System and method for monitoring and controlling gaseous fuel storage systems

• US 6,957,171 B2
• Filed: 04/17/2003
• Issued: 10/18/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 04/19/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Saskatchewan Research Council
• Original Assignee: Saskatchewan Research Council
• Inventors: White, Nicholas Peter, Lung, Bryan Chris
• Primary Examiner(s): Hoff, Marc S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): OMALLEY, MARY CATHERINE
• Application Number:
  US10/417,113
• Publication Number:
  US 20030233206A1
• Time in Patent Office: 915 Days
• Field of Search: 73 125- 126, 73 135- 136, 73/15.7, 738/610.1, 735/140.5, 735/140.6, 735/140.7, 73/11.6, 702 33- 36, 702/45, 702/47, 702/50, 702/55, 702113-114, 702/130, 702/138, 702140-141, 702/179, 702/188, 702181-185, 700 12- 13, 700/19, 700/231, 700281-283, 700/299, 700/301, 700/304
• US Class Current: 702/188
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 13/025 having the pressure as the parameter
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 13/026 having the temperature as the parameter
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 13/123 for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0323 Valves
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0326 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2205/0335 Check-valves or non-return valves
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/012 Hydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/033 Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/0123 gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/036 Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/0123 gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2225/036 Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/032 using computers
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/043 Pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/0439 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2250/0469 Constraints, e.g. by gauges
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2260/042 Reducing risk of explosion
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/012 by filtering
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2265/065 for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2270/0139 Fuel stations
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2270/0168 : by vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 5/007 : for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles filling with liquid fuel not under pressure, B60S5/02, B67D7/00
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 7/00 : Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/32 : Hydrogen storage

Abstract

A gaseous fuel storage system included in a vehicle to supply fuel to a power source (e.g., an engine, fuel cell and the like) is diagnosed and controlled by a monitoring/evaluation and control system. Various parameters with reference to gas temperature, gas pressure, gas density and damage and shock of a vessel containing the pressurized gas are provided by respective sensors mounted on and in vessels of a gas storage system. A control module determines whether maintenance of the vessels is required based on the sensed parameters. If maintenance is necessary, the components will be replaced with new ones or the entire gas storage system or the vessel will be replaced. If necessary, a warning is provided to avoid operation of the power source and the vehicle.

Claims

1. A monitoring and control system for a compressed gas fuel storage system having a storage vessel monitored by a plurality of sensors, each sensor generating an operating parameter signal, the system comprising:

an input controller for managing gas flow to the compressed gas fuel storage system;

an output controller for managing gas flow from the compressed gas fuel storage system; and

a control system for managing the input controller and the output controller, the control system including;

a memory module for storing data related to design characteristics of the storage vessel, the data being representative of useful life characteristics of the storage vessel;

an input signal converter for receiving and conditioning the operating parameter signals from the plurality of sensors, the operating parameter signals being related to useful life characteristics of the storage vessel;

a processor module for evaluating the conditioned operating parameter signals provided by the input signal converter in relation to the data stored in the memory module to determine a status of the compressed gas fuel storage system;

an output signal converter for generating drive warning indicators based on the status of the compressed gas fuel storage system for controlling the input controller and the output controller; and

a system status module managed by the processor module for allowing in-service switching to change operating modes of the fuel storage system.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system status module includes an in-service switch for placing the fuel storage system in a service mode, a diagnostic mode switch for placing the fuel storage system in a diagnostic mode and a maintenance mode switch for placing the fuel storage system in a maintenance mode.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of sensors are selected from the group consisting of:

temperature sensor;

pressure sensor; and

accelerometer.

4. A method of monitoring and controlling a compressed gas fuel storage system having a storage vessel monitored by a plurality of sensors, each sensor generating an operating parameter signal, the method comprising:

storing data related to design characteristics of the storage vessel, the data being representative of useful life characteristics of the storage vessel;

receiving the operating parameter signals from the plurality of sensors, the operating parameter signals being related to useful life characteristics of the storage vessel;

evaluating the operating parameter signals received by the input signal converter in relation to the data stored in the memory module to determine a status of the compressed gas fuel storage system;

generating drive warning indicators based on the status of the compressed gas fuel storage system for managing gas flow to and from the compressed gas fuel storage system; and

switching between a plurality of operating modes of the fuel storage system in response to service requests.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of operating modes includes an in-service mode, a diagnostic mode and a maintenance mode.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the operating parameter signal includes a temperature of the storage vessel, a pressure in the storage vessel, and a density of gas in the storage vessel.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of storing data includes:

(a) obtaining temperature limit data of the storage vessel;

(b) obtaining pressure limit data of the storage vessel; and

(c) obtaining density limit data of the storage vessel.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of evaluating includes comparing the respective obtained data of the storage vessel with the operating parameter signal from the respective sensor.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising setting a stop-fill indicator when the pressure exceeds the pressure limit data to prevent further filling of gaseous fuel in the storage vessel.

10. The method of claim 7, further comprising setting a stop-fill indicator when the density exceeds the density limit data to prevent further filling of gaseous fuel in the storage vessel.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of storing data includes:

(a) obtaining sustained load use data of the storage vessel; and

(b) obtaining fatigue life use of the storage vessel.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

evaluating an actual sustained load use and an actual fatigue life use of the compressed gas fuel storage system based on operating temperature and pressure.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising setting a load use indicator when the actual sustained load use exceeds the sustained load use data to prevent further filling of gaseous fuel in the storage vessel.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising setting a fatigue indicator when the actual fatigue life use exceeds the fatigue life use data to prevent further filling of gaseous fuel in the storage vessel.

15. The method of claim 6, wherein the operating parameter signal includes a damage value of the storage vessel.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of storing data includes:

(a) obtaining damage limit data of the storage vessel.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of evaluating includes comparing the obtained damage limit data of the storage vessel with the damage value operating parameter signal.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising setting a damage indicator when the damage value exceeds the damage limit data to prevent further filling of gaseous fuel in the storage vessel.