Surgical biopsy device

• US 6,960,172 B2
• Filed: 08/15/2003
• Issued: 11/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: REX Medical LP
• Original Assignee: REX Medical LP
• Inventors: McGuckin, James F. Jr., Hinchliffe, Peter W. J., Defonzo, Stephan A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rollins, Rosiland
• Application Number:
  US10/642,009
• Publication Number:
  US 20040087942A1
• Time in Patent Office: 809 Days
• Field of Search: 600/562, 600564-567, 606/41, 606/45, 606/113, 606/114
• US Class Current: 600/564
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0041 Detection of breast cancer mammography by transillumination A61B5/0091, by X-rays A61B6/502, by ultrasonic means A61B8/0825
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/02 Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy A61B10/0038 and A61B10/0045 take precedence; needle locating or guiding means A61B17/3403; samplers for enzymology or microbiology C12M1/26; sampling or preparing biological specimens G01N33/48
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0266 means for severing sample
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/0218 for minimally invasive surgery A61B17/0281, A61B17/0469, A61B17/12013, A61B17/1285, A61B17/29, A61B17/320016 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/221 Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions surgical snare instruments A61B17/32056
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/320016 Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes A61B10/0233, A61B17/29, A61B17/3207 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/32056 Surgical snare instruments for removing or smashing calculi A61B2017/2212; tonsillotomes A61B17/26
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/320725 with radially expandable cutting or abrading elements A61B17/32075 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/14 Probes or electrodes therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1482 having a long rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously in minimal invasive surgery, e.g. laparoscopy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00287 Bags for minimally invasive surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00796 Breast surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/008 Removal of tumors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/2212 having a closed distal end, e.g. a loop
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/2215 having an open distal end
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/32004 having a laterally movable cutting member at its most distal end which remains within the contours of said end
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1407 Loop
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/2238 with means for selectively laterally deflecting the tip of the fibre
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/40 Apparatus fixed or close to patients specially adapted for providing an aseptic surgical environment

Abstract

A surgical biopsy apparatus for cutting tissue comprising a housing having a longitudinal axis, first and second members movable from a retracted position to an extended position with respect to the housing, a third member slidably positioned and extendable with respect to the first member, a fourth member slidably positioned and extendable with respect to the second member, and an electrocautery cutting wire slidable with respect to the third and fourth members to surround a region of tissue positioned between the third and fourth members to cut the tissue.

Claims

1. A surgical biopsy apparatus comprising:

an elongated housing having a distal end portion and a proximal end portion;

at least three members each having a free end, the at least three members advanceable in a distal direction with the free end extending distally beyond the distal end portion of the housing to provide a three-dimensional boundary for an area of tissue to be removed, at least a portion of the at least three members extending in different directions;

a cutting wire loop advanceable distally with respect to the elongated housing from a proximal position to a more distal position to cut the area of tissue, wherein the cutting wire loop is moved to a larger diameter as it is advanced with respect to the elongated housing, and the cutting wire loop is supported by at least one carrier, the at least one carrier advanceable over one of at least three members.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least three members are composed of shape memory material.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein exposure of the at least three members to body temperature transitions the members to an austenitic state.

4. A surgical biopsy apparatus comprising:

a housing having a longitudinal axis;

a plurality of tissue penetrating members extendable with respect to the housing at an angle to the longitudinal axis; and

a carrier slidable with respect to and guided by the tissue penetrating members for advancing and expanding a wire to cut tissue, wherein the carrier has an opening to receive the wire therethrough.

5. The surgical biopsy apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a tissue containment bag, the tissue containment bag operatively associated with the carrier so that slidable movement of the carrier advances the tissue containment bag to the target tissue and expands an opening of the bag.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a plurality of carriers, each carrier configured to slide over a respective tissue penetrating member.

7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the carrier has an additional opening for receiving a suture.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the suture is connected to a tissue retrieval bag for closing the bag.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the diameter of a loop of the suture increases as it is advanced distally with respect to the plurality of members.

10. A method for performing breast biopsy comprising:

inserting into breast tissue a housing having a diameter smaller than a diameter of the tissue to be biopsied;

advancing penetrating members through the breast tissue to create a tissue boundary area having a transverse cross-sectional length greater than the diameter of the housing; and

advancing a cutting wire so a loop of the cutting wire moves to a diameter greater than the diameter of the housing as an opening of the loop expands in a plane substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the housing as the wire moves distally with respect to the penetrating members and is expanded by the penetrating members.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of advancing a tissue retrieval bag so the mouth of the bag moves to a diameter greater than the diameter of the housing as it is expanded by the penetrating members.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of passing radiofrequency through the cutting wire as it is advanced.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising advancing a tissue containment bag to increase a transverse opening of a mouth of the bag in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing as the bag moves distally with respect to the penetrating members.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of advancing the cutting wire and tissue retrieval bag substantially simultaneously.

15. A surgical biopsy apparatus comprising:

a housing having a longitudinal axis;

a plurality of tissue penetrating members extendable with respect to the housing at an angle to the longitudinal axis; and

a carrier slidable with respect to and guided by the tissue penetrating members for advancing and expanding a wire to cut tissue;

wherein the plurality of tissue penetrating members are extendable in a distal direction and the carrier slides in a distal direction so that the wire is expanded by the tissue penetrating members.