capacitor connected to a drain and a source of the top switch of each primary leg, and a gate drive transformer, for each primary leg, with secondary winding containing a leakage inductor and in series with a DC blocking capacitor and a damping resistor connected to gate and source of the secondary side synchronous rectifier.

Claims

1. A multi-phase interleaving isolated DC/DC converter comprising:

a transformer, a primary side connected to a power source, and a secondary side connected to an output filter;

said transformer having a primary winding connected to said primary side and a secondary winding connected to said secondary side for converting an input voltage into an output voltage,

wherein said primary winding has a plurality of coils and said secondary winding comprises a plurality of coils;

said primary side further has a plurality of primary legs equal to the number of coils in said primary winding,

wherein each primary leg has a top switch and a bottom switch, and is connected to said primary winding between said top and bottom switches; and

said secondary side further comprises at least one output filter inductor connected to said secondary winding.

2. The converter of claim 1, wherein:

said second side further comprises a plurality of secondary legs equal to the number of coils in said secondary winding,

wherein each secondary leg has a synchronous rectifier switch and is connected to said secondary winding for rectifying said output voltage.

3. The converter of claim 2, wherein:

said secondary side has a plurality of output filter inductors equal in number to the number of secondary legs, wherein each output filter inductor is connected to each secondary leg opposite each synchronous rectifier switch such that said secondary winding is connected to each secondary leg between said output filter inductor and said synchronous rectifier switch.

4. The converter of claim 1, wherein:

said primary winding and said secondary winding comprise an equal number of coils.

5. The converter of claim 2, wherein:

said primary winding and said secondary winding comprise an equal number of coils.

6. The converter of claim 1 wherein said primary winding has three coils and said secondary winding has three coils, and said primary winding and said secondary winding are in delta-delta formation.

7. The converter of claim 1 wherein said primary winding and said secondary winding have an equal number of coils, and said primary winding and said secondary winding are in a series-series formation.

8. The converter of claim 2 wherein said primary winding and said secondary winding have an equal number of coils, and said primary winding and said secondary winding are in a series-series formation.

9. The converter of claim 2 wherein said primary winding and said secondary winding have an equal number of coils, and said primary winding and said secondary winding are in a series-series formation.

10. The converter of claim 1, wherein a leakage inductor is disposed in series with each primary coil.

11. The converter of claim 2, wherein a leakage inductor is disposed in series with each primary coil.

12. The converter of claim 3, wherein a leakage inductor is disposed in series with each primary coil.

13. A multi-phase interleaving isolated DC/DC converter comprising:

a transformer, a primary side connected to a power source, and a secondary side connected to an output filter;

said transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding for converting an input voltage into an output voltage;

wherein said primary winding and said secondary winding comprises an n winding each winding having n coils;

wherein said primary side has n primary legs wherein each has a top and a bottom switch, and is connected to said primary winding between said top and bottom switches;

wherein said secondary side has n secondary legs connected to said secondary winding; and

further comprises an output filter inductor connected to said secondary winding.

14. The converter of claim 13, wherein:

an output filter inductor is connected to each secondary leg adjacent each synchronous rectifier switch.

15. The converter of claim 14 wherein:

said primary winding d said secondary winding are in a series-series formation.

16. The converter of claim 14, wherein:

each n coil of the primary winding and each n coil of the secondary winding are disposed on a corresponding n core;

and wherein each core is arranged vertically adjacent to one another in a series-series arrangement.

17. The converter of claim 15, further comprising:

an insulator disposed therebetween said windings.

18. The converter of claim 13, wherein a leakage inductor is disposed in series with each primary coil.

19. The converter of claim 13, wherein a leakage inductor is disposed in series with each secondary coil.

29. The converter of claim 13, wherein each secondary legs has a synchronous rectifier switch.

20. A winding structure for a three-phase high frequency transformer comprising:

a primary winding and a secondary winding each winding having n coils,

wherein each n coil of the primary winding and each n coil of the secondary winding are disposed on each n core,

wherein each core is arranged vertically adjacent to one another in a series-series arrangement.

21. The transformer winding arrangement of claim 20, wherein:

said primary winding and said secondary winding each winding having three coils, such that a first coil of the primary winding and a first coil of the secondary winding are disposed on a first core, a second coil of the primary winding and a second coil of the secondary winding are disposed on a second core, a third coil of the primary winding and a third coil of the secondary winding are disposed on a third core; and

wherein each core is arranged vertically adjacent to one another in a delta-delta arrangement.

22. The transformer winding arrangement of claim 21, further comprising an insulator disposed between said windings.

23. The transformer winding arrangement of claim 20, wherein, said coils are arranged in an EI conformation.

24. A self-driven scheme for a DC/DC converter, comprising:

a complimentary control a multi-phase isolated DC/DC converter having n primary legs and n secondary legs, wherein said complimentary control for each primary leg comprises a gate driver transformer with winding in series with a DC blocking (level shift) capacitor Cp connected to a drain and a source of a top switch of each primary leg.

25. The self-driven scheme according to claim 24, further comprising:

a gate drive transformer, for each primary leg, with secondary winding containing a leakage inductor Lk2 and in series with a DC blocking (level shift) capacitor Cs and a damping resistor Rg is connected to the gate and source of the secondary side synchronous rectifier.

26. The self-driven scheme according to claim 24, wherein:

a phase shift having a phase shift angle is generated by the self-driven scheme whereby the phase shift angle is 360°

divided by a phase number wherein the phase number is equal to n.

27. The self-driven scheme according to claim 25, wherein:

a phase shift having a phase shift angle is generated by the self-driven scheme whereby the phase shift angle is 360°

divided by a phase number wherein the phase number is equal to n.

28. The self-driven scheme according to claim 24, further comprising a leakage inductor is disposed in series with each primary coil.